Brain Buys (43 page)

sonar

songbirds

soul, as innate presumption of children

South Africa

special theory of relativity

Spielberg, Steven

spinal cord

spirituality:

brain surgery and

neural basis of

see also
religion; supernatural beliefs

sports:

referee decision making in

spectator, as evolutionary by-product

status quo bias

stem-cell research

stereotyping

stimuli:

conditioned

unconditioned

stopped clock illusion (chronostasis)

storage systems:

digital

mechanism vs. codes in

strokes, neurological effects of

stump, phantom limb syndrome and

Sunstein, Cass

supernatural beliefs

adaptive value of

curiosity and

fear compared to

innate propensity for

as maladaptive

reason overridden by

see also
religion; spirituality

Swan, Rita

synapses

description of

excitatory vs. inhibitory

Hebb’s rule for

long-term potentiation of

variable strength of

see also
neurons, neural system

synaptic memories,
see
synapses, variable strength of

synaptic plasticity

tamarin monkeys

taste-aversion, conditioned

taxes

television, advertising on

Temperament and Character Inventory

temporal distortions

bias toward relative vs. absolute differences in

brain imaging studies of

estimation errors in

flash-lag effect in

monkey experiments on

saccade blindness in

of sensory input

short-time-scale

temporal discounting

temporal lobes

temporal proximity, in classical conditioning

terrorism, fear of

Thaler, Richard

therapists:

biases of

“repressed” memories and

Thompson, Jennifer

time, biological computation of

circadian clocks in

as different for differing time scales

neurons in

time, sense of

see also
temporal distortions

Tinbergen, Niko

tinnitus

tobacco industry

touch, sense of

see also
somatosensory system

Toward the End of Time
(Updike)

Toxoplasma gondii

transcription

transistors

Turing, Alan

Turing test

Tversky, Amos

Twitchell, Robyn

two-alternative forced choice

unconditioned response

unconditioned stimulus

Updike, John

vaccination, autism and

Vega, Suzanne

ventriloquists

ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Vicenza, Italy

vision, color discrimination in

visual cortex

auditory cortex linked to

as largest cortical area

visual illusions

visual searches, parallel (automatic) vs. serial (conscious) strategies in

vos Savant, Marilyn

voting:

location bias in

see also
democracy

Wallace, Alfred

warfare:

and evolution of altruism

as omnipresent in primate evolution

Watson, James

Wearing, Clive

Web robots

Williams-Sonoma

Wilson, David Sloan

Wilson, E. O.

women, smoking by

Woods, Tiger

World Cup (soccer)

World Memory Championships

World Wide Web

xenophobia

Yates, Andrea

Zauberman, Gal