Gilded Lives, Fatal Voyage: The Titanic's First-Class Passengers and Their World (56 page)

Stead, Estelle.
My Father: Personal & Spiritual Reminiscences
. London: William Heinemann, 1913.

Stead, William T.
Hymns That Have Helped
. Charleston, SC: BiblioLife reprint, 2009.

_____.
If Christ Came to Chicago
. Chicago: Laird & Lee, 1894.

Stenson, Patrick.
“Lights”: The Odyssey of C. H. Lightoller
. London: The Bodley Head, 1984.

Strouse, Jean.
Morgan: American Financier
. New York: Random House, 1999.

Stuart, Amanda Mackenzie.
Consuelo and Alva Vanderbilt
. New York: HarperCollins, 2005.

Tharp, Louise Hall.
Saint-Gaudens and the Gilded Era
. Boston: Little, Brown, 1969.

Thayer, John B.
The Sinking of the S.S. Titanic
. Springfield: 7 C’s Press reprint for Titanic Historical Society, 1974, first published 1940.

Unger, Irwin, and Debi Unger.
The Guggenheims: A Family History
. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2005.

Uruburu, Paula.
American Eve: Evelyn Nesbit, Stanford White and the Crime of the Century
. New York: Riverhead Books/Penguin Group, 2008.

Wade, Wyn Craig.
The Titanic: End of a Dream
. New York: Rawson Associates, Scribner Book Company, 1979; Penguin Books, 1980.

Wharton, Edith, edited by Roxana Robinson.
The New York Stories of Edith Wharton
. New York: New York Review of Books, 2007.

Whyte, Frederic.
The Life of W. T. Stead
, volumes 1 and 2. London: Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1925.

Wilson, Derek.
The Astors
. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1993.

Winocour, Jack.
The Story of the Titanic as Told by Its Survivors: Lawrence Beesley; Archibald Gracie; Charles Lightoller; Harold Bride
. New York: Dover Publications Inc., 1960.

Woods, Shirley E, Jr.
The Molson Saga
. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 1983.

UNPUBLISHED SOURCES

“CQD.”
An unpublished memoir by Richard Norris Williams, courtesy of the Williams family.

Hawksford, Walter, letter to his wife, private collection.

Millet Letters to Charles Warren Stoddard. Charles Warren Stoddard Collection, Special Collections Research Center, University of Syracuse Library.

Russell, Edith [Rosenbaum]. “By The Grace of God—And Fashion” speech, 1924, courtesy of Randy Bryan Bigham; April 1, 1934,
Titanic
account, Charles Pellegrino website.

Simpson, Marc.
Reconstructing the Golden Age: American Artists in Broadway, Worcestershire, 1885–1889
. Dissertation, Yale University, 1993.

ARTICLES FROM MAGAZINES. JOURNALS, AND WEBSITES

Abrams, Melanie. “Lady Duff Gordon: Fashion’s Forgotten Grande Dame.”
Telegraph
, February 21, 2011.

Barkworth, Algernon. “Barkworth’s Account.” ET. Behe, George. “The Music of the
Titanic
’s Band” and “The Two Deaths of John Jacob Astor.” George Behe’s Titanic Tidbits website.

Bigham, Randy Bryan, and Gregg Jasper. “Broadway Dame: The Life and Times of Mrs. Henry B. Harris.”
Titanic Commutator
36, no. 193–195.

Bigham, Randy Bryan. “Life’s Décor,” “Madame Lucile: A Life in Style,” “A Matter of Course,” and “Star Turn,” from ET. “Lady Duff Gordon: Saved from the
Titanic,” Titanic Commutator
15, no. 1.

Brewster, Hugh. “Sinking Sensation.”
Toronto Life
, May 1997.

Candee, Helen. “Sealed Orders.”
Collier’s
, May 4, 1912.

Chapman, Earl. “Gunshots on the
Titanic
.” ET.

Chirnside, Mark, and Sam Halpern. “
Olympic
and
Titanic:
Maiden Voyage Mysteries.” ET.

Dupuis, Michael. “And Mind You’re A Nurse.”
Herstoria
, issue 7, Autumn 2010, pp. 46–49.

Halpern, Sam. “
Titanic
—From Daunt’s Rock to a Collision.” Titanicology website.

Harris, René. “Her Husband Went Down with the
Titanic.” Liberty
, April 23, 1932.

Hyder, Jemma. “Excuse Sending … Am Half Asleep.” ET.

James. Henry. “Our Artists in Europe.”
Harper’s New Monthly
, June 1889.

Kamuda, Ed and Karen. “The Courtship and Wedding of Madeleine Talmage Force and Colonel John Jacob Astor.”
Titanic Commutator
35, no. 192.

Louden-Brown, Paul. “Ismay and the
Titanic
.” Titanic Historical Society website.

Molony, Senan. “A Tender Named America,” “Bruce Ismay and the Ring’s Taunt,” “The Fleecing of Hugh Woolner,” and “The Riddle of the Sphinx.” ET.

Mulpetre, Owen. “W. T. Stead & the Titanic.” Attacking the Devil website.

Pellegrino, Charles. “Astor, Straus, Futrelle.” Charles Pellegrino website.

Rosenbaum, Edith. Article in
Women’s Wear Daily
, April 19, 1912.

Ryerse, Phyllis. “Rich Man and Poor Man: The Story of the Ryersons on the
Titanic
.”
Titanic Commutator
14, no. 2.

Spedden, Margaretta Corning Stone, and Leighton Coleman. “Excerpts from the Daily Journal of ‘Daisy’ Spedden.”
Titanic Commutator
16, no. 3.

Ticehurst, Brian. “Marconigrams Sent and Received by Captain Smith on the
Titanic
.” ET.

Warchol, Clara B. “Edward Kent,
Titanic
Hero.”
Titanic Commutator
, December 1976.

Wilkinson, Paul. “
Titanic
’s Silent Distress Signals: A New Look at a Minor Mystery.” ET.

Wormstedt, Bill, Tad Fitch, and George Behe. in “Titanic: The Lifeboat Launching Sequence Re-examined.”
Wormstedt.com
.

Wormstedt, Bill, and Tad Fitch. “Did an Officer Commit Suicide on
Titanic
?”
Titanic Commutator
30, no. 173.

_____. “
Titanic
Lifeboat Occupancy Totals,”
wormstedt.com
.

Wojtczak, Helena. “Elsie Bowerman: Feminist and Barrister.” ET.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

My first acquaintance with the remarkable circle of people devoted to the study of the
Titanic
dates back to 1986, when I began working on Robert Ballard’s book about the discovery of the wreck. Twenty-five years later, I was delighted to be able to call once again on the expertise of that same circle, now greatly enlarged. Ed and Karen Kamuda of the Titanic Historical Society have been outstanding conservers of the lost liner’s history since 1963 and I’m grateful for their assistance with research and photographs and for the many articles in the organization’s magazine,
The Titanic Commutator
. I have also had the pleasure of working on several books with the THS’s historian, Don Lynch, who has an astonishingly comprehensive knowledge of the lives of those who made the fatal voyage. For this book, Don generously reviewed each chapter, caught many potentially embarrassing errors, pointed me towards useful new information, and shared photographs from his collection.

George Behe, a past vice-president of the THS, has also put in years of assiduous research on the
Titanic
and I am very grateful for his unflagging kindness and assistance. His scholarly three-volume biography of Major Archibald Butt,
“Archie”: The Life of Major Archibald Butt from Georgia to the Titanic
, is invaluable to anyone interested in the life of this intriguing man, or the history of the White House during the Theodore Roosevelt and Taft administrations. Another of George’s books that I found to be of inestimable help is
On Board RMS Titanic
, a useful compilation of first-person accounts of the disaster. George also carefully reviewed various drafts of the text, though any errors in it are mine alone.

In articles and books, Randy Bryan Bigham has documented the lives of some of the ship’s most extraordinary women: Lucy Duff Gordon, Renée Harris, Helen Candee, Dorothy Gibson, and Noëlle Rothes, among others. Randy generously shared his extensive research and picture collection with me, and provided excellent suggestions and welcome encouragement as he read each chapter. He also gave me prepublication access to his book,
Lucile: Her Life by Design
.

The life of Frank Millet has now been properly chronicled in a definitive biography by Peter Engstrom entitled
Francis Davis Millet: A Titanic Life
. I’m indebted to Peter for sharing his book in manuscript form, and for giving me a guided tour of East Bridgewater and the Millet studio. In Broadway, Worcestershire, John Noott kindly provided accommodation at Farnham House, another Millet residence, and Lord Birdwood gave me a tour of Russell House, the artist’s second home in Broadway, while Richard Tae welcomed me to the Abbots Grange which was once a studio for Millet and the Broadway colony. I’m also grateful to John Lamoreau for sharing his Millet letters and to Shelley Dziedzic for her research and photos of both Frank and his friend Archie Butt.

For editorial suggestions I must thank my early readers, Larry Muller and Marian Fowler, and also my agent Beverly Slopen, editors Brad Wilson and Charlie Conrad, assistant editor Miriam Chotiner-Gardner, production editorial director Mark McCauslin, and copy editor Richard Willett. Thanks also go to Tad Fitch for reviewing the chapters concerned with the loading of the lifeboats. I also drew on a convincing new lifeboat loading sequence, which Tad worked on with Bill Wormstedt and George Behe, that is available on Bill Wormstedt’s website. Sam Halpern and Geoff Whitfield provided insight into how the daily on-board betting pool was operated and Michael Poirier also reviewed the text and provided suggestions and photographs. Special thanks to Michael Dupuis for sending me his article about Mary Adelaide Snider. Artist Ken Marschall, a longtime friend and illustrator of many
Titanic
books, also provided photographs from his collection. Thanks also to Gord Sibley for his advice.

It’s a privilege to have been able to quote from an unpublished memoir by R. Norris Williams, and I’m grateful to the Williams family for that and for the rare photograph of Norris with his father, Charles Williams. Leighton H Coleman III, with whom I once worked on the children’s book
Polar the Titanic Bear
, allowed me to quote from the diaries of Daisy Spedden, to which he holds the copyright, and to reprint a photograph of Daisy with her son and his nurse. Thanks also go to the Adlard family.

The Internet has become a highly effective tool for
Titanic
researchers, and the websites I have listed in the bibliography were particularly helpful. George Behe and Don Lynch have also provided a most useful service by posting transcripts from the two
Titanic
inquiries and the Limitation of Liability hearings on the Titanic Inquiry Project site. But above all, I owe a debt to Philip Hind and the Encyclopedia Titanica website. To have such a comprehensive repository of
Titanic
information available only a click away is something I’ve been grateful for on a daily basis. And although the contributors to ET are too numerous to name, I do wish to single out the following people: Earl Chapman, Mark Chirnside, Michael Findley, Dave Gittins, Philip Gowan, Sam Halpern, Mike Herbold, Alan Hustak, Daniel Klistorner, Senan Molony, Luke Owens, Inger Sheil, Michael Standart, Brian Ticehurst, David Whitmire, and Helena Wojtczak.

I’d like to thank Michael Levine for launching me into the sea lanes of
Titanic
publishing by introducing Al Cummings and myself to Robert Ballard in 1984. Thanks also to Bob Ballard for his undersea explorations of the
Titanic
and other lost ships and for happy collaborations on a long list of titles. Finally, the warmest of thanks go to my partner, Phillipp Andres, for his patience and support during the writing of this book.

PHOTOGRAPH AND ILLUSTRATION CREDITS

1.1
1.2
American Academy of Arts and Letters Collection, New York City

1.3
Atlanta History Center

1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
Author’s Collection

1.10
Bancroft Library, University of California

1.11
1.12
Brown Brothers

1.13
Canada Science & Technology Museum

1.14
Davison & Associates

1.15
1.16
1.17
Don Lynch Collection

1.18
1.19
1.20
George Behe Collection

1.21
1.22
1.23
Getty Images

1.24
Gregg H. Jasper Collection

1.25
International Tennis Hall of Fame & Museum

1.26
1.27
1.28
Irish Examiner

1.29
1.30
Ken Marschall Collection