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Giap: The General Who Defeated America in Vietnam (38 page)
5.
Ibid., p. 389.
6.
Giáp,
PWPA
, p. 206.
7.
Logevall, p. 382.
8.
Fall, p. 44.
9.
Logevall, p. 394.
10.
Giáp,
PWPA
, pp. 166–169.
11.
Fall,
Street
, p. 67.
12.
Ibid., p. 72.
13.
Morgan, p. 248.
14.
Logevall, p. 412.
15.
Ibid.
16.
Morgan, pp. 260–261.
17.
O’Neill, p. 150.
18.
Fall,
Street
, pp. 45–46.
19.
Morgan, p. 218.
20.
Ibid., p. 154.
21.
Logevall, p. 446.
22.
Võ Nguyên Giáp ,
Dien Bien Phu
, rev. ed. (Hanoi: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1964), pp. 124–126.
23.
Giáp,
PWPA
, pp. 180–181.
24.
Ibid., p. 182.
25.
Quoted in Bernard B. Fall,
Hell in a Very Small Place: The Siege of Dien Bien Phu
(Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1967), p. 354.
26.
Ibid., p. 462.
27.
John Prados, “Assessing Dien Bien Phu,” in
The First Vietnam War: Colonial Conflict and Cold War Crisis
, Mark Atwood Lawrence and Fredrik Logevall, eds. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007), p. 228.
28.
Quoted in George C. Herring,
America’s Longest War: The United States and Vietnam, 1950–1975
, 4th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill), pp. 54–55.
29.
Ibid., pp. 55–56.
CHAPTER 7
1.
Herring, p. 53.
2.
The Military History Institute of Vietnam,
Merle L. Pribbenow, tr.,
Victory in Vietnam: The Official History of the People’s Army of Vietnam, 1954–1975
(Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2002), p. 32.
3.
Herring, p. 75.
4.
Logevall, p. 682.
5.
Karnow, p. 235.
6.
Pribbenow,
Victory,
p. 18.
7.
Ibid., p. 43.
8.
J. J. Zasloff, “Origins of the Insurgency of South Vietnam, 1954–1960: The Role of the South Vietminh,” Rand Corporation Memorandum, May, 1968, author’s collection.
9.
Pribbenow,
Victory,
pp. 43–44.
10.
Ibid., p. 43.
11.
Logevall, p. 689.
12.
Pribbenow,
Victory,
p. 53.
13.
Ibid., p. 68.
14.
Duiker, pp. 226–228.
15.
Kolko, p. 257.
16.
Ibid., p. 254.
17.
Duiker, p. 213.
18.
Herring, p. 97.
19.
Duiker, p. 221.
20.
Ibid., p. 237.
21.
Ibid., p. 240.
22.
Quoted in Turner, p. 248.
23.
Pribbenow, p. 103.
24.
Võ Nguyên Giáp,
South Vietnam People Will Win
, reprinted from 1965 ed. (Honolulu, HI: University Press of the Pacific, 2001), pp. 33–36. Hereafter cited as
SVPWW
.
25.
Giáp,
SVPWW
, p. 26.
26.
Ibid.
27.
Ibid., p. 22.
28.
Ibid., pp. 46–47.
29.
Karnow, p. 423.
30.
Ibid., p. 421.
31.
Ibid.
32.
Ibid., pp. 421–422.
33.
Karnow, p. 390.
34.
Ibid., p. 229.
CHAPTER 8
1.
Giap,
MAPW
, p. 177.
2.
Giap,
Big Victory,
p. 53.
3.
See Davidson, pp. 311–313, Prados, pp. 191–195.
4.
Brigham in Gilbert, p. 109.
5.
Summers,
Atlas of the Vietnam War
, p. 106.
6.
CIC Intelligence Memorandum, “The Vietnamese Communists Debate Military Strategy,” 25 August 1966. Author’s collection.
7.
Quoted in Larry H. Addington,
America’s War in Vietnam: A Short Narrative History
(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2000), p. 99.
8.
“Ho Chi Minh Trail,” in Spencer C. Tucker, ed.,
Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2001), p. 176.
9.
Ibid.
10.
Prados, p. 373.
11.
Ibid., p. 374.
12.
Marc Jason Gilbert, ed.,
Why the North Won the Vietnam War
(New York: Palgrave, 2002), p. 163.
13.
Addington, pp. 101–102.
14.
Michael Lee Lanning and Dan Cragg,
Inside the VC and the NVA: The Real Story of North Vietnam’s Armed Forces
(College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2008), p. 173.
15.
Thomas C. Thayer,
War without Fronts: The American Experience in Vietnam
(New York: Westview Press, 1986), p. 45.
16.
Quoted in Lanning, p. 217.
17.
Quoted in Tucker, p. 516.
18.
Vo Nguyen Giap,
Big Victory, Great Task
(New York: Praeger, 1968), pp. 23–24.
19.
Ibid., p. 47.
20.
Ibid., p. 56.
21.
Carl von Clausewitz,
On War
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1976), pp. 88–89.
22.
Griffith, pp. 7–8.
CHAPTER 9
1.
Michael Herr,
Dispatches
(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1977), pp. 68–69.
2.
Pribbenow, p. 222.
3.
Merle L. Pribbenow, “Vo Nguyen Giap and the Mysterious Evolution of the Plan for the 1968 Tet Offensive,”
Journal of Vietnamese Studies
, Vol. 3, No. 2 (Summer 2008), p. 3.
4.
Duiker, p. 288.
5.
Tran Van Tra, “Tet: The 1968 General Offensive and General Uprising,” in
The Vietnam War: Vietnamse and American Perspectives
, Jayne S. Warner and Luu Doan Huynh, eds. (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1993), pp. 38–39.
6.
Ibid., p. 40.
7.
Ang Chenq Guan, “Decision-Making Leading to the Tet Offensive (1968) - The Vietnamese Communist Perspective
,”
Journal of Contemporary History
, Vol. 33, No. 3 (July, 1998), p. 346.
8.
See Duiker, pp. 288–291.
9.
Duiker, p. 290.
10.
Tran, pp. 43–44.
11.
Thayer, p. 91.
12.
Don Oberdorfer,
Tet!
(Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971), p. 314.
13.
Ibid., pp. 320–323.
14.
Ronald Spector,
After Tet: The Bloodiest Year in Vietnam
(New York: Free Press, 1993), p. 155.
15.
Ibid., p. 319.
16.
William S. Turley,
The Second Indochina War: A Short Political and Military History, 1954–1975
(Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1986), p. 108.
17.
See Summers,
On Strategy,
for the most detailed elaboration of his thinking.
18.
Lewis Sorely,
A Better War: The Unexamined Victories and Final Tragedy of America’s Last Years in Vietnam
(New York: Harcourt Brace & Co., 1999), p. 15.
19.
Davidson, p. 441.
20.
Anderson, p. 67.
21.
Tran, p. 41; Pribbenow,
Victory
, p. 214.
22.
Turley, p. 100.
23.
Tran, p. 40.
24.
Pribbenow,
Victory
, p. 215.
25.
Kolko, p. 303.
26.
Pike, pp. 218–219.
27.
Kolko, p. 335.
28.
Karnow, p. 557.
29.
Oberdorfer, p. xviii.
CHAPTER 10
1.
Herring, p. 275.
2.
Lewis Sorley,
A Better War: The Unexamined Victories and Final Tragedy of America’s Last Years in Vietnam
(New York: Harcourt Brace, 1999), p. 45.
3.
Ibid., p. 192.
4.
Ibid., p. 85.
5.
Ibid., p. 59.
6.
Ibid., p. 6.
7.
Prados, p. 327.
8.
Duiker, p. 304.
9.
Lanning, pp. 178–179.
10.
Duiker, p. 304.
11.
Ibid., p. 316.
12.
Ibid., p. 306.
13.
Pribbenow,
Victory
, p. 249.
14.
Duiker, p. 304.
15.
Ibid., p. 307.
16.
Frances Fitzgerald,
Fire in the Lake: The Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam
(Boston: Little, Brown), pp. 428–429.
17.
Thomas C. Thayer,
War without Fronts: The American Experience in Vietnam
(Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1985), p. 206.
18.
Richard A. Hunt,
Pacification: The American Struggle for Vietnam’s Hearts and Minds
(Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1995), p. 226.
19.
Ibid., p. 227.
20.
Ibid., pp. 262–263.
21.
Ibid., p. 264.
22.
Sorley, p. 273.
