Food Over Medicine (29 page)

52
   M. Alderman, “Reducing dietary sodium: the case for caution,”
Journal of the American Medical Association
303, no. 5 (February 3, 2010): 448–49.

53
   A. Bernstein and W. Willett, “Trends in 24-h urinary sodium excretion in the United States, 1957–2003: a systematic review,”
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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54
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55
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BMJ
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1
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New York Times
, February 8, 2011, D6.

2
     “Dietary Guidelines: Urgent Prescription for an Unhealthy Public, Says American Dietetic Association,” Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (formerly American Dietetic Association), Media Room,
www.eatright.org/Media/content.aspx?id=6442462223
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3
     Academy of Nutrition and Deitetics.
Who Are the Academy’s Corporate Sponsors?
www.eatright.org/corporatesponsors/
(accessed November 7, 2012).

4
     T.C. Campbell and T.M. Campbell II,
The China Study
(Dallas: BenBella Books, 2004).

5
     “Fecal Contamination in Retail Chicken Products,” Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, April 2012,
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6
     “U.S. per Capita Meat Consumption 1950–2007,” USDA, Economic Research Service,
https://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/foodday/pages/24/attachments/original/1342127278/High-Meat_Diet_Consequences.pdf?1342127278
.

7
     Peter Breggin and David Cohen,
Your Drug May Be Your Problem
(Da Capo Press, 1999): 125–26, 128, 133.

8
     Statement by David J. Graham, U.S. Senate Committee on Finance,
Hearing on Vioxx
, November 18, 2004 (accessed November 7, 2012).

9
     Thomas M. Burton and Jennifer Dooren, “Key FDA Approval Yanked for Avastin,”
Wall Street Journal
, November 19, 2011.

10
   “Feel Good About Loving Beef,” Beef Checkoff,
www.beefitswhatsfordinner.com/beefhealth.aspx
.

11
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Lancet
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12
   N. Barnard, L. Scherwitz, and D. Ornish, “Adherence and acceptability of a low-fat, vegetarian diet among patients with cardiac disease,”
Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention
12, no. 6 (November 1992): 383-453.

13
   N.D. Barnard, L. Gloede, J. Cohen, et al., “A low-fat vegan diet elicits greater macronutrient changes, but is comparable in adherence and acceptability, compared with a more conventional diabetes diet among individuals with Type 2 diabetes,”
Journal of the American Dietetic Association
109, no. 2 (February 2009): 263–72.

1
     Sharon Begley, “One Word Can Save Your Life: No!”
Newsweek
, August 14, 2011.

2
     R.S. Hayward, E.P. Steinberg, D.E. Ford, M.F. Roizen, and K.W. Roach, “Preventive care guidelines: 1991,”
Annals of Internal Medicine
114, no. 9 (May 1, 1991): 758–83.

3
     J. Smith, J. Green, A. Berrington de Gonzalz, et al., “Cervical cancer and the use of hormonal contraceptives: a systemic review,”
Lancet
361, no. 9364 (April 5, 2003): 1159–67.

4
     O. Olsen and P. Gotzsche, “Cochrane review on screening for breast cancer with mammography,”
Lancet
358, no. 9290 (October 20, 2001): 1340–42.

5
     Peter Gotzsche,
Mammography Screening: Truth Lies and Controversy
(London: Radcliffe Publishing, 2012).

6
     K. Jorgensen, P. Zahl, and P. Gotzsche, “Breast cancer mortality in organised mammography screening in Denmark: comparative study,”
BMJ
340 (March 24, 2010): c1241, doi:10.1136/bmj.c1241.

7
     A. Berrington de Gonzalez, C.D. Berg, K. Visvanathan, and M. Robson, “Estimated risk of radiation-induced breast cancer from mammographic screening for young BRCA mutation carriers,”
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
101 (2009): 205–9, doi:10.1093/jnci/djn440.

8
     C. Schmidt, “CT scans: balancing health risks and medical benefits,”
Environmental Health Perspectives
120, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): doi: a118–a121, doi:10.1289/ehp.120-a118.

9
     R. Smith-Bindman, W. Hosmer, V.A. Feldstein, J.J. Deeks, and J.D. Goldberg, “Second-trimester ultrasound to detect fetuses with Down syndrome: a meta-analysis,”
Journal of the American Medical Association
285, no. 8 (2001): 1044–55.

10
   H. Gilbert Welch, Lisa M. Schwartz, and Steven Woloshin,
Overdiagnosed
(Boston: Beacon Press, 2011), 138–40.

11
   A. Neugut and B. Lebwohl, “Colonoscopy vs sigmoidoscopy screening: getting it right,”
Journal of the American Medical Association
304, no. 4 (2010): 461–62, doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1001.

12
   Richard Ablin, “The Great Prostate Mistake,”
New York Times
, March 9, 2012.

13
   “Screening for Prostate Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement,” U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, last modified May 2012,
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening/prostatefinalrs2.htm
.

14
   A. Kavanagh, G. Santow, and H. Mitchell, “Consequences of current patterns of pap smear and colposcopy use,”
Journal of Medical Screening
3, no. 1 (1996): 29–34.

15
   “Ob-Gyns Recommend Women Wait 3 to 5 Years Between PAP Tests,” The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, news release, October 22, 2012,
http://www.acog.org/About_ACOG/News_Room/News_Releases/2012/
.

16
   Ryan Janslow, “Doctors unveil ‘Choosing Wisely’ campaign to cut unnecessary medical tests,” CBSNews.com, April 4, 2012,
www.cbsnews.com/8301-504763_162-57409204-10391704/doctors-unveil-choosing-wisely-campaign-to-cut-unnecessary-medical-tests
.

17
   “Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question,”
http://choosingwisely.org
.

18
   Peter Breggin,
Your Drug May Be Your Problem
(Boston: Da Capo Press, 1999), 72–73.

19
   J. Gotto and M. Rapaport, “Treatment Options in Treatment-Resistant Depression,”
Primary Psychiatry
12, no. 2 (2005): 42–50,
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.

1
     M. Pereira, D.R. Jacobs Jr., L. Van Horn, et al., “Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults: The CARDIA study,”
Journal of the American Medical Association
287, no. 16 (2002): 2081–89.

2
     Caldwell B. Esselstyn Jr.,
Prevent and Reverse Heart Disease
(New York: Penguin, 2007), 48.

3
     Bill Moyers,
Healing and The Mind
(New York: Doubleday, 1993), 89.

4
     W. Haenszel and M. Kurihara, “Studies of Japanese migrants: mortality from cancer and other disease among Japanese and the United States,”
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
40, no. 1 (1968): 43–68, doi:10.1093/jnci/40.1.43.

5
     B. Armstrong and R. Doll, “Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices,”
International Journal of Cancer
15 (1975): 617–31.

6
     W. Lands, T. Hamazakim K. Yamazaki, et al., “Changing dietary patterns,”
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
51 (1990): 991–93.

7
     W. Haenszel and M. Kurihara, “Studies of Japanese migrants: mortality from cancer and other diseases among Japanese in the United States,”
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
40, no. 1 (1968): 43–68, doi: 10.1093/jnci/40.1.43.

8
     L.O. Schulz, P.H. Bennett, E. Ravussin, et al., “Effects of traditional and western environments on prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians in Mexico and the U.S.,”
Diabetes Care
29, no. 8 (August 2006): 1866–71, doi:10.2337/dc06-0138.

9
     L. Hooper, R.L. Thompson, R.A. Harrison, et al., “Risks and benefits of Omega 3 fats for mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review,”
BMJ
332, no. 7544 (April 1, 2006): 752–60, doi:10.1136/bmj.38755.366331.2F.

10
   G. Bjelakovic, D. Nikolova, L.L. Gluud, R.G. Simonetti, and C. Gluud, “Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases,”
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008
, Issue 2, Art. No.: CD007176, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007176.pub2.

11
   H. Lange, H. Surypranata, G. De Luca, et al., “Folate therapy and in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting,”
New England Journal of Medicine
26, no. 350 (June 24, 2004): 2673–81.

12
   D. Wu and S.N. Mevdani, “n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and immune function,”
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
57, no. 4 (November 1998): 503–9.

13
   D. Blankenhorn, R.L. Johnson, W.J. Mack, H.A. el Zein, and L.I. Vailas, “The influence of diet on the appearance of new lesions in human coronary arteries,”
Journal of the American Medical Association
263, no. 12 (March 23, 1990): 1646–52.

14
   N. Barnard et al., “Adherence and Acceptability of a Low-Fat Vegetarian Diet,” 383-453; N. Barnard, L. Gloede, J. Cohen, et al., “A low-fat vegan diet and a conventional diabetes diet in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled, 74-wk clinical trial,”
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
89, no. 5 (May 2009): 1588S-1596S.

15
   N. Barnard et al., “Vegan diet elicits greater macronutrient changes,” 263–72.

16
   J.W. Anderson, “Dietary fiber in nutrition management of diabetes,” in
Dietary Fiber: Basic and Clinical Aspects
, ed. G. V. Vahouny, and D. Kritchevsky (New York: Plenum Press, 1986), 343–60.

17
   P. Peduzzi, A. Kamina, and K. Detre, for The VA Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Cooperative Study Group, Twenty-two-year follow-up in the VA Cooperative Study of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Stable Angina,”
American Journal of Cardiology
81 (1998): 1393–99.

18
   “Long-term results of prospective randomised study of coronary artery bypass surgery in stable angina pectoris,” European Coronary Surgery Study Group,
Lancet
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19
   B.R. Chaitman, T.J. Ryan, R.A. Kronmal, et al., “Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS): comparability of 10 year survival in randomized and randomizable patients,”
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
16, no. 5 (November 1990): 1071–78.

20
   D. Cohen, J. Carozza, and D. Baim, “Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy compared with angioplasty in stable coronary artery disease,”
New England Journal of Medicine
341 (December 9, 1999): 1853–55, doi:10.1056/NEJM199912093412415.

21
   “Coronary Angioplasty and Stenting,” University of Michigan Health System Cardiac Surgery,
www.med.umich.edu/cardiac-surgery/patient/adult/adultcandt/coronary_angioplasty.shtml
.

22
   “Bypass Surgery and Memory,” The Harvard Medical School Family Health Guide,
www.health.harvard.edu/fhg/updates/update0206c.shtml
.

23
   “Crestor Highlights of Prescribing Information,” AstraZeneca, fact sheet,
www1.astrazeneca-us.com/pi/crestor.pdf
.

1
     David Squires, “Explaining High Health Care Spending in the United States: An International Comparison of Supply, Utilization, Prices, and Quality,” The Commonwealth Fund, April 2012,
http://www.commonwealthfund.org/˜/media/Files/Publications/Issue%20Brief/2012/May/1595_Squires_explaining_high_hlt_care_spending_intl_brief.pdf
.

2
     “The Healthy School Meals Act of 2010 (Rep. Jared Polis, CO)” fact sheet,
http://static.usnews.com/documents/whispers/Healthy_School_Meals_Act_of_2010_Fact_Sheet.pdf
.

3
     Richard Rushfield, “Trapped in Men’s Central Jail,”
L.A. Weekly
, April 5, 2012,
http://digitalissue.laweekly.com/display_article.php?id=1025278
.

4
     “Bay Point School for Boys,” The Food Studies Institute,
www.foodstudies.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19&Itemid=27
.

5
     B. Scott, F.C. Seifert, R. Grimson, and P.S.A. Glass, “Octogenarians undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: resource utilization, postoperative mortality and morbidity,”
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
19, no. 5 (October 2005): 583–88.

6
     V.L. Ernster, “Mammography screening for women age 40 through 49: a guidelines saga and a clarion call for informed decision making,”
American Journal of Public Health
87, no. 7 (1997): 1103–6.

7
     “Animals Killed for Food in the U.S. Increases in 2010,” blog post, OneGreenPlanet.org, October 21, 2011,
www.onegreenplanet.org/news/animals-killed-for-food-in-the-u-s-increases-in-2010
.

8
     Alice Park, “NYC’s Trans Fat Ban Worked: Fast-Food Diners Are Eating Healthier”
Time
, July 17, 2012,
http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/17/nycs-trans-fat-ban-worked-fast-food-diners-are-eating-healthier
.