Family Britain, 1951-1957 (123 page)

34. Maggie Andrews, ‘Butterflies and Caustic Asides’, in Stephen Wagg (ed),
Because I Tell a Joke or Two
(1998), p 54; Good Housekeeping Institute
, The Happy Home
(1955), chaps 2–3, 5, 7, 9; White,
Women’s Magazines
, pp 146–7;
Sunday Express
, 16 Jan 1955; Ferguson,
Forever
, p 50.

35. Willmott,
Parish Notes
, Mar 1954; Sue Aspinall, ‘Women, Realism and Reality in British Films, 1943–53’, in James Curran and Vincent Porter (eds),
British Cinema History
(1953), p 290; Alan Sinfield,
Literature, Politics and Culture in Postwar Britain
(Oxford, 1989), pp 207–8;
News Chronicle
, 23 Apr 1952;
Housewife
, Sep 1953, p 30; BBC WA,
Woman’s Hour
, 9 Feb 1955.

36. Rivers Fletcher, ‘Sheila van Damm’,
Independent
, 26 Aug 1987; Jenny Uglow,
A Little History of British Gardening
(2004), p 286; James Morton, ‘Dame Rose Heilbron’,
Guardian
, 13 Dec 2005; Deborah Ross, ‘Three’s Company’,
Independent
, 15 Jul 2002;
Daily Telegraph
/
Guardian
, 15 Nov 2003.

37. White,
Women’s Magazines
, p 142; Stephanie Spencer,
Gender, Work and Education in Britain in the 1950s
(Basingstoke, 2005), p 150; Roberts,
Women
, pp 119, 129–31; Viola Klein,
Britain’s Married Women Workers
(1965), pp 65–9; John Boyd Carpenter,
Way of Life
(1980), p 108.

38.
Independent on Sunday
, 31 Dec 2000 (Louise Jury);
Independent
, 3 Dec 2003 (Brian Viner); Wilson,
Only Halfway
, p 33; Mary Evans,
A Good School
(1991), p 29; Carol Dyhouse, ‘Education’, in Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska (ed),
Women in Twentieth-Century Britain
(Harlow, 2001), p 124; Sarah Aiston, ‘A Maternal Identity? The Family Lives of British Women Graduates Pre- and Post-1945’,
History of Education
(Jul 2005), p 411; Judith Hubback,
Wives Who Went to College
(1957), p 159; Klein,
Britain’s Married
, p 26; Chris Wrigley, ‘Women in the Labour Market and in the Unions’, in John McIlroy et al (eds),
British Trade Unions and Industrial Policies: Volume Two
(Aldershot, 1999), p 45; Jane Lewis,
Women in Britain since 1945
(Oxford, 1992), p 74.

39. Shaw, ‘Impressions’, pp 182–3; Ken Grainger, ‘Money Control and Labour Quiescence: Shopfloor Politics at Alfred Herbert’s, 1945–1980’, in Michael Terry and P. K. Edwards (eds),
Shopfloor Politics and Job Controls
(Oxford, 1988), p 98; Humphries and Taylor,
Making
, p 66; Denise Riley, ‘“The Free Mothers”: Pronatalism and Working Women in Industry at the End of the Last War in Britain’,
History Workshop
(Spring 1981), p 78;
Picture Post
, 7 Jan 1956.

40. Roberts,
Women
, p 235; Shaw, ‘Impressions’, p 183; J. H. Smith, ‘Managers and Married Women Workers’,
British Journal of Sociology
(Mar 1961), pp 20–21; Klein,
Britain’s Married
, pp 36–48.

41.
Sunday Pictorial
, 21 Feb 1954, 28 Feb 1954;
Woman’s Own
, 1 Sep 1955; Ann Dally, ‘John Bowlby’,
Independent
, 13 Sep 1990; Victoria Winckler, ‘Women in Post World War Wales’,
Llafor
(1987), p 70; Simon Phillips, ‘The Changing Social & Economic Role of Women within the Valley Community of Merthyr Tydfil during the Twentieth Century’, Keele University thesis, June 1992; Chesser,
Sexual
, p 375; April Carter,
The Politics of Women’s Rights
(Harlow, 1988), p 19; Joyce Joseph, ‘A Research Note on Attitudes to Work and Marriage of Six Hundred Adolescent Girls’,
British Journal of Sociology
(Jun 1961), pp 176–83.

42. Humphries and Taylor,
Making
, p 29; Chris Harris, ‘The Family in Post-war Britain’, in James Obelkevich and Peter Catterall (eds),
Understanding Post-war British Society
(1994), p 50; Mays,
Growing Up
, p 89; Norman Dennis et al,
Coal is Our Life
(Tavistock Publications edn, 1969), pp 204, 242; Shaw, ‘Impressions’, pp 184–6; Dartington Hall Trust Archive, DWE/G/11/D, Michael Young, ‘The Extended Family Welfare Association’ (Nov 1955); Roberts,
Women
, pp 180–98, 176; Gorer,
Exploring
, p 46.

43.
Picture Post
, 15 Mar 1952; Higgins, ‘Changing’, pp 91–100; Chesser,
Sexual
, pp 363–7; Higgins, ‘Changing’, p 102; Gorer,
Exploring
, pp 125–6; Dennis,
Coal
, pp 181–2; Higgins, ‘Changing’, pp 180–5.

44. M-O A, Mass-Observation Bulletin, no 42, May/June 1951: ‘The Housewife’s Day’;
Eastern Daily Press
, 25 Sep 1954; M-O A, Mass-Observation Bulletin, no 54, June 1957: ‘The Housewife’s Day (2)’; Claire Langhamer, ‘The Meanings of Home in Postwar Britain’,
Journal of Contemporary History
(Apr 2005), p 358;
Picture Post
, 10 Mar 1956.

45. Dennis,
Coal
, p 203; Miriam Akhtar and Steve Humphries,
The Fifties and Sixties
(2001), pp 91, 93; Langhamer, ‘Meanings’, p 358; M-O A, D5353, 18 Jun 1954.

46. Dennis,
Coal
, pp 180–81; Mays,
Growing Up
, p 93; Gorer
, Exploring
, p 138; Roberts,
Women
, pp 105, 234; Gorer
, Exploring
, p 129; Margot Jefferys, ‘Married Women in the Higher Grades of the Civil Service and Government Sponsored Research Organizations’,
British Journal of Sociology
(Dec 1952), p 363;
Eastern Daily Press
, 25 Sep 1954;
Woman’s Own
, 14 Jul 1955; Hoggart,
Uses
, p 57.

47. Hoggart,
Uses
, p 57; Shaw, ‘Impressions’, p 187; Michael Young and Peter Willmott,
Family and Kinship in East London
(Pelican edn, 1962), p 24; Bourke,
Working-Class Cultures
, p 85; Young and Willmott, p 145; Janet Finch and Penny Summerfield, ‘Social Reconstruction and the Emergence of Companionate Marriage, 1945–59’, in David Clark (ed),
Marriage, Domestic Life and Social Change
(1991), p 22.

48. Adam Faith,
Acts of Faith
(1996), pp 37–8, 31;
News Chronicle
, 11 Oct 1955; Roberts,
Women
, p 88; Mays,
Growing Up
, p 89; Janet Street-Porter,
Baggage
(2004), p 43; Melanie McGrath,
Silvertown
(2002); Billie Whitelaw,
. . .Who He?
(1995), pp 64–9; Peter Paterson,
Tired and Emotional
(1993), pp 31–7;
Independent
, 1 Jan 2000 (Hunter Davies); Gary Imlach,
My Father and Other Working-Class Football Heroes
(2005), pp 63–4.

49. Michael Young, ‘Distribution of Income within the Family’,
British Journal of Sociology
(Dec 1952), pp 314–15; Shaw, ‘Impressions’, p 181; C. Slaughter, ‘Modern Marriage and the Roles of the Sexes’,
Sociological Review
(Dec 1956), p 214; Higgins, ‘Changing’, p 194.

50. Daly, Ms 302/5/8, p 7; Claire Langhamer,
Women’s Leisure in England, 1920–60
(Manchester, 2000), p 164; Wilson,
Only Halfway
, p 32; Young, ‘Distribution’, p 313; Dennis,
Coal
, pp 210–12; Gorer,
Exploring
, p 132; Fisher,
Birth Control
, pp 188, 194–5.

51. Chesser,
Sexual
, pp 423, 432, 448, 451; Stanley,
Sex
, pp 40–44; Lesley A. Hall,
Sex, Gender and Social Change in Britain since 1880
(Basingstoke, 2000), pp 154–5; Shaw, ‘Impressions’, p 187; Dennis,
Coal
, p 231; Peter Townsend,
The Family Life of Old People
(Pelican edn, 1963), p 90; Akhtar and Humphries,
Fifties
, pp 175–6.

52. Higgins, ‘Changing’, p 211; Gorer,
Exploring
, p 133; A.J.P. Taylor,
English History, 1914–45
(Pelican edn, 1970), p 219; Higgins, ‘Changing’, p 219; Gorer,
Exploring
, p 161.

53.
Guardian
, 3 Nov 1998; Wilson,
Jacky
, pp 181–2; Christine Keeler,
The Truth at Last
(2001), pp 14–15; Delmar, ‘Recording’, pp 307–8; Angela Phillips, ‘A Small Space around a Bed’,
Guardian
, 24 Sep 2005.

54. Margaret Williamson, ‘“He Was Good with the Bairns”: Fatherhood in an Ironstone Mining Community, 1918–1960’,
Northern History
(1998), p 95; Higgins, ‘Changing’, pp 260–61; Roberts,
Women
, p 236; Shaw, ‘Impressions’, pp 188–9; Gorer,
Exploring
, p 191; Higgins, ‘Changing’, pp 261–2; Shaw, ‘Impressions’, p 189; Haines, 30 May 1951; Mays,
Growing Up
, pp 83–4.

55. Faith,
Acts
, p 29; John Sergeant,
Give Me Ten Seconds
(2001), p 32; David Lister,
In the Best Possible Taste
(1996), p 5; Blakemore,
Sunnyside
, pp 51–2, 77–80 (edited extracts).

10 Less Donnie Lonegan

  1.
Independent
, 26 Mar 1990; Aurelia Schober Plath (ed), Sylvia Plath,
Letters Home
, (1976), p 217; Martin Roach,
Top Hundred Singles
(2002), p 108; Christine Geraghty,
British Cinema in the Fifties
(2000), p 9; Tony Jasper,
The Top Twenty Book
(1994 edn), pp 11–12, 16–19; John Peel and Sheila Ravenscroft,
Margrave of the Marshes
(Corgi edn, 2006), pp 67, 65; ‘Lonnie Donegan’,
The Times
, 5 Nov 2002; Philip Norman,
John Lennon
(2008), p 93;
Guardian
, 11 Dec 2002 (John Peel); Peel and Ravenscroft,
Margrave
, p 126. For a full account of skiffle, see Mike Dewe,
The Skiffle Craze
(Aberystwyth, 1998).

  2. Fowles, EUL MS 102/1/8, fol 262, 10 Jan 1956;
News Chronicle
, 20 Dec 1955; Charles Reid,
John Barbirolli
(1971), p 342; Bernard Sendall,
Independent Television in Britain: Volume 1
(1982), pp 328, 348;
Sunday Mercury
, 12 Feb 1956.

  3.
Radio Times
, 11 Nov 1955; BBC WA, R9/2/5, 16 Dec 1955; David Oswell,
Television, Childhood and the Home
(Oxford, 2002), p 66;
New Statesman
, 24 Dec 1955;
The Times
, 22 Dec 1955;
News Chronicle
, 30 Dec 1955;
Sunday Times
, 25 Dec 1955; Steve Humphries et al,
A Century of Childhood
(1988), p 81; Iona and Peter Opie
, The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren
(1959), p 118; Mike Seabrook,
Max
(1994), pp 41–2;
Guardian
, 27 Jan 2006 (Will Hodgkinson), 13 Jun 2008 (Simon Hoggart);
Picture Post
, 25 Feb 1956; Elaine Feinstein,
Ted Hughes
(2001), pp 52–5; BBC WA, R9/19/2, Mar 1956.

  4. Robert J. Wybrow,
Britain Speaks Out, 1937–87
(Basingstoke, 1989), p 44; David Cesarani,
Arthur Koestler
(1998), p 437;
Spectator
, 2 Dec 1955; Wybrow,
Britain
, p 44;
News Chronicle
, 17 Feb 1956; Crossman, MS 154/8/19, fol 804, 22 Feb 1956; Heap, 17 Feb 1956;
Picture Post
, 21 Jul 1956; M-O A, TC 72/2/A–B.

  5. Randall Hansen,
Citizenship and Immigration in Post-war Britain
(Oxford, 2000), pp 70–71; D. W. Dean, ‘Conservative Governments and the Restriction of Commonwealth Immigration in the 1950s: The Problems of Constraint’,
Historical Journal
(Mar 1992), pp 180–81; Mike Phillips,
London Crossings
(2001), pp 10–15; Mike Phillips and Trevor Phillips,
Windrush
(1998), pp 145–6; Colin MacInnes,
England, Half English
(Hogarth Press edn, 1986), pp 19–20, 29; Steve Humphries and John Taylor,
The Making of Modern London, 1945–1985
(1986), p 117;
New Society
, 25 Apr 1963; Peter Collison,
The Cutteslowe Walls
(1963), pp 136–41.

  6.
New Yorker
, 31 Dec 1955;
Daily Telegraph
, 3 Jan 1956;
Picture Post
, 28 Jan 1956; Turtle, 1 Feb 1956; Rose Uttin Diary (Imperial War Museum), 88/50/1, Feb 1956; Anthony Sampson,
Macmillan
(Pelican edn, 1968), p 113;
The Times
, 27 Feb 1956, 2 Mar 1956;
New Statesman
, 11 Feb 1956;
Spectator
, 6 Apr 1956;
The Times
, 25 Apr 1956.

  7. Nigel Nicolson (ed), Harold Nicholson
, The Later Years, 1945–1962: Diaries and Letters, Volume III
,
(1968), p 292;
Spectator
, 16 Dec 1955; Lord Jenkins of Hillhead, ‘Hugh
Gaitskell
(1906–63)’,
Contemporary Record
(Autumn 1993), pp 306–11;
The Times
, 15 Dec 1955; Ben Pimlott,
Harold Wilson
(1992), p 194;
New Statesman
, 1 Oct 1955; Gaitskell, p 410; Pimlott,
Wilson
, p 198.

  8. Brian Simon,
Education and the Social Order, 1940–1990
(1991), pp 198–9; P. J. Kemeny, ‘Dualism in Secondary Technical Education’,
British Journal of Sociology
(Mar 1970), p 86;
Picture Post
, 20 Aug 1955, 26 Nov 1955;
Times Literary Supplement,
16 Dec 1955;
Financial Times
, 21 Feb 1956; Aidan Crawley,
Leap Before You Look
(1988), pp 316–17; BBC WA, R9/10/3–VR/56/1, 9 Jan 1956; J. S. Wagstaff,
The London ‘Routemaster’ Bus
(1975), p 7; Travis Elborough,
The Bus We Loved
(2005), p 64.

  9. Sir Eric St Johnston,
One Policeman’s Story
(Chichester, 1978), p 217; Reg Green,
National Heroes
(Edinburgh, 1997), p 159;
Manchester Guardian
, 26 Mar 1956;
The Times
, 5 Apr 2006 (Lydia Hislop);
Guardian
, 8 Apr 2006 (Stuart Jeffries); Nicolson,
Later Years
, p 299.

10.
Macmillan
, p 544; Glyn Powell, ‘Turning off the Power: The Electrical Trades Union and the Anti-communist Crusade, 1957–61’,
Contemporary British History
(Summer 2004), pp 3–4; John Saville,
Memoirs from the Left
(2003), p 105; Terry Pattinson, ‘Lawrence Daly’,
Independent
, 30 May 2009;
Daily Worker
, 26 Apr 1955; Daly, MS 302/3/2, Gollan to Daly, 16 May 1956.