Authors: Boleslaw Prus
But the other man came closer, instead of going away. âExcuse me, sir,' he said timidly, âbut what if someone asks me where I got this money?'
âTell them it was on account from meâ¦'
âI understand, sirâ¦Godâ¦may Godâ¦'
But Wokulski was no longer listening; he was walking towards the Vistula, thinking: âHow fortunate they are, all these people whose apathy is caused merely by hunger, and who only suffer from the cold. And how easy it is to make them happy! With even my small fortune I could elevate several thousand such families. It's unlikely, yet it is so.'
Wokulski reached the Vistula bank, and looked about in surprise. Here, occupying several acres of space, was a hill of the most hideous garbage, stinking, almost moving under the sun, while only a few dozen yards away lay the reservoirs from which Warsaw drank.
âHere,' he thought, âis the centre of all infection. What a man throws out of his house today he drinks tomorrow. Later he's moved to the Powazki cemetery, and then again from the other side of the city he infects those of his dear ones who are still alive⦠A boulevard here, drains and water from the hill-topâseveral thousand people could be saved from death, and tens of thousands from diseases⦠Not much work, but an inestimable profit; nature would know how to compensate for it.'
On the side and in the ravines of the hideous hill he saw what looked like people. Several drunkards, or criminals, were dozing in the sun, there were two women street-sweepers and a loving couple, consisting of a leprous woman and a consumptive man without a nose. They looked like phantoms of diseases unearthed here, rather than human beings, that had dressed themselves in rags. All these individuals sniffed the scent of an intruder: even the sleepers lifted their heads and gazed at the visitor with the look of mad dogs.
Wokulski smiled. âHad I come here by night, they would certainly have cured me of melancholia. Tomorrow I'd be resting under this garbage which, after all, is as comfortable a grave as any. In the town there'd be a fuss, these honest folk would be run to earth and excommunicatedâyet they might have done me a favourâ¦
âFor they do not know, as they slumber in their tombs, the heavy cares of this life, and their souls no longer struggle with desires, yearning, powerlessâ¦
âBut am I really growing sentimental? My nerves must be thoroughly disordered. But a boulevard wouldn't do away with these Mohicans: they'd move over the river to Praga or beyond, go on with their business, make love like that pair, even increase and multiply. What fine children you will have, my homeland, born and brought up in this garbage heap, with a mother covered in sores and a father with no nose!â¦
âMy own children would be different; they would have her beauty, my strength⦠Yes, but they will never be. In this country only disease, poverty and crime find a marriage bed and shelter for their offspring. It is terrible to think what will happen here within a few generations. Yet there is a simple remedy: compulsory labour, properly renumerated. That alone can bring forth better individuals and wipe out evil without a fuss⦠We would have an active population where today we have hungry or sick peopleâ¦'
Then, without knowing why, he thought: âWhat does it matter if she flirts a little? Coquetry in a woman is like colour in flowers. It's their nature to want to please everyone, even a Mraczewski⦠She flirts with everyone else, but for me there's only “Pay that gentleman!”⦠Perhaps she thinks I cheated them in buying the silver? That would indeed be amusing!'
A heap of planks was lying on the very edge of the Vistula. Wokulski felt tired, sat down and gazed around. The Saska KÄpa district, already turning green, and the houses of Praga with their red roofs, were reflected on the smooth surface of the water. A barge stood motionless in the centre of the river. A ship Wokulski had seen on the Black Sea last summer motionless because its engines had broken down, had looked no bigger. âIt was travelling along like a bird, then suddenly broke down; the engine had failed. I asked myself then, what if I too sometime come to a halt? And now I have done so. What commonplace engines they are that cause movement in the world: a little bit of coal moves a ship, a little bit of heartâa man.'
At this moment a premature yellow butterfly passed over his head, in the direction of the town, âWhere did it come from, I wonder?' Wokulski thought. âNature has her caprices sometimesâand analogies,' he added. âThere are butterflies in mankind, too: prettily coloured, flitting over the surface of life, feeding on sweets without which they perishâsuch is their occupation. As for the wormsâthey undermine the earth and make it ready for sowing. The butterflies play; you labour: space and light exist for themâyour only privilege is growing together again if someone carelessly steps on youâ¦
âAre you sighing for a butterfly, you fool? And surprised because you disgust her? What bond can exist between her and me?⦠Well, a caterpillar resembles a worm until it becomes a butterfly. Ah, so you are to become a butterfly, are youâyou haberdasher! Why not, though? Continuous improvement is a natural law, and just consider how many merchant families in England have become Your Lordships.
âIn England! There a creative era still exists in society; there, everything is improving and moving up to a higher level. There, even the higher levels of society continue to attract new forces to themselves. But here the higher level has solidified like water in frost, and has not only created a peculiar species not connected with the rest and has a feeling of physical repulsion towards them, but even hampers all movement below by its own dead weight. Why deceive myself? She and I are two different species, just like the butterfly and the worm. Am I to leave my hole in the ground and the other worms for the sake of her wings? These are my peopleâlying here on the garbage. And perhaps they are poor and will be poorer because I want to squander some thirty thousand roubles a year for playing with the butterfly⦠Stupid tradesman, vile man that you areâ¦
âThirty thousand roubles means as much as sixty small workshops or stores, which whole families could live on. And am I to destroy their existence, suck the human souls out of them and drive them to this garbage heap?
âVery wellâbut if it were not for her, would I have this fortune now? Who knows what would have become of me and this money had it not been for her? Perhaps it is precisely because of her that the money will acquire creative properties; maybe at least a dozen families will benefit by it.'
Wokulski turned and suddenly caught sight of his own shadow on the ground. Then he recalled that his shadow went before, after or beside him always and everywhere, just as the thought of this woman accompanied him always and everywhere, awake or dreaming, interfused with all his aims, plans and acts.
âI can't give her up,' he whispered, clasping his hands together as if explaining to someone.
He rose from the planks and went back to town.
Walking along Oboźna Street he recalled the driver Wysocki, whose horse had fallen and been destroyed, and it seemed to him he could see a whole row of carts, in front of which lay fallen horses, with a whole row of drivers in despair over them, each with a group of wretched children and a wife who washed linen for people who couldn't pay.
âA horse?' Wokulski whispered, and somehow his heart ached. Once, last March, as he had been crossing Aleje Jerozolimskie, he had seen a crowd of people, a black coal-wagon standing across the street by a gate, and an unharnessed horse a few feet away. âWhat's happened?' âHorse broke its leg,' one of the passers-by replied cheerfully; he had a violet scarf on, and kept his hands in his pockets.
Wokulski looked at the culprit as he passed. It was a lean nag with its ribs showing, and kept lifting its back leg. Tied to a small tree, it stood quietly, looked with its rolling eye at Wokulski and gnawed in its pain at a branch covered with hoar-frost.
âWhy should I be reminded of that horse just now?' Wokulski thought. âWhy do I feel this pity?'
He walked thoughtfully up Oboźna and felt that, in the course of the few hours spent by the river, a change had come upon him. Formerlyâten years ago, a year ago, even yesterdayâwhile walking about in the streets he never met anything unusual. People passed by, droshkies drove along, shops opened their doors hospitably for customers. But now a new kind of feeling had come to him. Each ragged man looked as if he were shouting for help, the more loudly because he said nothing but only cast a fearful glance, just as that horse with the broken leg had done. Each poor woman looked like a washerwoman, supporting her family on the brink of poverty and decline with her worn hands. Each pitiful child seemed condemned to premature death or to spending days and nights on the garbage heap in Dobra street.
It was not only people who concerned him. He shared the weariness of horses pulling heavy carts along, and the sores where their horse-collars had drawn blood. He shared the fright of a lost dog barking in the street for his master and the despair of a starving bitch as she ran from one gutter to the next, seeking food for herself and her puppies. And on top of these sufferings he was even pained by the trees with their bark cut, the pavements like broken teeth, dampness on broken pieces of furniture and ragged garments. It seemed to him that every object like this was sick or wounded, complaining: âSee how I sufferâ¦', and that he alone heard and understood their laments. And this peculiar capacity for feeling the pain of others had been born in him only today, an hour ago.
Strange! After all, he had the reputation of an established philanthropist. Members of the Charitable Society, in their frock-coats, had thanked him for his offerings to their ever-hungry institutions; Countess Karolowa talked in drawing-rooms of all the money he had donated to her orphanage; his servants and clerks spread his fame for raising their wages. But these things caused Wokulski no pleasure, for he himself attached no significance to them. He tossed thousands of roubles to charity to buy fame, without ever asking what was to be done with the money.
Not until today, when he had extricated a man from destitution by a mere ten roubles, which no one would tell the rest of the world of, not until today had he recognised what sacrifice meant. Not until this day had a new, hitherto unknown part of the world risen up before his eyesâpoverty, which must be helped.
âYes, but did I not notice poverty before?' Wokulski whispered. And he recalled whole throngs of ragged people, poor, looking for work, throngs of starving horses, hungry dogs, trees with broken bark and broken branches. He had encountered all these things without emotion. It was not until now, when a great personal pain had fallowed and harrowed his soul, had fertilized it with his own blood and tears unseen to the world, that this strange plant had grown within him: this mutual sympathy encompassing everythingâpeople, animals, even inanimate objects.
âThe doctor would say a new cell has been formed in my brain, or that several old ones had joined together,' he thought. âYesâbut what now?'
Hitherto he had had only one aim: to approach Izabela. Now he acquired another: to extricate Wysocki from destitution.
âA small thing!'
âAnd transfer his brother to Skierniewice,' a voice added.
âA mere nothing!'
But behind these two people were several others, with still others behind them, then a huge crowd struggling with all kinds of poverty and finallyâa whole ocean of suffering which must be mitigated as far as his powers allowed, or at least stopped from spreading.
âVisionsâ¦abstractionsâ¦nervous exhaustion!' Wokulski whispered.
That was one way. At the end of the other, however, he saw a real and well-defined aimâIzabela.
âI'm not Christ, to sacrifice myself for mankind.'
âSoâforget the Wysockis to begin with,' the inner voice retorted.
âWell, this is nonsense. Even though I'm excited today, I mustn't make a fool of myself,' Wokulski thought. âI'll do what can be done, but I won't renounce my own happiness, that's too muchâ¦'
At this moment he stopped at the door of his shop and went in.
Inside, Wokulski found only one customer. It was a tall lady in black, of indeterminate age. Before her was a pile of dressing-casesâwooden, leather, plush, metal, plain and fancy, the most expensive and the cheapestâand all the clerks were attending to her. Klein kept proffering more, Mraczewski was praising the cases, while Lisiecki accompanied him with gestures. Only Ignacy came forward to greet his principal.
âThere's a delivery from Paris,' he told Wokulski, âI think we shall have to collect it tomorrow.'
âAs you likeâ¦'
âAnd orders from Moscow for ten thousand roubles, for early May.'
âI expected them.'
âTwo hundred from Radom, but the driver wants payment by tomorrow.'
Wokulski shrugged. âWe must have done with this huckstering trade once and for all,' he exclaimed. âThere's no profit in it and the demands are too heavy.'
âBreak with our provincial trade?' Rzecki asked in surprise.
âBreak with the Jews,' Lisiecki put in in an undertone; âthe boss is quite right to get out of those wretched deals. Sometimes I'm ashamed to give change, the money smells so of garlicâ¦'
Wokulski did not reply. He sat down at his accounts and pretended to be reckoning, but in reality he did nothing; he had not the energy. He recalled his recent dream of making mankind happy and decided he must be in a very nervous state. âSentiment and imagination triumphed over,' he thought. âIt's a bad sign. I may become a laughing-stock, be ruinedâ¦'
He mechanically eyed the unusual countenance of the lady choosing a dressing-case. She was modestly dressed, her hair drawn back smoothly. Deep sorrow was etched upon her face, which was both white and yellowish; bad temper lurked in her tight lips, and anger or sometimes humiliation glittered in her downcast eyes. She was speaking in a low and mild voice, but bargaining more than any miser. This case was too expensive, that too cheap; this plush would fade, the leather would wear off that, and here rust was showing on the fittings. Lisiecki had already retreated, Klein was resting, and only Mraczewski was talking to her as if he knew her.