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Authors: Benjamin Appel

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He folded the leaflet along its creases and put it inside his coat pocket. His face was pale, his dark brown eyebrows like streaks of coal on his forehead, his lips were squeezed so tight that they too had whitened. Yet this second leaflet hadn’t torn at him like the first one. Maybe, because he had always expected to read such a leaflet, printed on cheap green paper, unsigned, anonymous, blasting at him by name, mocking at his Jewishness. Since his school days, he had heard the yip-ping cry, “Jew”; “kike, mocky, sheeny, Christ-killer,” the mouths had spewed at him over the years; now it was printed on green paper. “I’m getting popular,” he said. “How’d you get this filth?”

“I sent one of the office boys up to Harlem this morning to buy the Negro papers — ”

“Wanted to read their side? God, but you’re a lively little dame when you start moving. I could have told you that
The People’s Advocate
and the other Negro paper don’t appear until the middle of the week.”

“Anyway, the office boy brought this leaflet back. He said dozens of men and women were passing them out. They didn’t want to give him one at first — ”

“Because he was white, huh? Say, how many people know about me in your office? I don’t like it one bit.”

“You’re in every paper. It’s no secret. The girls in the office know about you and me. What am I to do? Deny it now? Sam, let’s not bicker.”

“Okay. What about the Vincent leaflet? Were the same people passing them out?”

“No. You ought to be ashamed of yourself for saying a thing like that. The All-Negro Harlem Committee wouldn’t — ”

“I’m asking you a question.”

“I’ve answered you. The Vincent leaflet was a yellow colored one.”

The yellow leaflet and the green leaflet sailed across his brain. Suzy was talking to him, advising him but what she said sounded faraway. The yellow leaflet and the green leaflet danced in his inner eye, flung from a thousand black hands. All the emotions, the hates, the calls to action behind the two leaflets had insulated him from Suzy’s voice. He was alone with the two leaflets. The All-Negro Harlem Committee had branded him gestapo cop and summoned Harlem to a mass meeting. That rankled. The green leaflet didn’t hurt half as much. “I won’t take a raw deal from anybody, not even from Councilman Vincent,” he said.

“I’m not blaming you, honey, but don’t get bitter.”

“I’m not taking a raw deal, not even from Negroes. I’m no little Red angel.”

“Nobody wants you to take a raw deal — ”

“I won’t. This afternoon I’m due at Headquarters. You know for what. I’m going to meet the Deputy Inspector, the Chief Inspector, all the big-shots. You know what they’re going to tell me? That I’m a good cop. And I am a good cop. They’re going to tell me I’ve got guts, that I used my head and saved O’Riordan’s life and my own life. That’s next on the program. The congratulations. It’s a custom. Suzy, what am I raving for? But that’s what’s so wrong. It’s all a custom, a custom for the whites to hate Negroes and for the Negroes to hate us. I’m shooting my mouth off. Suzy, honest to God, deep inside of me I know I did the right thing.”

They neared Printer’s Square. The statue of Benjamin Franklin, tarnished and specked by the grey pigeons, grey as the streets, loomed high and serene above the business crowds. North of the statue, the entrance to Brooklyn Bridge was like a giant jaw out of which ceaseless cars were emerging and entering. Suzy piloted Sam through the traffic on the avenue over to the benches in City Hall Park. Behind them were the green lawns, the court buildings; on the park walks, lawyers, plaintiffs and defendants were having their shoes polished by old men in caps and tousled-haired kids. “Let’s sit down awhile,” Suzy said. “And then you can phone Ellis.”

“I wonder what he’ll think.”

“Sam, how does that Stick Together leaflet strike you?”

“What do you mean?”

“Who’s behind it?”

“Some anti-white, anti-Jew outfit. Harlem’s full of crank outfits.”

“So you think it’s a crank outfit?”

“Of course.”

She took the green leaflet out of the suede pocketbook. She read: “ ‘Our enemy isn’t only the Jew cop Miller’.”

“What are you driving at, kid?”

“I’ve read those choice lines a dozen times. That line about Jewish bankers — ”

“You’re over sensitive about the Jews because of me.”

“Maybe?”

“You are. That leaflet’s against the Italians and the Irish. It’s against all the whites that Harlem has any dealings with.”

“It’s a pretty slick job at dividing the races,” she admitted. “Crank outfits from what you’ve told me aren’t so slick. This leaflet has its side dish of red herring, too. ‘Red Uncle Tom Negroes.’ And for the payoff: ‘We real Negroes must stick together against this white man’s (bogus) democracy’.”

“Well?”

“Some fascist organization put that leaflet out, Sam.”

“You’re crazy. The F.B.I.’s shut them all up.”

“If that were so, you wouldn’t be reading of new round-ups and new indictments.”

“That’s the trouble with you, Suzy. You believe all the scarehead literature you read. You read stuff a lot of those half baked intellectuals are always printing in their Nations and New Masses. Where do they get all their information? You’re half baked like all of them. Always seeing ghosts. Things aren’t perfect but — ” He stopped, acutely aware that she was waiting for him to finish blowing off steam. He knew that she could sit like that, her grey eyes level and calm, for another fifteen minutes, for an hour if she had to. He felt silly. “Let’s phone Johnny,” he said.

They crossed over to a stationery store and he went inside one of the phone booths. Dialing Johnny’s number, he smiled at Suzy outside the door. She was looking in at him, her maroon feather jaunty on her hat. Her light brown hair gleamed and a ray of light touched her small ears. Delicately modeled like sea shells, her ears glowed pink and translucent. She lifted her fingers to her lips and threw him a kiss. “Your lipstick’s a gonner,” he said as a man’s voice at the other end of the wire cut in with a gruff hello. “I’d like to speak to Johnny Ellis,” Sam said.

“He’s workin’ now, mister. What do you think this is?”

“It’s very important. He left word for me to call — ”

“He can save his calls for Harlem.”

“Please.”

“Hold on.”

Sam opened the door. He covered the mouthpiece with his hand. “They’re getting Johnny.”

“I’m excited.”

“No, just hungry. That lunch — ” Johnny’s voice slid through the wire, deep and slow as he had remembered it.

“Hel-lo,” Johnny said.

“Hello. This is Sam. Sam Miller. How are you?”

“Hel-lo, Sam. How’s the boy?”

“Okay, Johnny. I just heard you phoned me or I would’ve called before. Johnny — Hell — Maybe we ought to get together. It’s hard on a phone.”

“Sure. I spoke to Hal Clair. Do you know who he is?”

“No.”

“He’s a Negro. He’s secretary of the Harlem Equality League. I guess you’ve heard of them. Anyway, I told Clair that I knew you and that I didn’t think you were what you were being made out to be. You know. All that Gestapo stuff. Clair was interested. He said he’d like to meet you, to talk to you. But he said there was some kind of a po-lice rule preventing a po-liceman from — ”

“That’s right. It’s a regulation.”

“I don’t know what you can do about it but Harlem’s — I don’t have to tell you Harlem’s cooking. Shucks, if you could get to see Clair before the mass meeting. You’ve heard of the mass meeting?”

“Yes. Go on, Johnny.”

“That’s going to be a big party, Sam. All the big-shot Negro leaders are behind it. Republicans, Democrats, American Labor Party, everybody. They’re making a test case out of what happened. It’s going to be bigger’n you or Randolph. It’s going to be a case of Harlem against the po-lice force and against Jim Crow in general.”

Sam gasped. His head rocked as if a fist had come out of the floor and thudded into his face. “Johnny — I don’t know what I can do — I want to square myself with Harlem. You know the kind of guy I am Johnny — You’ve read the accounts in the papers. What do you think?”

“I don’t get you?”

“I want to know your opinion of what happened, Johnny.”

“Do you want it straight?”

“You bet.”

“This Gestapo stuff — that’s plain cockeyed like I told Clair.

But so many killings in Harlem, people there are awful suspicious, Sam. You know. Most cops could be called Gestapo cops and it’d fit. But that’s getting away from what you asked me. The way I see it — when you were alone with Randolph — You know. Before that cop, O’Riordan popped up, you weren’t beating Randolph. You were trying to get him to drop his knife. Now O’Riordan gets on the scene and he jumps for Randolph and begins beating him. You join in. Is that right, Sam?”

“That’s right.”

“Way I see it, you didn’t want to shoot Randolph or even beat him. But that was before O’Riordan popped up — ”

The operator chimed in that Sam’s five minutes were up. He groped for a nickel, dropped it into the box. “Hello, Johnny,” he said in a stunned lifeless voice. “Go on.”

“Hel-lo. All I’m getting at is that you were swung along by O’Riordan. Suppose O’Riordan had felt about Negroes like you. I don’t know O’Riordan but Sam, don’t you see if he hadn’t jumped in swinging and clubbing, you might have kept Randolph covered until reinforcements came. You might have disarmed him without killing him. He was dangerous and crazy but still you might have saved him, Sam. You hear me?”

“I hear you. Okay. So long, Johnny. I’ll get in touch,” he mumbled hanging up. He staggered out of the booth. Suzy clasped him around his waist with both arms. “Let’s get something to eat,” he mumbled.

“What’d Ellis say to make you — ”

“Nothing. Nothing at all. Square myself? I’ll never square myself with them. Not in a million years. Even Johnny — ”

“What’d Johnny say?”

He told her and he was amazed to see how calmly she took it.

“Sam,” she said. “The main thing is that Johnny’s got faith in you. That’s important. You’ve got to see this man Clair before the mass meeting Sunday — ”

“But the regulations forbid — ”

“You can resign.”

“What. Throw away my job? What for?”

“You said you wanted to square yourself with the Negro people. Do you?”

“Of course. But how? Even Johnny — Councilman Vincent’s judged me already. Do you think they’ll call the meeting off?”

“Mistakes have been made before, Sam. That isn’t what matters. What matters is what are you going to do? It’s you, Sam. But it’s more than you.” For the third time that day she pulled out the green leaflet. “The Harlem Equality League tries to track down filth like this. They try to discover who the backers are and where the money comes from.”

“What’re you getting at?”

“Sam, we’re in a war. And now it’s come to us right here in New York City. Councilman Vincent’s wrong about you but he’s not the enemy. The enemy’s right here and we have to fight back until we wipe him out or he’ll wipe us out. Johnny was right. Until O’Riordan showed up, Randolph had a chance for his life. I’m not knocking O’Riordan but that cop didn’t feel about Negroes like you, Sam. He’d been poisoned. It was waste-no-time-on-the-niggers with O’Riordan. This leaflet’s the opening shot, Sam and we have to answer that shot with a shot of our own.” She ripped the green leaflet into pieces. Sam stared at the green slips of paper with their black disjoined letters scattered over the gutter. Brighter than lightning, what Suzy had left unspoken struck him: Why couldn’t he help track down the people behind that leaflet?

CHAPTER
3

O
N
F
RIDAY
noon, the fourth day after the shooting of Fred Randolph by Officer Sam Miller, the Baton Rouge operative selected by ex-Governor Heney to handle “that Harlem nigger situation” (the ex-Governor’s phrase) was walking to the New York City address of the organization to which both of them belonged. On the preceding Tuesday, the operative had received a long distance call in Baton Rouge from the ex-Governor in Washington, D. C. With his wife, he had flown to the Capitol, stayed overnight, consulted with the ex-Governor and the next morning had again hurled through the great blue skies to New York.

He was a young man, this choice of the ex-Governor’s. In his thirties, he was built like a light-heavyweight who has just begun to take on weight. His shoulders were broad but his stomach bulged too tightly against the cloth of his double-breasted grey suit. His name was Bill Trent but as an operative he’d rechristened himself Bill Johnson. Even his wife believed her name was Johnson.

He was walking rapidly to the address, aware of trifles that would have skipped his notice in Baton Rouge: a loitering Western Union boy with four toothpicks between his lips, a man in a brown felt shaking his head over the newspaper in his hands, the sidewalk girls of lower Broadway, stenographers, typists, secretaries. These New York women, he judged contemptuously; five and ten cent store dolls, a dozen of them weren’t worth one Isabelle. Isabelle was his wife; he had left her in their room at the Hotel Commodore but now her slim body darted across his consciousness. And here they were on the Big Stem. Holy Christ, it was unbelievable.

In New York City! The sales line that worked so well down in the South, in Baton Rouge, in Savannah, in Houston wouldn’t go up here, he knew. Selling Southerners the idea that the South belonged to the white man and that the Negro was only fit for field and mine labor was like representing a staple like Coca Cola. But this was New York City! Hadn’t the ex-Governor warned him that the Harlem assignment was going to demand smart figuring. “This here New York, Jew York,” the ex-Governor had said, “is a union town, a Red town, a nigger-spoiling town.” The ex-Governor had wrapped his ponderous arm around Bill’s neck and his whiskey breath had rolled into Bill’s nostrils. Heney, Bill recalled, had a florid face and a black string tie and looked and behaved like a tintype caricature of what a Southern politician should be. But in the organization Heney was supposed to be as clever as the late Huey Long. The one thing Heney couldn’t fake, Bill thought; were his eyes. Chill and blue, they had appraised him in Washington as a tobacco buyer appraises the bright leaf at an auction. The hell with Heney! Why worry about Heney? He had been the operative picked to come to New York, not Fisher, or Murdock, or any of the others.

Bill’s eyes shone almost drunkenly but the face was impassive. It was a handsome face or rather it had been a handsome face, the nose straight, the chin rugged, the eyes finely balanced. But now a webbing of burn scars laced across the features, jagged as lightning, white and precise in their outlines; a ribbony scar traversed the corner of Bill’s upper lip; the delicate eyelids were crisscrossed with marks of fire. Only the eyes were untouched.

He entered a marble lobby with walls thirty feet high and a vaulted cathedral ceiling. There was a sense of both completion and beginning in him, this address a crossroads. Behind him lay his work in the South. Ahead, was a directory. He focussed on the list of firms that began with A:

A.B.C. Finance Corporation
12th
Abingdon, Fitch, Warren, Inc.
49th
Altoona Products, Inc.
60th
American Freighters
21st
American Can Goods, Inc.
29th
American Research Association
43rd

There! The American Research Association! The New York organization itself! Upstairs, in the middle of the skyscraper they would be waiting for him. Bill hurried by the cigar counter and stepped into the express elevator. About him were the pink powerful faces — so they seemed to him — of the men who transacted big affairs, the inner office men, the money men. He felt himself one of them as the express plunged up into space. At the forty-third floor he got off and walked to the door lettered: American Research Association. He wiped his damp cheeks with a monogrammed linen handkerchief and stepped into an anteroom.

A girl behind a glistening glass wall slid a glass panel open with a red-nailed hand and said. “Good afternoon, sir.”

“I have an appointment with Mr. Norris Hayden.”

“Your name, please?”

“William Johnson.”

“Will you please be seated.”

But he was too nervous to sit down in one of the cream-leather chairs. He glanced at the covers of a score of technical magazines displayed on the table. They dealt with aviation, steel, utilities, railroads. Five minutes passed and an office boy appeared to usher him out of the anteroom. Behind the glass wall, three stenographers clicked away at their machines; six men worked at flat desks. Bill was reminded of the A.R.A. office in Washington. The office boy led him past this common office to a cream-colored door in the rear. “Mr. Hayden’s assistant, Colonel Bretherton, will see you sir.”

Bill seized the chrome door knob and went inside. He saw skyscraper spires and blue sky in a window. The Colonel was sitting at a desk to the left of the window. He was lank and lean, his temples iron grey and he wore rimless glasses. His grey hair was combed back from a narrow forehead. “Mr. Hayden will see you in a few minutes, Johnson. Sit down, won’t you?”

“Thanks.”

“Pull that chair over, Johnson.”

Bill smiled at the Colonel. He was thinking that Hayden was one hell of a big-shot to rate a Colonel as his assistant. “Now,” the Colonel was saying. “We know that you are William Johnson but we have to be positive. I want you to write me something on this pad of paper. Anything will do. A few lines. Here’s a pencil.” Bill sat down at the desk, accepted the pencil and wrote:

“I’ve come north from Baton Rouge. I’ve come on business. I hope that that’s all I have to write. A few lines.”

“Here you are,” Bill said. The Colonel was opening a drawer in his desk. He took out a photograph which he showed to Bill.

“This is you, Johnson,” he explained. He compared the black and white image with the living face in front of him. He dropped the photograph and, holding what Bill had written to one side, he compared it with a small white card he fished out of the drawer. Bill guessed that his handwriting was on that card, his spine stiffened as if he had been dragged into a police station. “You’re Johnson, all right,” the Colonel announced, sweeping sheet, card and photograph into the drawer. He took a cigar out of the humidor on his desk, lit it importantly, saying between puffs, “They’re my own brand. Made for me. Try one if you wish.”

“No, thanks.” He lit a cigarette, feeling a little better. He hadn’t expected to be identified by an elderly man who looked like a banker. But this was the New York City organization. They must be hell on wheels up here. He recalled a remark of Heney’s: “Hayden runs the show up there and he’s smart even if he’s the son of a millionaire. He’s no rich man’s son made a big stick out of just because he was born rich. Hayden started from the bottom in the organization and he’s got where he is because he’s smart. Maybe his old man’s money helped a little but it wasn’t everything.”

“When do I meet Mr. Hayden, Colonel?”

“Right away. Johnson, do you recall the Sojourner Truth Housing project?”

“Not very clearly.”

“I think it might be instructive if I sketched it to you.”

Bill stared. “Has it any connection with my job up here?”

The Colonel blew out a streamer of white smoke. “Every connection. The Sojourner Truth project was built for the Detroit blacks by the Government. As they began to move in, the organization in Detroit promoted a series of incidents. We formed a united white front, comprising Klan and Black Legion elements, real estate interests, politicians and union men. The U.A.W. fought us but we gained the support of many union men. Not as many as we wanted with the U.A.W. preaching against Jim Crow.”

Bill listened impatiently. Had he come all the way to New York to have this stuffed shirt blow cigar smoke into his face? To hell with Colonel Bretherton. The sooner he met Hayden the better. He watched the Colonel remove his eyeglasses and polish them with a white silk handkerchief.

“We’re hoping for equal success in Harlem,” the Colonel said. “You’re a northerner, Johnson, born and educated in Pennsylvania and that’s important to us. At the same time, you have had considerable experience in the South. I want to impress upon you that you have a difficult task ahead of you. It won’t be as simple as arranging for the shooting of some black soldier. Our methods in Harlem, in addition, are going to be different. Mr. Hayden has other ideas than the usual strategy of pitting whites against blacks. Mr. Hayden proposes to use the blacks themselves to dig their own graves.”

“I don’t quite understand.”

“I didn’t expect you to. There are certain confusions, certain trends in Harlem that Mr. Hayden intends to exploit.” He left his chair and stalked to the window. “Come here, young man.” As Bill joined him the Colonel said, “Look out there, young man.”

Down below Bill saw a city of water, piers and ships on the Hudson, grey-blue and glinting with sun, and faraway, the smokestacks of the New Jersey shore.

“Young man, our country possesses the greatest industrial plant in the world. Some day, our organization will control it all. We’ve failed to date. This damnable war’s set us back years. There’s a democratic ferment working all over the country. It has even gotten legislation forbidding racial discrimination on the books. That’s why this Harlem incident is so important. We must checkmate all these rabble rousers with their yapping about a bucket of milk for every nigger kid.” His lips trembled and he added, “Now you have a grand opportunity, young man, to show the mettle you’re made of. An old man wishes you good luck.”

The office boy summoned by the Colonel led Bill to the office of Mr. Norris Hayden. Bill entered a spacious room whose prevailing color was brown, the wood mahogany. He was still amazed at the Colonel and his farewell speech. He thought that the Colonel was senile, a decorative fixture that the organization had installed, something like the flesh and blood equivalent of the stars and stripes; in the South he had met men like the Colonel, useful to the organization because of their connections with the oldest and wealthiest families. Bill glanced across the room. At the desk, Hayden, head down was writing a memorandum. Bill saw thin blond hair and said tentatively, “I beg your pardon, Mr. Hayden.”

A blond face looked up at him, one of those blond faces that always seem years younger than they are. “Hello, Bill, how are you?” Hayden said.

“You here!” Bill exclaimed. “You!”

Hayden smiled. He was a man of forty, sitting erect in his chair. His nose was small with waxy white nostrils. His chin receded slightly and he had a fresh almost juvenile appearance. He kept on smiling and his eyes between their long straw-yellow lashes twinkled. Bill stared, unbelieving. This was Hayden, head of the New York organization! It was impossible! He had last known Hayden under the name of Walter Tynant and they had attended the organization’s training school back in Chicago. A dozen questions hummed in him. How had Tynant-Hayden advanced so fast? Why had the Colonel checked on his handwriting and photograph? What was the sense of it? Or wasn’t the Colonel aware that Hayden had been his class-mate?

“Walter!” Bill cried. “You can knock me down. Congratulations.”

“Thanks, Bill. In the future, you are never to refer to me by any name but Hayden, Norris Hayden.”

Bill nodded, sitting down at the desk, near a silver-framed photograph of a tall woman and two teen-age children. It looked as if Hayden was married, too, something he hadn’t known in Chicago.

“We’re going to work together,” Hayden said smoothly. “This is the picture. This Monday a Negro called Randolph was killed in Harlem by a Jewish policeman. Feeling is at white heat. The Jewish policeman is a bit of luck. Our Harlem contact, a man called Dent, phoned the news to me two hours after the killing. As I viewed it, we had been presented with a splendid agitational opportunity.” He stretched one small hand to a folder on his desk, opened it and took out a leaflet printed on green paper. “I wrote this item the same night. By Tuesday morning, it was being distributed throughout Harlem. Look it over, Bill.”

Bill read:

STICK TOGETHER HARLEM

NEGROES MUST STICK TOGETHER AGAINST

THEIR ENEMIES

OUR ENEMY ISN’T ONLY THE JEW COP MILLER

HARLEM IS FULL OF OUR ENEMIES

WOP BAR OWNERS WHO WON’T HIRE NEGROES!

JEWBOY LANDLORDS AND BANKERS!

MICK COPS WHO THINK. K. K. THEY’RE THE

OLD MASSA DOWN SOUTH

WOPS MICKS JEWBOYS — ALL ENEMIES!

WITH THEIR RED UNCLE TOM (BOGUS) NEGROES!

WE REAL NEGROES MUST STICK TOGETHER!!

AGAINST THIS SO CALLED WHITE MAN’S

(BOGUS) DEMOCRACY

“It’s good,” Bill said.

“You like it?”

“Yes. I understand now what the Colonel meant when he said you were going to use the niggers to dig their own graves. If I have any criticism at all, it’s — You don’t mind my saying so?”

“I can anticipate it. You object to that derogatory line about the Irish, don’t you?”

“Yes. Swinging the niggers against the Jews and wops is a fine idea. Agitation against the Jews is paramount as our instructors were always saying in Chicago.” Right away, he sensed it was a mistake reminding Norris Hayden of their common training period. He wouldn’t do it again. “As for the wops, that comes under the heading of anti-foreign agitation.” Hastily, belatedly, he realized that Hayden wasn’t interested in his criticisms or opinions. “I wish you would explain further what the Colonel hinted at. As I understand it, you’ve discovered a new propaganda technique.”

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