Constantinople: The Last Great Siege, 1453 (51 page)

BOOK: Constantinople: The Last Great Siege, 1453
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Caesar, Julius
1
,
2

Cafer Bey
1

Cairo
1

Caligaria Gate
1
,
2
,
3

Camariotes, Mathew
1

Campi, Jacopo de
1

Candia, Crete
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

cannon
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6

manufacture
7

Murat breaches the Hexamilion with long cannon
1

bronze vs. forged iron
1

Ottomans able to cast medium-sized barrels on the battlefield
1
,
2

repair of
1

barrels tailor-made to available ammunition
1

Orban’s guns
1
,
2

firing
1

transporting
1

Therapia attack
1

Orban’s supergun (the Basilica)
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

number of
1

preparing
1

effect of cannon fire
1

of the defenders
1

drawbacks
1

firing strategy
1

used by defenders as huge shotguns
1

light
1

creation of cannon with looping trajectory
1
,
2

statistics of bombardment
1

first attack
1

in the modern city
1

cannonneers
1

Cantacuzenos, Demetrios
1
,
2
,
3

carracks
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6

Catalan consul
1

Catalans
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7

catapults
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

Catholic Church

start of the Great Schism
1

compared with the Orthodox
1

rift over the Nicene Creed
1

and potential unity with the Orthodox
1

Council of Florence (1438 )
1

cavalry (Ottoman)
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6

household
7

given their battle orders
1

heavy
1

light
1

Central Asia
1
,
2
,
3

Chalcocondylas
1
,
2
,
3

Champagne, Marshal of
1

charcoal
1
,
2
,
3

Charles VII, King of France
1

chavushes
(Mehmet’s military police)
1
,
2

Chelebi, Evliya
1

Chios
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6

Chora Monastery
1

Chosroes, King of Persia
1

Christian I, King of Denmark and Norway
1

Christianity

struggle with Islam for the true faith
1
,
2

Christians protected by Islam as ‘People of the

Book’
1

schismatic Christian sects
1

symbol of Islamic triumph over Christianity
1

see also
crusades

Chroniates, Nicetas
1
,
2

Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem
1

Circus Gate (Wooden Gate), Constantinople
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
9

Clermont sermon (1095)
1

Coco, Giacomo
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

Columbus, Christopher
1

Commynes, Philippe de
1

Constantine the Great, column of, Constantinople
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

Constantine the Great, Emperor
1
,
2

vision of a cross before the Milvian Bridge battle
3

chooses Constantinople for his new Christian

capital (AD 324)
1
,
2
,
3

construction of the city
1

doctrinal disputes
1

Constantine XI, Emperor

birth (1405)
1

background
1
,
2

ceremonial title
1

unenviable inheritance
1
,
2

appearance
1

personality
1

breaching of the Hexamilion (1446)
1

accession (1449)
1

as Despot of Morea
1
,
2

vows of vassalage to the Sultan
1

attempts to forge a dynastic marriage
1

sends envoys to Italy (1451)
1
,
2

during the building of Rumeli Hisari
1
,
2

supports union of the two churches
1
,
2

lack of coronation at St Sophia
1

prepares for the city’s defence (winter of 1452 )
1

council of war with Giustiniani
1

tries to maintain the city’s morale
1

deeply alarmed by attack
1

peace proposal
1
,
2

strained by the attritional fighting
1

and search for signs of a rescue fleet
1
,
2

forces Ottoman cavalry back
1

and mining threat
1

advised to leave the city, and collapses
1

Mehmet’s offer
1

orders unblocking of Circus Gate
1

prepares for a supreme effort
1

told of Giustiniani’s wounding
1

rallies the people to work together
1

pre-battle speech
1

headquarters in central section
1

service in St Sophia
1

defence of the city
1

death of
1
,
2
,
3

unknown fate
1

Constantinople

chosen as Constantine’s new Christian capital (324)
1
,
2
,
3

capital of the Byzantine Empire
1

the front line in the Christianity vs. Islam struggle
1

origin of the holy war
1

splendour of
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

bronze horses removed to Venice
1
,
2
,
3

relics of Christendom
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5

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