A Convenient Hatred: The History of Antisemitism (63 page)

Banna, Hassan al-,
302
,
308
,
326
,
327

Barbarians gang,
347

Barbarossa, Frederick, Holy Roman emperor,
122
–123

Barcelona,
104
–105

Bar-Kokhba, Shimon,
20

Bavarian People’s Party,
268

Bayezid II, sultan,
110

Bedouins,
42
,
47
,
300
–301

Begin, Menachem,
334

Beit Ya’akov Lekhu Ve-nelkha
(BILU),
224

Belarus,
230
,
355

Belgium,
235
,
272
–273

Belzec (death camp),
277

Benedict XVI, pope,
354

Ben-Gurion, David,
240
,
308
,
309
,
318

Bergen-Belsen camp,
289

Berlin,
126
,
158
,
162
–163,
198
,
200
,
203
,
263

Bernard of Clairvaux,
72

Bernstein, John L.,
255

Bethar,
20

Bible,
8
–9,
89
,
101
,
114
,
119

oath-taking on,
168

references to
84
,
117
,
121

translation
160

BILU. See
Beit Ya’akov Lekhu Ve-nelkha

Bismarck, Otto von,
200

The Black Book
,
316

Black Death,
93
–95;

Europe,
95
–97,
98

map,
94

Middle East and North Africa,
95
–98;

persecution of Jews,
95
–98,
102
,
141
.
See also
poisoning wells

Black Hundreds,
228
–229

black Zionism,
333
–334

blasphemy,
11
,
124

Blois, Count of,
80
,
81

blood libel: Christian views of,
83
,
91

Damascus affair,
183
,
187
,
192
–193,
195

Europe,
84
–85,
139
–140,
145
,
228
,
296

first incident,
84
–85;

Luther’s responses to,
118
,
125

map,
83
,
193

Middle East
153
–154,
188
,
190
.
See also
ritual murder charges

Board of Deputies of British Jews,
194

Boleslaw, prince of Great Poland and Kalisz,
139
–140

Bolshevism, Bolsheviks,
241
–242,
248
,
251

Bonaparte, Napoleon,
173
–175

book burnings,
91
,
129

Bourgiba, Habib, president of Tunisia,
329

Bradley, General Omar,
286
–287

Brahms, Johannes,
178

Brichah
,
296

Britain: Balfour Declaration,
240
–241;

Congress of Berlin,
200
–201;

conspiracy beliefs,
203
,
239
–241;

Damascus affair,
193

and Egypt,
325
–328;

immigration policies,
295
,
306
–307;

Industrial Revolution,
207

Jews, attitudes toward,
225
–226,
239
–240,
346
–347;

and Middle East,
315
,
330
,
333

and Ottoman Empire,
185
,
193
,
194
,
248
,
300
–303

Protocols of the Elders of Zion
,
248
,
250

and Rothschild family,
191
,
196

and Russia,
242

and Soviet Union,
315

World War I,
233
–234,
261

World War II,
273

and Zionism,
215
,
223
–224,
240
–241.
See also
England

British mandate in Palestine,
303
–306,
307

British National Party,
351

Britons,
250

Browning, Christopher,
276

bubonic plague.
See
Black Death

Buchenwald camp,
289

Budnicka, Krystyna,
281
–282

Bulgaria,
248
,
272
,
279

Buren, Martin Van, president,
193

burghers: attacks on Jews,
59
–61,
67
–68,
70
,
141

powers
138
–139

Buxbaum, Henry,
259
,
260

Byzantine Church.
See
Eastern Orthodox Church

Byzantine Empire,
39
–42,
47
–49,
52
,
55
,
63
,
65
,
150

map, Jewish communities in,
49

Byzantium,
27
,
39

C

Caligula, emperor,
13
,
16
–18

Calixtus II, pope,
88

Calvin, John,
134

Calvinists,
134
,
144

Canterbury Tales
,
82

Capistrano, Giovanni,
141
,
143

Capito, Wolfgang,
123

Capuchin Order,
186

Carthage,
39

Casimir III, king,
141

Casimir IV, king,
141
,
143

Cassius, Dio,
31
,
33

Castile,
104
–105

Catholic Center Party,
260
,
268

Celestine IV, pope,
91

Center for Iranian Studies,
353

Central Powers,
233
–235,
239
,
240
–241

Cerfberr, Berr Isaac,
172

Champagne, count of,
81

Chanoine, Charles,
213
–214

Charles II, king,
167

Charles V, Holy Roman emperor,
117
–118,
122
–123,
125
–127,
133

charters: England, lack of,
166
,
168

France,
170

Holy Roman Empire,
122
–123;

Poland,
138
–141,
143
,
145
–146,
149

Speyer
60
–61,
67

Chaucer, Geoffrey,
82

Chelmno (death camp),
277

Chmielnicki, Bohdan,
148
–149

Christians, Christianity: Black Death,
95
–98;

blood libel,
83
–87,
125
–126,
153
–154,
188
,
190
,
228
,
296

Calvinists,
134

conversion of Jews,
33
,
39
–40,
67
–69,
70
,
87
–88,
105
–107,
123
,
129
–130

conversos
and New Christians,
106
–108,
110
,
131
,
132
,
133
,
153

Crusades,
62
–63;

Damascus affair,
183
,
185

early followers of Jesus,
23
–31;

and humanism,
114

Jews, accusations against,
81
–86,
87
,
98
,
153

Jews, attitudes toward,
91
,
101
,
135
,
169
,
173
,
268
–269,
297
–299,
322

Jews, treatment of,
33
–35,
87
–89,
89
–91;

Jews, violence against,
34
,
58
–59,
66
–69,
91
,
98
,
115
,
143
,
216
–217,
266

Judaizers,
35
,
36
,
106
,
108
,
116
,
119

and money lending,
73
,
99
,
173

Mortara case,
197

under Muslim rule,
103
,
151

and the Nazis,
268
–269,
271
,
282

post-Holocaust changes,
298
,
323

Reformation,
122
,
125
,
127
,
133
–135;

ritual murder, charges of,
75
–80,
82
,
104
,
125
–126,
143
,
296

Roman persecution of,
28
–29,
32

Spain,
104

“teaching of contempt,”
58
–59,
298
.
See also
churches by name; Protestant Reformation

Christian Socialist Worker’s Party,
203
–204

Chrysostom, Saint John,
35
–37

Churchill, Winston,
234

Church of England,
166

Church of the Holy Sepulcher,
61
,
63

citizenship and civic equality: Austria,
191

civibus Romanis
(Roman citizenship),
120

Congress of Berlin,
201

England,
166
–168;

France,
171
–173,
173
–175;

Germany,
177
–181,
261
,
269

map,
180

Moldavia and Wallachia,
200

Romania,
201

Russia,
218

self-determination,
247

Claudius, emperor,
17
–19

Clement VI, pope,
95
,
96