Authors: Orson Scott Card
“You knew Hari Seldon?”
“A little,” said Zay.
“Either tell him or don't,” said Deet. “You can't take him this far in, and not bring him the rest of the way.”
“I knew Hari the way you know Deet,” said Zay.
“No,” said Leyel. “He would have mentioned you.”
“Would he? He never mentioned his students.”
“He had thousands of students.”
“I know, Leyel. I saw them come and fill his lecture halls and listen to the half-baked fragments of psychohistory that he taught them. But then he'd come away, here to the library, into a room where the Pubs never go, where he could speak words that the Pubs would never hear, and there he'd teach his real students. Here is the only place where the science of psychohistory lives on, where Deet's ideas about the formation of community actually have application, where your own vision of the origin of humanity will shape our calculations for the next thousand years.”
Leyel was dumbfounded. “In the Imperial Library? Hari had his own college here in the library?”
“Where else? He had to leave us at the end, when it was time to go public with his predictions of the Empire's fall. Then the Pubs started watching him in earnest, and in order to keep them from finding us, he couldn't ever come back here again. It was the most terrible thing that ever happened to us. As if he died, for us, years before his body died. He was part of us, Leyel, the way that you and Deet are part of each other. She knows. She joined us before he left.”
It stung. To have had such a great secret, and not to have been included. “Why Deet, and not me?”
“Don't you know, Leyel? Our little community's survival was the most important thing. As long as you were Leyel Forska, master of one of the greatest fortunes in history, you couldn't possibly be part of thisâit would have provoked too much comment, too much attention. Deet could come, because Commissioner Chen wouldn't care that much what she didâhe never takes spouses seriously, just one of the ways he proves himself to be a fool.”
“But Hari always meant for you to be one of us,” said Deet. “His worst fear was that you'd go off half-cocked and force your way into the First Foundation, when all along he wanted you in this one. The Second Foundation.”
Leyel remembered his last interview with Hari. He tried to rememberâdid Hari ever lie to him? He told him that Deet couldn't go to Terminusâbut now that took on a completely different meaning. The old fox! He never lied at all, but he never told the truth, either.
Zay went on. “It was tricky, striking the right balance, encouraging you to provoke Chen just enough that he'd strip away your fortune and then forget you, but not so much that he'd have you imprisoned or killed.”
“You were making that happen?”
“No, no, Leyel. It was going to happen anyway, because you're who you are and Chen is who he is. But there was a range of possibility, somewhere between having you and Deet tortured to death on the one hand, and on the other hand having you and Rom conspire to assassinate Chen and take control of the Empire. Either of those extremes would have made it impossible for you to be part of the Second Foundation. Hari was convincedâand so is Deet, and so am Iâthat you belong with us. Not dead. Not in politics. Here.”
It was outrageous, that they should make such choices for him, without telling him. How could Deet have kept it secret all this time? And yet they were so obviously correct. If Hari had told him about this Second Foundation, Leyel would have been eager, proud to join it. Yet Leyel couldn't have been told, couldn't have joined them until Chen no longer perceived him as a threat.
“What makes you think Chen will ever forget me?”
“Oh, he's forgotten you, all right. In fact, I'd guess that by tonight he'll have forgotten everything he ever knew.”
“What do you mean?”
“How do you think we've dared to speak so openly today, after keeping silence for so long? After all, we aren't in Indexing now.”
Leyel felt a thrill of fear run through him. “They can hear us?”
“If they were listening. At the moment, though, the Pubs are very busy helping Rom Divart solidify his control of the Commission of Public Safety. And if Chen hasn't been taken to the radiation chamber, he soon will be.”
Leyel couldn't help himself. The news was too gloriousâhe sprang up from his bed, almost danced at the news. “Rom's doing it! After all these yearsâoverthrowing the old spider!”
“It's more important than mere justice or revenge,” said Zay. “We're absolutely certain that a significant number of governors and prefects and military commanders will refuse to recognize the overlordship of the Commission of Public Safety. It will take Rom Divart the rest of his life just to put down the most dangerous of the rebels. In order to concentrate his forces on the great rebels and pretenders close to Trantor, he'll grant an unprecedented degree of independence to many, many worlds on the periphery. To all intents and purposes, those outer worlds will no longer be part of the Empire. Imperial authority will not touch them, and their taxes will no longer flow inward to Trantor. The Empire is no longer Galactic. The death of Commissioner Chenâtodayâwill mark the beginning of the fall of the Galactic Empire, though no one but us will notice what it means for decades, even centuries to come.”
“So soon after Hari's death. Already his predictions are coming true.”
“Oh, it isn't just coincidence,” said Zay. “One of our agents was able to influence Chen just enough to ensure that he sent Rom Divart in person to strip you of your fortune. That was what pushed Rom over the edge and made him carry out this coup. Chen would have fallenâor diedâsometime in the next year and a half no matter what we did. But I'll admit we took a certain pleasure in using Hari's death as a trigger to bring him down a little early, and under circumstances that allowed us to bring you into the library.”
“We also used it as a test,” said Deet. “We're trying to find ways of influencing individuals without their knowing it. It's still very crude and haphazard, but in this case we were able to influence Chen with great success. We had to do itâyour life was at stake, and so was the chance of your joining us.”
“I feel like a puppet,” said Leyel.
“Chen was the puppet,” said Zay. “You were the prize.”
“That's all nonsense,” said Deet. “Hari loved you,
I
love you. You're a great man. The Second Foundation had to have you. And everything you've said and stood for all your life made it clear that you were hungry to be part of our work. Aren't you?”
“Yes,” said Leyel. Then he laughed. “The index!”
“What's so funny?” asked Zay, looking a little miffed. “We worked very hard on it.”
“And it was wonderful, transforming, hypnotic. To take all these people and put them together as if they were a single mind, far wiser in its intuition than anyone could ever be alone. The most intensely unified, the most powerful human community that's ever existed. If it's our capacity for storytelling that makes us human, then perhaps our capacity for indexing will make us something better than human.”
Deet patted Zay's hand. “Pay no attention to him, Zay. This is clearly the mad enthusiasm of a proselyte.”
Zay raised an eyebrow. “
I'm
still waiting for him to explain why the index made him
laugh
.”
Leyel obliged her. “Because all the time, I kept thinkingâhow could librarians have done this? Mere librarians! And now I discover that these librarians are all of Hari Seldon's prize students. My questions were indexed by psychohistorians!”
“Not exclusively. Most of us
are
librarians. Or machinists, or custodians, or whateverâthe psychologists and psychohistorians are rather a thin current in the stream of the library. At first they were seen as outsiders. Researchers.
Users
of the library, not members of it. That's what Deet's work has been for these last few yearsâtrying to bind us all together into one community. She came here as a researcher too, remember? Yet now she has made everyone's allegiance to the library more important than any other loyalty. It's working beautifully too, Leyel, you'll see. Deet is a marvel.”
“We're
all
creating it together,” said Deet. “It helps that the couple of hundred people I'm trying to bring in are so knowledgeable and understanding of the human mind. They understand exactly what I'm doing and then try to help me make it work. And it
isn't
fully successful yet. As years go by, we have to see the psychology group teaching and accepting the children of librarians and machinists and medical officers, in full equality with their own, so that the psychologists don't become a ruling caste. And then intermarriage between the groups. Maybe in a hundred years we'll have a truly cohesive community. This is a democratic city-state we're building, not an academic department or a social club.”
Leyel was off on his own tangent. It was almost unbearable for him to realize that there were hundreds of people who knew Hari's work, while Leyel didn't. “You have to teach me!” Leyel said. “Everything that Hari taught you, all the things that have been kept from meâ”
“Oh, eventually, Leyel,” said Zay. “At present, though, we're much more interested in what you have to teach
us
. Already, I'm sure, a transcription of the things you said when you first woke up is being spread through the library.”
“It was recorded?” asked Leyel.
“We didn't know if you were going to go catatonic on us at any moment, Leyel. You have no idea how you've been worrying us. Of course we recorded itâthey might have been your last words.”
“They won't be. I don't feel tired at all.”
“Then you're not as bright as we thought. Your body is dangerously weak. You've been abusing yourself terribly. You're not a young man, and we insist that you stay away from your lector for a couple of days.”
“What, are you now my doctor?”
“Leyel,” Deet said, touching him on his shoulder the way she always did when he needed calming. “You
have
been examined by doctors. And you've got to realizeâZay is First Speaker.”
“Does that mean she's commander?”
“This isn't the Empire,” said Zay, “and I'm not Chen. All that it means to be First Speaker is that I speak first when we meet together. And then, at the end, I bring together all that has been said and express the consensus of the group.”
“That's right,” said Deet. “
Everybody
thinks you ought to rest.”
“
Everybody
knows about me?” asked Leyel.
“Of course,” said Zay. “With Hari dead you're the most original thinker we have. Our work needs you. Naturally we care about you. Besides, Deet loves you so much, and we love
Deet
so much, we feel like we're all a little bit in love with you ourselves.”
She laughed, and so did Leyel, and so did Deet. Leyel noticed, though, that when he asked whether they all
knew
of him, she had answered that they cared about him and loved him. Only when Zay said this did he realize that she had answered the question he really meant to ask.
“And while you're recuperating,” Zay continued, “Indexing will have a go at your new theoryâ”
“Not a theory, just a proposal, just a
thoughtâ
”
“âand a few psychohistorians will see whether it can be quantified, perhaps by some variation on the formulas we've been using with Deet's laws of community development. Maybe we can turn origin studies into a real science yet.”
“Maybe,” Leyel said.
“Feel all right about this?” asked Zay.
“I'm not sure. Mostly. I'm very excited, but I'm also a little angry at how I've been left out, but mostly I'mâI'm so relieved.”
“Good. You're in a hopeless muddle. You'll do your best work if we can keep you off balance forever.” With that, Zay led him back to the bed, helped him lie down, and then left the room.
Alone with Deet, Leyel had nothing to say. He just held her hand and looked up into her face, his heart too full to say anything with words. All the news about Hari's byzantine plans and a Second Foundation full of psychohistorians and Rom Divart taking over the governmentâthat receded into the background. What mattered was this: Deet's hand in his, her eyes looking into his, and her heart, her self, her soul so closely bound to his that he couldn't tell and didn't care where he left off and she began.
How could he ever have imagined that she was leaving him? They had created each other through all these years of marriage. Deet was the most splendid accomplishment of his life, and he was the most valued creation of hers. We are each other's parent, each other's child. We might accomplish great works that will live on in this other community, the library, the Second Foundation. But the greatest work of all is the one that will die with us, the one that no one else will ever know of, because they remain perpetually outside. We can't even explain it to them. They don't have the language to understand us. We can only speak it to each other.
“A THOUSAND DEATHS”
M
Y EARLY FICTION
won me a reputation for cruelty. The most memorable line was from a review in
Locus:
“Reading Card is like playing pattycake with Baby Huey.” This sort of comment, however well-phrased, worried me more than a little. Clearly my fiction was giving the impression of being bloodier than most writers' stories, and yet that was never my intent. I'm an innately nonviolent person. I have almost never struck another person in anger; my custom in school when the subject of fighting came up was to talk my way out when I couldn't simply run. I never tortured animals. I don't enjoy pain. So why was I writing fiction that made grown men gag?
This story, “A Thousand Deaths,” was one of a pair (the other is “Kingsmeat”) that did most to earn me that reputation. It is the one story I've written that was so sickening that my wife couldn't finish reading itâshe never has, as far as I know. And yet I couldn't see at the timeâand still can'tâhow it could be written any other way.
The story is about noncompliance. It was triggered in part by a line in Robert Bolt's
A Man for All Seasons
, which dwells in my memory in this form: “I do none harm, I think none harm, and if this be not enough to keep a man alive, then in faith I long not to live.” There are times when a government, to stay in power, requires that certain people be broken, publicly. Their noncompliance with the will of the government is a constant refreshment to the enemies of the state. One thinks of Nelson Mandela, who, to be set free, would have had only to sign a statement renouncing violence as a means of obtaining the rights of his people. One thinks of the wonderful line from the movie
Gandhi
(which had not been made when I wrote this story, though the line expresses the theme of this story almost perfectly): “They can even kill me. What will they have then? My dead body. Not my obedience.” It is the power of passive resistance, even in the face of a government that has the power to inflict the ultimate penalty, that eventually breaks the power of that government.
With “A Thousand Deaths” I simply did what satiric science fiction always doesâI set up a society that exaggerates the point in question. In this case, it was the power of the state to inflict punishment in order to control the behavior of others, and my
what-if
was, “What if a government could, not just threaten to kill you, but actually kill you over and over until it finally got the confession it needed?” The mechanism was easy enoughâI had already developed the drug somec and had stolen the idea of brain-taping from many other writers years before, for my
Worthing Chronicle
series. What mattered to me, though, was to focus on the point where coercion ultimately breaks down, and that is on the rock of truth. The government kills the story's hero, trying to break him to the point where he will confess his wrong, and confess the rightness of the government. The trouble is that the government will only measure his confession against a standard too high for him to meet. It isn't enough that his confession be passionate. It must also be
believed
. And that is the one thing that the hero cannot deliverâa believable confession. He can't believe it himself; neither can anyone else. That is what coercion cannot do. It can win compliance from fearful people. But it cannot win belief. The heart is an unstormable citadel.
How, tell me please, could I possibly have told this story without making you, the reader, believe absolutely in the hero's deaths? You have to experience some shadow of the suffering in order to understand the impossibility of his confession. If you find the story unbearable, remember that there have been far more deaths than this, and more terrible ones as well, in the same struggle in the real world.
A footnote: In the late seventies, I set this story in a United States ruled by a Soviet government. In this I was not seriously predicting something I believed likely to happen. But I was trying to place the story of a totalitarian state within the United States if only to bring home the idea to American readers, who, outside of the experience of American blacks in many a Southern town, are ignorant of the suffering and terror of totalitarianism. Once the decision to set the story here was made, I had two choices: to show an America ruled by a homegrown demagogue, or to show an America ruled by a foreign conqueror. I rejected the former, in part because at that time it had lately become a cliché of American litterateurs to pretend that the only danger to the U.S. was from conservative extremists. I preferred to show America ruled by the most cruel and efficient totalitarian system ever to exist on the face of the Earth: the Stalinist version of the Communist Party.
The events of 1989 in eastern Europe do not change this; it was the very unwillingness of Gorbachev to play Stalin that led to the unshackling of the captive nations. Had he been willing to resort to the machine gun and the tank, as his predecessors did, there would be no more Solidarity, no second Prague Spring, no holes in the Berlin Wall, no bullet-riddled body of Ceausescu, no Hungarian border open to Austria. Or would there? Gorbachev was the man who brought Russia over that moral cuspâbut I think it would have had to come eventually, with him or someone else. “A Thousand Deaths” is a true story, and I used the Soviets in it because they are the most recent world power to prove that it is true.
“CLAP HANDS AND SING”
Once, back in the mid-1970s, I had a conversation with a young woman I had once thought myself to be in love with. “I had such a crush on you before you went on your mission,” she said. “And the poems you wrote me while you were goneâ¦I thought something would come of it when you got home. But when you returned from Brazil, I waited and waited and you never even called.”
“I thought of calling,” I said. “Often.”
“But you never did. And on the rebound from you I fell in love with someone else.”
Here's the funny thing: I never guessed how
she
felt. One reason I never called her was because I thought she might think I was weird to try to convert a friendship to something more. Thus do adolescents manage to work at cross-purposes often enough to make romantic tragedies possible.
In the years since, I have found a much deeper love and stronger commitment than anything I ever imagined in those days. But when I was exploring the idea of time travel, and thought of an ironic story in which two people, unknown to each other, both journey back in time to have a perfect night together, my mind naturally turned to that moment of impotent frustration when I realized that this young lady and I, had I but acted a bit differently, might have ended up together. Since it's much easier to use real events than to make up phony ones, I stole from my own life to find, I hoped, that sense of bittersweet memory that is the stuff of movie romances.
“DOGWALKER”
Cyberpunk was all the rage, and I was driving home from ArmadilloCon, the science fiction convention held in Austin, the see of the bishop of cyberpunk, Bruce Sterling. I had long had an ambivalent feeling toward cyberpunk. Bruce Sterling's ideas about science fiction fascinated me greatly, if only because he was the one person I could hear talking about science fiction in terms that weren't either warmed-over James Blish and Damon Knight or stolen from the mouldering corpse of Modernism that still stinks to high heaven in the English departments of American universities. In short, Sterling actually had Ideas instead of Echoes.
At the same time, I could not help but be a bit disgusted at what was being done in the name of cyberpunk. William Gibson, though quite talented, seemed to be writing the same story over and over again. Furthermore, it was the same self-serving story that was being churned out in every creative writing course in America and published in every little literary magazine at least once an issue: the suffering artist who is alienated from his society and is struggling to find out a reason to live. My answer is easy enough: An artist who is alienated from his society
has
no reason to liveâas an artist, anyway. You can only live as an artist when you're firmly connected to the community to whom you offer your art.
But the worst thing about cyberpunk was the shallowness of those who imitated it. Splash some drugs onto brain-and-microchip interface, mix it up with some vague sixties-style counterculture, and then use really self-conscious, affected language, and you've got cyberpunk. Never mind that the actual stories being told were generally clichés that were every bit as stupid and derivative as the worst of the stuff Bruce Sterling had initially rebelled against. Even if the underlying stories had been highly original, stylistic imitation and affectation are crimes enough to make a literary movement worthy of the death sentence.
So, being the perverse and obnoxious child that I am, I challenged myself: Is the derivativeness of cyberpunk the source or a symptom of its emptiness? Is it possible to write a good story that uses all the clichés of cyberpunk? The brain-microchip interface, the faked-up slang, the drugs, the countercultureâ¦Could I, a good Mormon boy who watched the sixties through the wrong end of the binoculars, write a convincing story in that modeâand also tell a tale that would satisfy
me
as good fiction?
One thing was certainâI couldn't imitate anybody else's
story
. It was the language, the
style
that I was imitating. So I had to violate my own custom and start, not with the story, but with the voice. With a monologue. The first two paragraphs of
Dogwalker
were the first two I wrote, pretty much as they stand now. The plot came only after I had the voice and the character of the narrator pretty well established.
I got the thing done soon after returning home, and sent it off to Gardner Dozois at
Asimov's
. I expected the story to get bounced. I had a mental picture of Gardner staggering out into the hall at Davis Publications, gagging and choking, holding out the manuscript as if it were a bag of burning dog dung. “Look at this.
Card
is trying to write cyberpunk now.” Instead, Gardner sent me a contract. It rather spoiled my plansâI expected to use the story as my entry at Sycamore Hill that summer, but since it had sold I couldn't do that. The result was that I ended up writing my novella “Pageant Wagon” during that workshop, so it wasn't a total loss.
In the meantime, however, Gardner never published “Dogwalker.” He held it two-and-a-half years before I finally sent a note pointing out that our contract had expired and if they didn't have immediate plans to publish it, I wanted it back to sell it elsewhere. At that point they seemed to have suddenly remembered that they had it, and it was scheduled and published barely in time to be included in this book.
In a way, though, Gardner did me a favorâperhaps on purpose. By holding the story so long, he had seen to it that “Dogwalker” appeared in print
after
the spate of cyberpunk imitations was over. The story was not so clearly pegged as derivative. And though it was clearly not like a “typical Card story” on its surface, it could more easily be received as my work than as pale-imitation Gibson. Thus was I spared the fate of appearing as pathetic as, say, Barbra Streisand singing disco with the BeeGees.
“BUT WE TRY NOT TO ACT LIKE IT”
For a short time, Kristine's and my favorite restaurant in Salt Lake City was the Savoy, a purportedly English restaurant that nevertheless had wonderful food. We brought friends, we went aloneâwe did everything we could to make that restaurant succeed. Furthermore it was always crowded. And six months later, it was out of business.
It happens over and over. TV shows I like are doomed to cancellation. Authors I fall in love with stop writing the kind of book I loved. (Come on, Mortimer and Rendell! Rumpole and Wexford are the reason you were born! As for you, Gregory McDonald, write Fletch or die!) Trends in science fiction and fantasy that I applaud quickly vanish; the ones that make me faintly sick seem to linger like herpes. For one reason or another, my tastes are just not reflected in the real world.
That's what gave rise to this story. Unfortunately, I never let the story rise above its origin. I have learned since then that I shouldn't write a story from a single idea, but rather should wait for a second, unrelated idea, so that out of their confluence can come something truly alive. The result is that this story bears the curse of most of science fictionâit is idea-driven rather than character-driven, which means that it is ultimately forgettable. That doesn't mean it's valuelessâI hope it's kind of fun to read it once. But you'll certainly not be rewarded for reading it again. You already received everything it had to offer on the first reading.
“I PUT MY BLUE GENES ON”
Jim Baen wrote an editorial in
Galaxy
magazine in which he called on science fiction writers to stop writing the same old “futures” and take a look at what science was doing
now
. Where, for example, were the stories extrapolating on current research in recombinant DNA?
I was still working at
The Ensign
magazine then, and Jay and Lane and I took this as a personal challenge. Naturally, in the tradition of young sci-fi writers, I mechanically took the idea of gene-splicing (I'd been reading
Scientific American
like a good boy, so I could fake it up pretty well), carried it to an extreme, and served it up in a stereotypical plot about two nations in a life-and-death struggleâonly one of the nations doesn't realize that the other one was wiped out long ago and that its struggle is now against the very world they have destroyed. As a let's-stop-messing-up-the-world polemic, I think the story still holds up pretty well. As an artful story, it's definitely a work of my youth. Recombining DNA has been treated far better since then, both in my own stories (
Wyrms, Speaker for the Dead
) and in the works of writers who've done the subject more justice. (I think particularly of the magnificent work Octavia Butler has done with
Dawn, Adulthood Rites
, and
Imago
.) If you want proof that I was but an adolescent playing at fiction-writing, you have only to look at the title, a bad pun on a fun-but-dumb popular song that was, I believe, written as the theme music for a jeans ad.