Dirty Wars (115 page)

227
“
favorite puppet
”:
Abdirahman “Aynte” Ali, “The Anatomy of al Shabaab,” unpublished paper, June 2010,
www.radiodaljir.com/audio/docs/TheAnatomyOfAlShabaab.pdf
.

227
indigenous diversity
:
Ibid., p. 28.

227
sense of empowerment
:
Ibid., p. 20.

228
diplomatic “visits
”:
International Crisis Group, “Somalia: To Move Beyond the Failed State,” Africa Report No. 147, December 23, 2008, p. 12.

228
lengthy negotiations
:
Ibid., pp. 12-13.

228
dismantling of roadblocks
:
Mark Bradbury, “State-Building, Counterterrorism, and Licensing Humanitarianism in Somalia,” briefing paper, Feinstein International Center, October 2010.

228
“
a caricature
”:
International Crisis Group, “Somalia: To Move Beyond the Failed State,” p. 14.

228
reminiscent of the Taliban
:
Ibid.

228
“
the only organization
”:
Committee on Foreign Relations,
Al Qaeda in Yemen and Somalia: A Ticking Time Bomb
, S. Prt. 111-40, p. 16 (2010).

228
“
far more popular
”:
Ali, “The Anatomy of al Shabaab,” p. 37.

229
“
Fight on, Champions
”:
Khaled Wassef (CNET), “Bin Laden Urges Somalis to ‘Fight On,'” CBS.com, March 19, 2009.

230
discovered a US spy drone
:
US diplomatic cable 07SANAA473, from Chargé d'Affaires Nabeel Khoury, US Embassy Sana'a, “Unmanned USG Aircraft Washes Ashore, Official Media Reports Downed Iranian ‘Spy Plane,'” April 2, 2007, released by WikiLeaks,
http://wikileaks.org/cable/2007/04/07SA-NAA473.html
. Descriptions of the drone incident are based on this cable.

230
floating prison
:
David Campbell and Richard Norton-Taylor, “US Accused of Holding Terror Suspects on Prison Ships,”
Guardian
, June 1, 2008.

230
against oil and gas facilities
:
Hassan M. Fattah, “Suicide Attacks Foiled at Two Oil Sites, Yemen Says,”
New York Times
, September 16, 2006.

230
chief criminal investigator
:
Gregory D. Johnsen, “Is Al-Qaeda in Yemen Regrouping?”
Terrorism Focus
4 (15) (May 30, 2007),
www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=4174
.

230
audiotaped message
:
Yemen: Confronting al-Qaeda, Preventing State Failure, Hearing Before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee
, 111th Cong. 53 (2010) (prepared testimony of Gregory D. Johnsen).

231
convoy of Spanish tourists
:
Ahmed al-Hajj (AP), “Suicide Attacker Kills Nine at Yemen Temple,”
Washington Post
, July 2, 2007. According to Johnsen in his Senate testimony, the death toll was ultimately higher than originally reported.

231
went home to his family
:
Author interviews, family members, January 2012.

231
“
I would like to travel
”:
“Moazzam Begg Interviews Imam Anwar al-Awlaki,” Cageprisoners, December 31, 2007,
www.cageprisoners.com/our-work/interviews/item/159-moazzam-begg-interviews-imam-anwar-al-awlaki
.

231
“
truth of the matter
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “The Lies of the Telegraph,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, December 27, 2008.

231
“
a few opportunities
”:
“Moazzam Begg Interviews Imam Anwar al-Awlaki,” Cageprisoners, December 31, 2007.

231
“
In the old times
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “Assalamu alaykum all,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, May 31, 2008.

232
“
Do You Like Cheese?
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “Do You Like Cheese?” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, November 25, 2008.

232
“
If you are a person
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “Is the Franklin Morphing into the Washington?!” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, October 6, 2008.

232
“
do not try to infiltrate
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “A Question About the Method of Establishing Khilafa,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, August 29, 2008.

233
“
an interesting assortment of sins
”:
Awlaki, “Is the Franklin Morphing into the Washington?!”

233
“
There is good reason to believe
”:
Susan Schmidt, “Imam from Va. Mosque Now Thought to Have Aided al-Qaeda,”
Washington Post
, February 27, 2008.

233
believed to have been recorded
:
Alexander Meleagrou-Hitchens, “As American as Apple Pie: How Anwar al-Awlaki Became the Face of Western Jihad,” The International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence, 2011, p. 55.

233
first operational leader
:
International Crisis Group, “Saudi Arabia Backgrounder: Who Are the Islamists?” Middle East Report No. 31, September 21, 2004, p. 13.

234
“
Whenever you see the word terrorist
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “Constants on the Path of Jihad,” 2005.

234
“
al Awlaki crosses this bridge
”:
Author interview, Dr. Emile Nakhleh, January 2010. All quotations of Nakhleh come from the author's interview.

234
“
The Americans were very, very angry
”:
Author interview, Sheikh Saleh bin Fareed, January 2012. All quotations of bin Fareed come from the author's interview.

234
“
He was harassed
”:
Author interview, Nasser al Awlaki, January 2012. All information and statements attributed to Awlaki come from this interview, unless otherwise noted.

235
“
surveillance and harassment
”:
Shaykh Harith al Nadari, “My Story with al-Awlaki,”
Inspire
9 (winter 2012), released May 2012.

235
go to Ataq
:
Author interviews with family members, January 2012.

235
“
you put me in jail
”:
Author interview, Sheikh Saleh bin Fareed, January 2012.

235
the family's small village
:
Author interviews, Awlaki family members, August 2012.

235
telling friends and family
:
Ibid.

235
kamikaze attack
:
Shane Bauer, “U.S. Embassy Hit in Yemen, Raising Militancy Concerns,”
Christian Science Monitor
, September 18, 2008.

236
“
This attack is a reminder
”:
Agence France-Presse, “Bush Says Yemen Attack Shows Need to Fight Extremists,” September 17, 2008.

236
met in Qatar
:
Nominations Before the Senate Armed Services Committee: Hearings on the Nominations of Gen. David D. McKeirnan; LTG. Raymond T. Odierno; LTG Walter L. Sharp; Gen. David H. Petraeus; Hon. Nelson M. Ford; Joseph A. Benkert; Sean J. Stackley; Frederick S. Celec; Michael B. Doley; Gen. Norton A. Schwartz; and Gen. Duncan J. McNabb, Day 3, Before the Armed Services Committee
, 110th Congress, 145 (2008) (testimony of Gen. David H. Petraeus).

236
“
It just reminds us
”:
Athena Jones, “Obama Discusses Yemen Attack,”
National-Journal.com
, September 17, 2008.

236
“
seems to have stabilized
”:
Michael Sheuer, “Yemen's Role in al-Qaeda's Strategy,”
Terrorism Focus
5 (5) (February 7, 2008),
www.jamestown.org/programs/gta/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=4708&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=246&no_cache=i
.

236
“
US money starts flowing
”:
Author interview, former senior counterterrorism official, January 2011.

237
“
targeting and then killing people
”:
Author interview, former JSOC aide, 2010.

237
“
There was no such thing
”:
Associated Press, “McCain, Obama Spar over Al Qaeda in Iraq,” CBSNews.com, June 18, 2009.

237
“
the least of the two evils
”:
Anwar al Awlaki. “Voting for the American President,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, October 31, 2008.

238
“
very little difference
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “Part 2: Voting for the American President,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-awlaki.com, November 3, 2008.

238
“
an al-Qaeda supporter
”:
Gordon Rayner, “Muslim Groups ‘Linked to September 11 Hijackers Spark Fury over Conference,'”
Telegraph
, December 27, 2008.

238
“
This is a baseless claim
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “The Lies of the Telegraph,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, December 27, 2008.

238
plot to attack Fort Dix
:
Evan Kohlmann, “Investigating Ft. Hood: Anwar al-Awlaki's ‘Constants on the Path of Jihad,'” Counterterrorism Blog, November 9, 2009,
http://counterterrorismblog.org/2009/11/investigating_ft_hood_anwar_al.php
.

238
traveled to Somalia
:
Andrea Elliott, “A Call to Jihad, Answered in America,”
New York Times
, July 11, 2009.

239
“
fills our hearts
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “Salutations to the al-Shabab of Somalia,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, December 21, 2008.

239
“
beloved Sheikh Anwar
”:
“Al-Shabaab: Reply to the Greeting and Advice of Sheikh Anwar,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, December 27, 2008.

239
“
The illegal state of Israel
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “The Meaning of Gaza,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, December 28, 2008.

240
“
There are many soldiers
”:
Nidal Hasan, e-mail to Anwar Awlaki, December 17, 2008, published by Intelwire on July 19, 2012,
http://news.intelwire.com/2012/07/the-following-e-mails-between-maj.html
.

240
“
condenses the Al Qaeda philosophy
”:
Scott Shane, “Born in U.S., a Radical Cleric Inspires Terror,”
New York Times
, November 18, 2009.

240
did not speak Arabic
:
Wesley Yang, “The Terrorist Search Engine,”
New York
, December 5, 2010.

241
“
little surprise
”:
Kohlmann, “Investigating Ft. Hood.”

241
“
he preaches in English
”:
Author interview, Joshua Foust, January 2011.

241
“
call from the pulpits
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “Yemeni-American Jihadi Cleric Anwar Al-Awlaki in First Interview with al-Qaeda Media calls on Muslim US Servicemen to Kill Fellow Soldiers,” transcription of interview with Al-Malahem Media, May 23, 2010, by the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI),
www.memritv.org/clip_transcript/en/2480.htm
.

242
“
The US has come to the conclusion
”:
Anwar al Awlaki, “A New Year: Reality and Aspirations,” Imam Anwar's Blog, anwar-alawlaki.com, December 31, 2008.

242
“
Jihad will carry on
”:
Ibid.

244
“
I am opposed to
”:
Barack Obama, “Transcript: Obama's Speech Against the Iraq War,” October 2, 2002, transcript available via NPR.org,
www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=99591469
.

244
“
Let's be the generation
”:
Barack Obama, “Illinois Sen. Barack Obama's Announcement Speech,” February 10, 2007, transcript available via Associated Press,
www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/10/AR2007021000879.html
.

244
“
harshest interrogation techniques
”:
Scott Shane, David Johnston, and James Risen, “Secret U.S. Endorsement of Severe Interrogations,”
New York Times
, October 4, 2007.

245
“
This is an example
”:
Transcript, “Barack Obama on MSNBC,” October 4, 2007, transcript available via NYTimes.com,
www.nytimes.com/2007/10/04/us/politics/04obama-text.html?pagewanted=all
.

245
“
governed by fear
”:
“Oct. 30 Democratic Debate Transcript,” October 30, 2007, transcript available via
MSNBC.com
,
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21528787/ns/politics-the_debates/t/oct-democratic-debate-transcript/#.UPeUQhzKZcR
.

245
“
a terrible mistake
”:
Associated Press, “Obama Says He Might Send Troops to Pakistan,” NBCNews.com, August 1, 2007.

245
“
You don't broadcast
”:
Andy Merten, “Presidential Candidates Debate Pakistan; McCain, Clinton Criticize Obama for Threatening to Order Attacks,” NBCNews.com, February 28, 2008.