| tisme, 71114; Quillot, La SFIO et l'exercice du pouvoir, 5659; and Colton, Léwon Blum, 455-61. "The Communists never forgave Blum for his role in blocking unity," contends Colton (459).
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| 13. Campaign poster, MRP papers, AN, 350 AP, box 1.
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| 14. Pour rebatir la France, papers prepared for the First National Congress, November 2526, 1944, MRP Papers, AN, 350 AP, box 12.
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| 15. Compte rendu du Comité directeur, June2324, 1945, MRP papers, AN, 350 1 AP, box 1. On Christian Democracy generally, see Rémond, Les droites en France, 241; Mayeur and Rebérioux, The Third Republic from Its Origins to the Great War, 300302; Bernard and Dubief, The Decline of the Third Republic, 25357.
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| 16. Minutes of the Executive Commission, August 9, 1945, MRP papers, AN, 350 AP, box 45.
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| 17. Teitgen, Faites entrer le témoin suivant, 308.-An article in Le Monde on January 22, 1946, stated that de Gaulle's departure caused "more sadness and apprehension than surprise"; the paper then went on to suggest in two editorials that France could survive without him.
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| 18. There are various versions of this meeting, including Lacouture, De Gaulle, 2: 23849, and Elgey, La République des illusions, 85113. De Gaulle, of course, provides his own account, in Mémoires de guerre, 3: 28490.
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| 19. The minutes of this meeting of the Executive Commission of the MRP, held at 5:30 p.m. on January 20 at the Quai d'Orsay, may be found in MRP papers, AN, 350 AP, box 45, and Teitgen, Faites entrer, 56775.
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| 20. The phrase is Crozier's, La société bloquée; and see Rioux, The Fourth Republic, 106. On the constitutional settlement in general, see Goguel, France under the Fourth Republic, 157, and Williams, Crisis and Compromise .
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| 21. Larkin, France since the Popular Front, 151. For similar views, see Wright, The Reshaping of French Democracy, 23157, and Thomson, Democracy in France since 1870, 23758.
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| 22. De Gaulle, Mémoirs de guerre, 3:240, 258; Frenay, La nuit finira, 561; see also Bourdet, L'aventure incertaine, 430.
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| 23. Luethy, France against Herself, 40. For a similar line of contemporary analysis, see Schoenbrun. As Franee Goes, 15264.
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