6
. William H. Whyte,
The organization Man
(Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002), 46–47, 14.
7
. Tom Rath and Donald O. Clifton,
How Full Is Your Bucket? Positive Strategies for Work and Life
(New York: Gallup Press, 2004), 47.
8
. Quoted on the American Management Association’s Web site, [http://www.amanet.org/books/book.cfm?isbn=9780814405826] http://www.amanet.org/books/book.cfm?isbn=9780814405826.
9
. T. Harv Eker,
Secrets of the Millionaire Mind: Mastering the Inner Game of Wealth
(New York: HarperBusiness, 2005), 101.
10. Jeffrey Gitomer,
Little Gold Book of YES!
(Upper Saddle River: FT Press, 2007), 138.
11. [http://guruknowledge.org/articles/255/1/The-Power-of-Negative-Thinking/The-Power-of-Negative-Thinking.html] http://guruknowledge.org/articles/255/1/The-Power-of-Negative-Thinking/The-Power-of-Negative-Thinking.html.
12. Gitomer,
Little Gold Book
, 45.
13. Judy Braley, “Creating a Positive Attitude,” [http://ezinearticles.com/?CreatingaPositiveAttitude&id=759618] http://ezinearticles.com/?CreatingaPositiveAttitude&id=759618.
14. Quoted in [http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/The-Secret(2006-film)] http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/The-Secret(2006-film).
15. Rhonda Byrne,
The Secret
(New York: Atria Books/Beyond Words, 2006), 116.
16. Jerry Adler, “Decoding ‘The Secret,’ ”
Newsweek
, March 5, 2007.
17. Eker,
Secrets
, 67; Vitale quoted in Byrne,
The Secret
, 48.
18. Catherine L. Albanese,
A Republic of Mind and Spirit: A Cultural History of American Metaphysical Religion
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007), 7.
19.
Larry King Live
, CNN, Nov. 2, 2006.
20. [http://www.globalpsychics.com/empoweringyou/practicalmagic/prosperity.shtml] http://www.globalpsychics.com/empoweringyou/practicalmagic/prosperity.shtml.
21. Michael J. Losier,
Law of Attraction: The Science of Attracting More of What You Want and Less of What You Don’t
(Victoria: Michael J. Losier Enterprises, 2006), 13.
22. Napoleon Hill,
Think and Grow Rich! (
San Diego: Aventine Press, 2004), 21.
23. Michael Shermer, “The (Other) Secret,”
Scientific American
, July 2007, 39.
24. Byrne,
The Secret
, 21.
25. [http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Law-of-Attraction-and-Quantum-Physics&id=223148] http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Law-of-Attraction-and-Quantum-Physics&id=223148.
26. Michael Shermer, “Quantum Quackery,”
Scientific American,
Dec. 20, 2004.
27. Byrne,
The Secret
, 88.
THREE. The Dark Roots of American Optimism
1
. Ann Douglas,
The Feminization of American Culture
(New York: Avon, 1977), 145.
2
. Thomas Hooker, quoted in Perry Miller, ed.,
The American Puritans: Their Prose and Poetry
(New York: Columbia University Press, 1982), 154.
3
. Miller,
American Puritans
, 241.
4
. Quoted in Noel L. Brann, “The Problem of Distinguishing Religious Guilt from Religious Melancholy in the English Renaissance,”
Journal of the Rocky Mountain Medieval and Renaissance Association
(1980): 70.
5
. Julius H. Rubin,
Religious Melancholy and Protestant Experience in America
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), 161.
6
. Max Weber,
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism
(New York: Dover, 2003), 168.
7
. William Bradford, quoted in Stephen Fender and Arnold Goldman, eds.,
American Literature in Context
(New York: Routledge, 1983), 45.
8
. Personal communication, Jan. 10, 2009.
9
. Quoted in Catherine L. Albanese,
A Republic of Mind and Spirit: A Cultural History of American Metaphysical Religion
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007), 165.
10. Quoted in Albanese,
Republic of Mind and Spirit
, 167.
11. Quoted in Gillian Gill,
Mary Baker Eddy
(Cambridge: Perseus, 1998), 43.
12. Quoted in Caroline Fraser,
God’s Perfect Child: Living and Dying in the Christian Science Church
(New York: Metropolitan, 1999), 34.
13. Quoted in Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English,
For Her Own Good: 150 Years of the Experts’ Advice to Women
(New York: Anchor, 1989), 103.
14. Douglas,
Feminization
, 170.
15. Quoted in Anne Harrington,
The Cure Within: A History of Mind-Body Medicine
(New York: Norton, 2008), 112.
16. Douglas,
Feminization
, 170.
17. Barbara Sicherman, “The Paradox of Prudence: Mental Health in the Gilded Age,”
Journal of American History
62 (1976): 880–912.
18. Quoted in Douglas,
Feminization
, 104.
19. Gill,
Mary Baker Eddy
, 33.
20. Quoted in Robert D. Richardson,
William James: In the Maelstrom of American Modernism
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006), 86.
21. Roy M. Anker,
Self-Help and popular Religion in Early American Culture: An Interpretive Guide
(Westport: Greenwood Press, 1999), 190.
22. Gill,
Mary Baker Eddy
, 128.
23. Richardson,
William James
, 275.
24. William James,
The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature
(New York: Modern Library, 2002), 109.
28. Quoted in Fraser,
God’s Perfect Child
, 195.
29. Micki McGee,
Self-Help, Inc.: Make over Culture in American Life
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), 142.
30. [http://www.bripblap.com/2007/stoppingnegativethoughts/] http://www.bripblap.com/2007/stoppingnegativethoughts/.
31. Napoleon Hill,
Think and Grow Rich!
(San Diego: Aventine Press, 2004), 52, 29, 71, 28, 30, 74.
32. Norman Vincent Peale, back cover quote on Fenwicke Holmes,
Ernest Holmes: His Life and Times
(New York Dodd, Mead, 1970), [http://self-improvement-ebooks.com/books/ehhlat.php] http://self-improvement-ebooks.com/books/ehhlat.php.
33. Norman Vincent Peale,
The Positive Principle Today
(New York: Random House, 1994), 289.
34. Donald Meyer,
The Positive Thinkers: popular Religious Psychology from Mary Baker Eddy to Norman Vincent Peale and Ronald Reagan (
Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 1998), 268.
35. Norman Vincent Peale,
The Power of Positive Thinking
(New York: Random House, 1994), 28.
36. T. Harv Eker,
Secrets of the Millionaire Mind
(New York: Harper Business, 2005), 94.
37. Quoted in McGee,
Self-Help, Inc
., 143.
39. Jeffrey Gitomer,
Little Gold Book
, 164.
42. Quoted in Meyer,
Positive Thinkers
, 80.
FOUR. Motivating Business and the Business of Motivation
1
. Steven Winn, “Overcome that Gnawing Fear of Success! Seize Your Share of the American Dream! You—Yes, You, Ma’am—Can Do It, at a One-Day Gathering
That’s Equal Parts Boot Camp, Tent Revival, Pep Rally and Group Therapy,”
San Francisco Chronicle,
May 24, 2004.
2
. Rick Romell, “Selling Motivation Amounts to Big Business: Self-Help Guru Finds Success Again with His New Firm,”
Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
online, May 21, 2007.
3
. Jonathan Black,
Yes You Can! Behind the Hype and Hustle of the Motivation Biz
(NY: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2006).
4
. William Lee Miller, “Some Negative Thinking about Norman Vincent Peale,” originally published in
Reporter
, Jan. 13, 1955, [http://george.loper.org/trends/2005/Aug/955.html] http://george.loper.org/trends/2005/Aug/955.html.
5
. Rob Spiegel, “The Hidden Rule of Positive Thinking,” [http://www.businessknowhow.com/startup/hidden.htm] www.businessknowhow.com/startup/hidden.htm.
6
. Carol V. R. George,
God’s Salesman: Norman Vincent Peale and the Power of Positive Thinking
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), 233.
7
. George,
God’s Salesman
, 124.
8
. Stephanie Saul, “Gimme an Rx! Cheerleaders Pep Up Drug Sales,”
New York Times,
Nov. 28, 2005.
9
. Jerry Pounds, “The Great Motivational Myth,” [http://www.managementissues.com/2006/5/25/opinion/the-great-motivational-myth.asp] http://www.managementissues.com/2006/5/25/opinion/the-great-motivational-myth.asp.
10. Karl Vick, “Team-Building or Torture? Court Will Decide,”
Washington Post,
April 13, 2008.
11. Robin Leidner,
Fast Food, Fast Talk: service Work and the Routinization of Everyday Life
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993), 65, 100–101, 104.
12. Stephen Butterfield,
Amway: The Cult of Free Enterprise
(Boston: South End Press, 1985), 100.
14. Jonathan Black,
Yes You Can!,
180.
15. Quoted in Rakesh Khurana,
From Higher Aims to Hired Hands: The Social Transformation of American Business Schools and the Unfulfilled Promise of Management as a Profession
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007), 303.
16. Khurana,
From Higher Aims
, 320–21, 325.
17. Clive Thompson, “Apocalypse Now: As the Year 2000 Approaches, Politicians and Business Leaders Are Getting Ready for the End of the World. Things Have Never Looked Better,”
Canadian Business and Current Affairs
, Jan. 1996, 29–33.
18. Jennifer Reingold and Ryan Underwood, “Was
Built to Last
Built to Last?”
Fast Company
, Nov. 2004, 103.
19. Michelle Conlin, “Religion in the Workplace,”
BusinessWeek,
Nov. 1, 1999, 150.
20. Craig Lambert, “The Cult of the Charismatic CEO,”
Harvard Magazine,
Sept.–Oct. 2002.
21. Dennis Toruish and Ashly Pinnington, “Transformational Leadership, Corporate Cultism, and the Spirituality Paradigm: An Unholy Trinity in the Workplace?”
Human Relations
55 (2002): 147.
22. Conlon, “Religion in the Workplace.”
23. Gay Hendricks and Kate Ludeman,
The Corporate Mystic: A Guidebook for Visionaries with Their Feet on the Ground
(New York: Bantam, 1996), xvii.
24. Frank Rose and Wilton Woods, “A New Age for Business?”
Fortune,
Oct. 8, 1990, 157.
25. Thompson, “Apocalypse Now.”
26. Mark Gimein, “Now That We Live in a Tom Peters World . . . Has Tom Peters Gone Crazy?”
Fortune
, Nov. 13, 2000.
27. Jack Welch, with John A. Byrne,
Jack: Straight from the Gut
(New York: Business Plus, 2003), 436.
28. Jeffrey E. Lewin and Wesley J. Johnston, “Competitiveness,”
Competitiveness Review
, Jan. 1, 2000.
29. Louis Uchitelle,
The Disposable American: Layoffs and Their Consequences
(New York: Knopf, 2006)
,
x.
30. Henry S. Farber, “What Do We Know about Job Loss in the United States? Evidence from the Displaced Workers’ Survey, 1984–2005,” Working Paper 498, Princeton University Industrial Relations Section, Jan. 5, 2005.
31. Quoted in Carrie M. Lane, “A Company of One: White-Collar Unemployment in a Global Economy,” unpublished ms., 131.
32. Quoted in Gaenor Vaida, “The Guru’s Guru,”
Sunday Times
(South Africa), July 6, 2003.
33. Lloyd Grove, “The Power of Positive Buying; Feeling Unmotivated? This Mug’s for You,”
Washington Post,
Dec. 31, 1994.
34. [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:_icxqiKivO0J] http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:_icxqiKivO0J; [http://www.workplacecoaching.com/pdf/HistoryofCoaching.pdf+%22history+of+coaching%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us2] www.workplacecoaching.com/pdf/HistoryofCoaching.pdf+%22history+of+coaching%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us2.
35. Richard Reeves, “Let’s Get Motivated,”
Time
, May 2, 1994.
36. Lloyd Grove, “Power Of Positive Buying.”
37. William A. Davis, “Stores Cash in on Selling Success,”
Boston Globe,
Aug. 1, 1994.