Being Miss America: Behind the Rhinestone Curtain (Discovering America) (30 page)

p. 86
.
and eventually sued
Penthouse
publisher Bob Guccione for printing them
. Williams, Williams, and Zutell,
You Have No Idea
, 67.

p. 86
.
And there would not be a Miss America pageant today
. Ades,
Miss America
.

p. 87
.
She was just the most verbal, bright, terrific seller
. Ades,
Miss America
.

p. 88
.
more than $45,000 to that end
. Kate Kitchen,
The Strength of Grace
(Greensboro, NC: Eastman Press, 2004), 198.

p. 89
.
“thirty-five to forty letters a day.”
Kitchen,
The Strength of Grace
, 198.

p. 90
.
or whether the crown was made of real diamonds
. Miss America Organization website (Kaye Lani Rae Rafko, 1988).

p. 90
.
“speaking out on the need for more nurses.”
Jeff Meade, “Kaye Lani: I Just Wanted to Be Me,”
Monroe Evening News
, September 15, 2007.

p. 90
.
my own hospice center for all terminally ill patients
. William Goldman,
Hype and Glory
(New York: Villard Books, 1990), 295–296.

p. 90
.
complications after a heart attack
. “Albert A. Marks, Jr.”
http://www.findagrave.com
.

NINE

p. 96
.
“winningest coach in the history of national collegiate debate.”
Wendy Leopold, “Scott Deatherage, Longtime Debate Coach, Dies at 47,” Northwestern University website, December 30, 2009.

p. 108
.
Instead of serving as a consumer culture icon of loveliness
. James Carroll, “A Beautiful Face on AIDS,”
Boston Globe
, May 26, 1998.

TEN

p. 114
.
Jeff Margolis took over as both producer and director
. “About,”
http:jeffmargolisproductions.com
.

p. 115
.
the most painfully detailed account of that night’s events
. Goldman,
Hype and Glory
, 276–297.

p. 117
.
“they have to look and act like their peers.”
Kari Huus, “Miss America Seeks Relevance and Ratings,” NBC News online, September 17, 2004.

p. 117
.
the crowning moment at the end of the show
. Huus, “Miss America Seeks Relevance.”

p. 120
.
“more than a mere beauty queen.”
Banet-Weiser,
The Most Beautiful Girl in the World
, 43.

p. 120
.
“when you’ve got this thing on top of your head?”
Michelle Tauber et al., “American Beauties: 80 Years,”
People
online, October 16, 2000.

p. 121
.
it should be eliminated from the judging criteria
. Tauber et al., “American Beauties.”

p. 121
.
“the so-called experts.”
Sarah Overstreet, “Miss America’s Swimsuit? So What?”
Seattle Times
online, September 1, 1990.

p. 121
.
thumbs-up to the swimsuit competition
. Bonnie J. Dow, “Forum: Feminism, Miss America, and Media Mythology,”
Rhetoric & Public Affairs
6 no. 1 (2003): 140.

p. 122
.
a memorably itsy-bitsy yellow version
. Stewart Mason, ALLMUSIC (allmusic.com), “Brian Hyland: Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini.”

p. 123
.
“permitted to visit casinos.”
Mildred Brick et al., “Mrs. John D. Feehan, The Sixth Chairman,”
Miss America National Hostess Committee: 1937–2000
(unpublished), p. 2.

p. 123
.
“They listened because of that fake crown.”
Tauber et al., “American Beauties.”

p. 124
.
“So don’t talk to me about two-piece swimsuits.”
Bill Kent, “Mr. Miss America,”
New York Times
online, September 13, 1998.

p. 124
.
no cash reserve at the beginning of his term
. Elaine Rose, “Miss America CEO Stepping Down,”
The Press of Atlantic City
, July 14, 1998, A4.

TWELVE

p. 141
.
“the Miss America Pageant’s Pygmalion.”
Ellen O’Brien and Mike Schurman, “Albert Marks, Miss American Leader,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, September 25, 1989.

p. 145
.
“a passive beauty queen to a motivated social activist.”
Rose, “Miss America CEO Stepping Down.”

p. 145
.
six-member search committee that interviewed the candidates
. Rose, “Miss America CEO Stepping Down.”

p. 146
.
“looking forward to training his replacement.”
Rose, “Miss America CEO Stepping Down.”

p. 148
.
enforcement of certain clauses
. Elaine Rose, “Miss A Squabbles Will Stay in the Public Eye,”
The Press of Atlantic City
, March 8, 2002.

p. 149
.
Beck was fired two weeks after the crowning
. Rose, “Miss A Squabbles.”

p. 149
.
a defendant in the case
. Rose, “Miss A Squabbles.”

p. 150
.
awarded Beck $80,000 in severance pay
. “Offstage Archive: People on PNB January–March 2003,” Pageant News Bureau (website).

p. 150
.
not a deal breaker for the pageant
. Michael Klein, “Talking with Robert Renneisen: Miss America Made a Believer of Him,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
online, July 23, 2000.

p. 151
.
“their perceptions can be changed forever.”
Klein, “Talking with Robert Renneisen.”

p. 152
.
“a pleading letter from her Miss America handlers.”
Steve Rubenstein, “A Goodwill Visit from Filipina Miss America: Honolulu Teacher in S.F. to Dispel Title’s Myths,”
San Francisco Chronicle
, November 9, 2000.

p. 152
.
the staff grew to include
. Mildred Brick et al., “Mrs. Corinne J. Sparenberg, The Seventh Chairman,”
Miss America National Hostess Committee: 1937–2000
(unpublished), p. 4.

p. 152
.
In 2000, total functional expenses were
. “Miss America Organization in Linwood, NJ,”
http://www.faqs.org/tax-exempt/NJ/Miss-America-Organization.html
.

p. 152
.
“the money that the pageant had is being thrown away.”
Oliver Poole, “Miss America Competition Faces Bankruptcy Threat,”
Telegraph
, April 14, 2002,
www.telegraph.co.uk
.

p. 154
.
ultimately the pageant did not get the requested funding
. Alex Kuczynski, “State Pageants at War with Miss America Organization,”
New York Times
, February 16, 2002.

p. 154
.
it had actually been Renneisen himself
. Jake Tapper, “Brains 1, Barbie 0,”
Salon
, September 25, 2002.

p. 155
.
post-crowning party at the Trump Taj Mahal
. Tapper, “Brains 1, Barbie 0.”

p. 155
.
“
‘get the hell out’ of the Miss America organization.”
Steven V. Cronin, “States Say Renneisen Fired First Shot,”
Press of Atlantic City
, February 14, 2002.

p. 155
.
“They normally suffer in silence.”
Cronin, “States Say Renneisen Fired First Shot.”

p. 157
.
“trying to put it all in Katie’s mouth.”
Kuczynski, “State Pageants at War with Miss America Organization.”

p. 158
.
the “many masters” the executive was obligated to please
. Steven V. Cronin, “Miss A Pageant Holds Out for a Hero,”
Press of Atlantic City
, March 3, 2002.

p. 159
.
“a modern, transparent enterprise that is run openly, pro
fessionally, and peacefully?”
“More Miss America Turmoil: Time for Change,”
Press of Atlantic City
, March 3, 2002.

p. 159
.
the board appointed vice president George Bauer
. Cronin, “Miss A Pageant Holds Out for a Hero.”

p. 159
.
“and I’m going to tap into it.”
Cronin, “Miss A Pageant Holds Out for a Hero.”

p. 160
.
“refused to return phone calls to both contractors and major sponsors.”
Elaine Rose, “Contractor Joins Complaints about Miss A Organization,”
Press of Atlantic City
, February 14, 2002.

p. 161
.
tremendous animosity from the public
. Michael Pritchard, “Miss A Taking Heat from Locals after Money Push,”
Press of Atlantic City
, December 21, 2001.

p. 161
.
there were those who felt a shakedown was happening
. Pritchard, “Miss A Taking Heat from Locals after Money Push.”

p. 161
.
rather cheap swipe at Rob Beck
. Steven V. Cronin, “Pageant, Miss A Say the Honeymoon Was Never Sour,”
Press of Atlantic City
, February 16, 2002.

p. 162
.
resign her position as Miss North Carolina 2002
. Katherine Seigenthaler, “Miss America Pageant Still Suffers Fatal Flaws,”
Chicago Tribune
, August 7, 2002.

p. 163
.
“Begin-and-Sadat style.”
Tapper, “Brains 1, Barbie 0.”

p. 163
.
the pageant essentially kicked Revels to the curb
. “Original Miss N.C. Loses Tiara Tug of War,”
Good Morning America
, September 13, 2002.

p. 163
.
she had still been reinstated in North Carolina
. “Original Miss N.C. Loses Tiara Tug of War.”

p. 163
.
claims that she was illegally barred from taking part
. Nancy McCleary, “Thieves Take Pageant Crowns from Former Miss North Carolina,”
Fayetteville Observer
, January 28, 2011.

p. 163
.
in the parade of former titleholders on its website
. “Miss North Carolina: History,”
http://missnc.org/?page_id=14
.

p. 164
.
ultimately deciding on Harvard
. “Abstinence Advocate Is New Miss America!”
Eagle Forum: Education Reporter
, October 2, 2002, no. 201.

p. 165
.
“making proper sexual decisions.”
John W. Kennedy, “Erika Harold: Miss America for Such a Time as This,”
Pentecostal Evangel
, 2003.

p. 165
.
future assets to her stated plans to run for public office
. “Abstinence Rally Rocks Chicago,”
Eagle Forum: Education Reporter
, January 1999, no. 156.

p. 165
.
“pooled money to buy a gun and kill her.”
Kate Shindle, “Virgin with a Vengeance,”
POZ
, May 2003.

p. 167
.
asserted that she was “being muzzled.”
George Archibald, “Pageant Permits Promotion of Chastity: Miss America Now Free to Tout Issue,”
Washington Times
, October 10, 2002.

p. 167
.
“promote the healthy message of abstinence until marriage.”
Lara Riscol, “Miss America’s Stealth Virginity Campaign,”
Salon
, October 28, 2002.

p. 168
.
“went out of her way to hide any information about abstinence.”
Shindle, “Virgin with a Vengeance.”

p. 168
.
the relationship between teen sexual activity and youth violence
. Archibald, “Pageant Permits Promotion of Chastity.”

p. 169
.
“And that woman is Erika Harold.”
Tapper, “Brains 1, Barbie 0.”

p. 169
.
a generally unflattering piece about the pageant
. Olivia Barker, “Miss America and Me, the ‘52nd Contestant.’
”
USA Today
, September 19, 2002.

p. 171
.
or contestants struggle to collect the scholarships they’ve won
. Jennifer 8. Lee, “Winners Cite Broken Promises in Pageants,”
New York Times
, September 24, 2007.

p. 171
.
Local winners across the country have threatened legal action
. Lee, “Winners Cite Broken Promises in Pageants.”

p. 173
.
“Don’t mess with it.”
Jason Spencer, “Judge Alleges Unethical Behavior at Miss SC,”
Spartanburg Herald Journal
, July 7, 2010.

p. 173
.
Sanders and his wife, Gail, were “retiring.”
Linda Conley, “Sanders Retiring after 50 Years as Miss SC Director,”
Spartanburg Herald Journal
, July 11, 2010.

p. 174
.
“We’ll be happy to look into it.”
Spencer, “Judge Alleges Unethical Behavior.”

THIRTEEN

p. 182
.
“Miss America must continue to appear ten times a year.”
Jeffrey Gettleman, “There She Isn’t: Miss America Pageant Leaves Atlantic City,”
New York Times
, August 26, 2005.

p. 186
.
TLC wants to pay less to televise the show
. Oskar Garcia, “TLC Drops Miss America Pageant,”
Huffington Post
, March 1, 2010.

p. 188
.
“She has performed in a prison!”
“Leigh-Taylor Smith on Miss America—Kerrigan-Lowdermilk’s Say the Word,” Kerrigan-
Lowdermilk (video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5VUyAq8Bqw
).

p. 189
.
one young lady after another, assembly-line style
. “Pageant Confidential: The Road to Miss America,”
20/20
(video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNbdsdVBcMU
).

p. 190
.
applying the glue itself is “an art.”
Ellie Krupnick, “Miss America Beauty Secrets: Butt Glue and Lots of Tape,”
Huffington Post
, January 11, 2013.

FOURTEEN

p. 196
.
ABC paid a reported $5.6 million
. Michael Schneider, “ABC Gets Back with Miss America,”
Variety
, May 23, 2010.

p. 198
.
anti-bullying and self-esteem initiatives
. “Miss Teen USA: Charities,”
http://www.missuniverse.com/missteenusa/charities/index
.