1867 (39 page)

  
1.
Carl M. Wallace, “Sir Leonard Tilley: A Political Biography” (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Alberta, 1972).

  
2.
Wallace, “Sir Leonard Tilley,” p. 86.

  
3.
Wallace, “Sir Leonard Tilley,” p. 110, expressing Tilley’s opinion in 1860; J. H. Gray,
Confederation
(Toronto: Copp Clark, 1872), p. 151.

  
4.
Tupper to Macdonald, January 4, 1865, and Macdonald to Colonel J. H. Gray, March 24, 1865, in John A. Macdonald Papers, Vol. 51, National Archives of Canada, MG24 A.

  
5.
Wallace, “Sir Leonard Tilley,” p. 203.

  
6.
Macdonald to Colonel J. H. Gray, March 24, 1865, in Macdonald Papers, Vol. 51, NAC, MG24 A.

  
7.
W. L. Morton, “The Extension of the Franchise in Canada: A Study in Democratic Nationalism,” Canadian Historical Association
Annual Report
1943 (Ottawa, 1943), pp. 72-81; John Garner,
The Franchise and Politics in British North America
(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1969), p. 3.

  
8.
Garner,
The Franchise and Politics
, p. 28.

  
9.
Quoted by Gail Campbell in “Disenchanted but Not Quiescent: Women Petitioners in New Brunswick in the Mid-19th Century,” in Janet Guildford and Suzanne Morton,
Separate Spheres: Women’s Worlds in the 19th-Century Maritimes
(Fredericton: Acadiensis Press, 1994), p. 63.

10.
Donald Creighton,
The Road to Confederation
(Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1964), p. 229; Tilley to Macdonald, February 1, 1865, Macdonald Papers, Vol. 51., p. 19,970, NAC, MG24 A.

11.
Wallace, “Sir Leonard Tilley,” p. 28.

12.
Peter Waite,
The Life and Times of Confederation
(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1962) p. 240.

13.
Gray to Macdonald, March 13, 1865, Macdonald Papers, Vol. 51, p. 19978.

14.
Gray to MacDonald, March 13, 1865.

15.
Nova Scotia,
Debates and Proceedings of the House of Assembly, 1866
(Halifax: 1866), p. 278.

16.
Draft of Botheration Letter, Joseph Howe Papers, Vol. 26-1, p. 143, NAC, MG24 B29.

17.
J. Murray Beck, ed.,
Joseph Howe: Voice of Nova Scotia
(Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1964), p. 168.

18.
Tupper to Macdonald, January 4, 1865, Macdonald Papers, Vol. 51, p. 19930, NAC, MG24 A.

19.
Tupper to Macdonell, May 10, 1865, Macdonald Papers, Vol. 51, p. 90,030, NAC, MG24 A.

20.
Nova Scotia
Debates
1865, p. 203.

21.
Tupper to Macdonald, April 9, 1865, Macdonald Papers, Vol. 51, p. 90,030, NAC, MG24 A.

22.
Creighton,
Road to Confederation
, p. 319.

23.
Waite,
Life and Times of Confederation
, p. 275.

24.
Phillip Buckner, “Charles Tupper,” in
Dictionary of Canadian Biography
xiv (forthcoming).

25.
April 10, 1866, in Nova Scotia
Debates
1866, p. 211.

26.
April 13, 1866, in Nova Scotia
Debates
1866, p. 233.

27.
Nova Scotia
Debates
1866, pp. 241-4 (Locke), 246 (Townsend), 276-83 (McLelan), 269-76 (Macdonald).

28.
Nova Scotia
Debates
1866, pp. 185-9 (Miller), 190 (Macdonell).

29.
Beck, ed.,
Joseph Howe
, p. 179.

30.
Howe’s statement of January 29, 1861, quoted in Nova Scotia,
Journals of the House of Assembly
, 1866, Appendix 10, April 26, 1866.

31.
Howe’s statement of March 30, 1861, quoted in Nova Scotia,
Journals
1866, Appendix 10.

32.
Beck, ed.,
Joseph Howe
, p. 101.

33.
Nova Scotia
Debates
1866, pp. 190 (Annand), 293 (Brown), 287 (Blackwood).

34.
Nova Scotia
Debates
1866, pp. 247-54 (Henry), 211-22 (Tupper).

35.
Nova Scotia
Debates
1866, pp. 244-6 (Blanchard), 247-54 (Henry), 283-4 (McFarlane), 269-76 (Macdonald).

36.
J. W. Longley,
Sir Charles Tupper
(Toronto: Morang, Makers of Canada Series, 1916), p. 79.

37.
Phillip Buckner, “The Maritimes and Confederation: A Reassessment,”
Canadian Historical Review
61 (1990), pp. 1-45.

38.
Canada,
Parliamentary Debates on Confederation of the British North American Provinces
(Quebec: 1865), p. 1007.

39.
Confederation Debates
, p. 59 (Cartier); G. P. Browne,
Documents on Confederation of British North America
(Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1969), p. 95 (Macdonald).

40.
Tilley story, noted in 1917, is recorded in George S. Holmsted Papers, NAC, MG27 I
I
H6.

  
1.
Canada,
Parliamentary Debates on Confederation of the British North American Provinces
(Quebec: 1865), p. 946, quoting Dickey’s letter of December 5, 1864.

  
2.
E. B. Biggar,
An Anecdotal Life of John A. Macdonald
(Montreal: Lovell and Co., 1891) p. 116-7.

  
3.
Joseph Pope,
The Memoirs of Sir John A. Macdonald
(Toronto: Musson, 1927), p. 780-3.

  
4.
The
Economist’s
major articles on confederation in 1864 appeared on July 16 (Vol. 22, p. 892), August 27 (Vol. 22, p. 1080), October 15 (Vol. 22, p. 1279), and November 26 (Vol. 22, p. 1455).

  
5.
Walter Bagehot,
The English Constitution
(London: 1867). I used the 1963 Fontana edition, edited and introduced by Richard Crossman, in which these quotations appear on pp. 84 and 102.

  
6.
Bagehot,
The English Constitution
, p. 98.

  
7.
Bagehot,
The English Constitution
, p. 245.

  
8.
Bagehot,
The English Constitution
, p. 94.

  
9.
Bagehot,
The English Constitution
, p. 156.

10.
Biggar,
Anecdotes
, pp. 190-1.

11.
J. K. Johnson, “John A. Macdonald,” in J. M. S. Careless,
The Pre-Confederation Premiers of Ontario
(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1985).

12.
Biggar,
Anecdotes
, p. 131.

13.
Donald Creighton,
John A. Macdonald
, Vol.
II
:
The Old Statesman
(Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1955), p. 522.

14.
Richard Cartwright,
Reminiscences
(Toronto: Wm. Briggs), p. 304.

15.
Donald Creighton,
The Road to Confederation
(Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1964), p. 236.

16.
Confederation Debates
, p. 1007.

17.
Bagehot,
The English Constitution
, p. 152.

18.
Biggar,
Anecdotes
, p. 134.

19.
Mercy Ann Coles, “Diary,” National Archives of Canada, MG24 B66.

20.
Macdonald to Gray, March 24, 1865, John A. Macdonald Papers, Vol. 51, NAC, MG24 A.

21.
Carnarvon to Monck, August 10, 1866, in G. P. Browne, ed.,
Documents on Confederation of British North America
(Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1969), p. 193.

22.
Quotations from the London debates are drawn from the minutes kept by Macdonald’s secretary, Hewitt Bernard, and published in Browne, ed.,
Documents
, p. 195ff.

23.
Browne, ed.,
Documents
, p. 214.

24.
Langevin’s letter to his brother Edmond, quoted in Andrée Desilets,
Hector Langevin, un père de la confédération canadienne
(Québec: Presses de l’Université Laval, 1969), p. 159.

25.
Desilets,
Hector Langevin
, p. 164.

26.
Desilets,
Hector Langevin
, p. 159; Creighton,
Road to Confederation
, p. 408.

27.
Creighton,
Road to Confederation
, p. 420.

28.
Economist
, Vol. 23, February 23, 1867, p. 203.

29.
Economist
, Vol. 23, April 22, 1865, p. 463, and September 9, 1865, p. 1086.

30.
Dunkin quoted in
Confederation Debates
, p. 498; Galt quoted in H. B. Timothy,
The Galts: A Canadian Odyssey
(Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1984), p. 108.

31.
Bagehot,
The English Constitution
, p. 159.

32.
Bagehot,
The English Constitution
, p. 277.

33.
Gordon T. Stewart,
The Origins of Canadian Politics
(Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1986), p. 67.

34.
Stewart,
Origins of Canadian Politics
, p. 70.

35.
S. J. R. Noel,
Patrons, Clients, Brokers: Ontario Society and Politics, 1791-1896
(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990), p. 286.

36.
Noel,
Patrons, Clients, Brokers
, p. 285.

37.
Bagehot,
English Constitution
, p. 94.

38.
Peter Jenkins, “Article,”
Independent
, April 10, 1992.

  
1.
Canada,
Parliamentary Debates on Confederation of the British North American Provinces
(Quebec: 1865), p. 125-46.

  
2.
Confederation Debates
, p. 60.

  
3.
Confederation Debates
, p. 59; Nova Scotia,
Debates and Proceedings of the House of Assembly 1865
(Halifax: 1865), p. 207-10.

  
4.
Confederation Debates
, p. 146.

  
5.
Dorion:
Confederation Debates
, p. 255;
Acadian Recorder
(Halifax), September 12, 1864, quoted in Phillip Buckner, “The Maritimes and Confederation: A Reassessment,” in
Canadian Historical Review
61 #1 (March 1990), p. 25.

  
6.
Peter Russell,
Constitutional Odyssey: Can Canadians Be a Sovereign People?
(Toronto: University of Toronto Press) p. 3.

  
7.
Economist
, Vol. 2, October 15, 1864, p. 1279.

  
8.
Confederation Debates
, p. 146.

  
9.
G. P. Browne, ed.,
Documents on Confederation of British North America
(Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1969), pp. 185-9, Observations and Notes on the Quebec Resolutions, July 24, 1866; pp. 247-62, Initial draft of the
BNA
Act, January 23, 1867.

10.
Browne, ed.,
Documents
, p. 169;
Economist
, Vol. 22, November 26, 1864, p. 1455.

11.
Browne, ed.,
Documents
, p. 180.

12.
Joseph Pope,
The Memoirs of Sir John A. Macdonald
(Toronto: Musson, 1927), p. 289.

13.
The quotation and much of the detail here are from Ged Martin,
Britain and the Origins of Canadian Confederation, 1837-67
(Vancouver:
UBC
Press), pp. 284-90.

14.
Confederation Debates
, p. 132; Peter Waite,
The Life and Times of Confederation
(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1962), p. 28.

15.
Waite,
Life and Times of Confederation
, p. 194; Nova Scotia
Debates
1865, p. 211.

16.
Confederation Debates
, p. 145.

17.
Globe
, July 1, 1867; Careless,
Brown of the Globe
, Vol.
II
, p. 251-3.

18.
W. T. R. Preston,
My Generation of Politicians and Politics
(Toronto: Rose Publishing, 1927), p. 18.

19.
Pope,
Memoirs of Sir John A. Macdonald
, p. 274.

20.
Confederation Debates
, p. 541.

  
1.
James Gillies, “Thinking the Unthinkable: The Republic of Canada,”
Globe and Mail
, June 28, 1997, p. D9.