Cleopatra (42 page)
Authors: Joyce Tyldesley
Alexander I (
c.
495–450)
30
Alexander III the Great, King of Egypt (332–323)
30
,
106
,
121
,
131
,
145
,
163
,
209
,
242
n
7
,
248
n
8
,
257
n
6
reveres Dionysos
12
marches to confront Darius III
219
defeats Darius at Issus (333)
221
Egypt surrenders to him (332/1)
2
,
71
,
219
,
221
Egyptian coronation
133
semi-divinity
132–3
ambitious plans for Egypt
219
visits the Zeus-Ammon oracle
133
,
195
purported to have been embalmed
195
kidnapping and display of his body
73–4
,
221
fragmented empire
222
end of his dynastic line
222
Alexander IV, King of Egypt (316–304)
221
posthumous son of Alexander the Great
220
possible remains of
220–21
Alexander Romance, The
(Pseudo-Callisthenes)
73
,
132
,
194
Alexandra (Herod’s mother-in-law)
167
Alexandria
development of
77
kidnapping and display of Alexander’s body in (323)
221
coronation of Ptolemy I Soter I (304)
75
,
221
Jewish population
77
,
79
,
88
,
97
,
141
temple and cult to Homer
226
rival court of Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II
229
Romans prevent fall to the Syrians
229
Ptolemy XI killed by Alexandrians (80)
11
,
78
,
234
civil disturbances over taxation
37
grain crisis (50)
46
Caesar’s miniature invasion (48)
51–2
isolation from Egypt proper
78
Palaces district
79
,
80
,
82
,
91
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
97
a vibrant city
83
excessive drinking and casual sex
84–5
festivals and processions
85–7
religion
87–90
proclaims Arsinoë IV queen of Egypt
96
Alexandrians’ curious request to Caesar
96
surrenders to Caesar (47)
97
,
155
Cleopatra VII’s unpopularity
48
,
97
Cleopatra returns from Rome (44)
108
Antony relaxes in
155–6
Cleopatra and Antony spend winter in (35/4)
166
mummies found in
196
fall of
203
earthquakes and subsidence
80
,
81
loss of Ptolemaic Alexandria
5
Franco-Egyptian underwater excavation of
90–91
Alexandria mint
140
Alexandrian Wars
95–7
,
101
,
141
,
237
Algeria
199
Ali, Mohamed
92
Amen
68
,
111
,
121
,
129
,
132
,
133
,
134
,
222
,
248
n
18
Amyntas of Lycaonia
177
Amyot, Jacques
213
Ankhnesmerypepi II (queen consort)
241
n
2
Ankhwennefer (Theban counter-pharaoh)
227
Antigonid empire
222
Antigonos ‘the One-Eyed’, King of Macedon
209
,
222
Antiochos III of Syria
25
,
226
,
227
,
228
Antiochos IV
229
Antiochos VIII
242
n
2
Antiochos IX
242
n
2
Antiochos X
242
n
2
Anton (a son of Heracles)
146
Antonia (Antony’s daughter)
148
Antonia (Antony’s second wife)
148
Antonia Maior (Antony’s daughter)
159
Antonia Minor (Antony’s daughter)
159
Antoninus Pius, Emperor
121
family background
145–6
military life
146
marriages
147–8
and Caesarion’s parentage
101
Caesar refuses his offer of a royal diadem tied with a lauyrel wreath
106–7
second triumvirate
143
controls Gaul and eastern provinces
144
financial matters
144–5
,
148
,
149
,
154
,
173
religious honour
145
appearance
146
feasts with Cleopatra in Tarsus
149–54
bargains with Cleopatra
154–5
orders execution of Arsinoë IV (41)
155
,
236
relaxes in Alexandria
155–6
a famous joker
156
Octavian erodes support for him in Rome
158
and Treaty of Brundisium
159
marries Octavia
159
settles in Athens
159
agreement to renew the triumvirate
161
negotiations with Cleopatra (37/6)
162
acknowledges the twins
162–3
Parthian humiliation
164
meets Cleopatra at Leuce Come, then retires to Alexandria
164
public rejection of Octavia
165
relationship with Octavian breaks down
165–6
,
169
,
171
,
173
reputation plummets
166
Dionysiac celebration in Alexandria
167–8
divorces Octavia
174
stripped of his titles by the Roman Senate
175
battle of Actium
176–80
failed attempts to influence Octavian
184
,
185
abandonment by his gods
185
,
255
n
12
loses battle with Octavian (30)
186
commits suicide, dying in Cleopatra’s arms
186–7
Cleopatra visits his tomb
190
,
195
interpretations of him since his death
206–10
De Sua Ebrietate (‘On His Sobriety)
173
Antyllus, Marcus Antonius
148
,
161
,
182
,
184
,
199
Anubeion, Sakkara necropolis
130
Anubis (jackal-headed god)
117
,
130
,
208
Apame
226
Apamea
166
Aphrodite/Isis
170
Apis bull
43
,
89
,
129
,
130
,
138
,
203
Apollo Tortor
173
Apophis (serpent)
193
The Civil Wars
209
Appollonius:
Argonautica
82
Apuleius, Lucius:
The Golden Ass
(trans. William Adlington)
124–5
Archelaos of Cappadocia
177
,
202
Archibios
58
Ariadne
189
Aristarchus
82–3
Aristobulus
167
Armant Montu temple
119
Arrian
72–3
marriage to Lysimachos of Thrace
224
masterminds death of Agathocles
224–5
marriage to Ptolemy Ceraunos
25
,
225
Ceraunos has her sons by Lysimachos murdered
225
marriage to Ptolemy II
25
,
46
,
133
,
224
,
225
influence on the developing role of the queen
225
deified after her death
67
,
88
,
134–6
,
225
Arsinoë IV, Queen of Egypt (47)
8
,
27
,
95
,
110
,
235
her tutor-guardian (Ganymede)
32
,
96
,
104
proclaimed Queen of Egypt by Alexandrians
96
proclaimed Queen of Cyprus by Julius Caesar
58
,
236
rules Egypt during civil war
236
captured and exiled to Ephesus
104
,
144
,
236
executed on the order of Antony
155
,
236
Arsinoë VI
198
Arsinoeion, Alexandria
88
Arsinoite nome
135
Artakama, Princess
222
Artavasdes, King of Armenia
167
Artaxerxes III
132
Aset
see
Isis
Ashkelon
48–9
Asia
144
