God's Not Dead: Evidence for God in an Age of Uncertainty (31 page)

29
. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz,
Theodicy: Essays on the Goodness of God, the Freedom of Man and the Origin of Evil
, trans. E. M. Huggard, ed. A. Farrer (1951; LaSalle, IL: Open Court, 1985), 228.

30
. Christopher Hitchens,
The Portable Atheist: Essential Readings for the Nonbeliever
(Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, 2007), 394.

31
. Lewis,
Mere Christianity
, 47–48.

32
. Ross,
Why the Universe Is
, 159.

33
. Revelation 21:1–4.

34
. Ravi Zacharias,
Can Man Live Without God
(Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1994), 189.

35
. William Lane Craig debate with Sam Harris, “Is the Foundation of Morality Natural or Supernatural?”

C
HAPTER
4: T
HERE
W
AS A
B
EGINNING

1
. Sir Fred Hoyle, “The Universe: Past and Present Reflections,”
Engineering and Science
, November 1981, 12.

2
. Malcolm W. Browne, “Clues to Universe Origin Expected; The Making of the Universe,”
New York Times
, March 12, 1978.

3
. Stephen W. Hawking and Roger Penrose,
The Nature of Space and Time
(Princeton: Princeton University, 1996), 20.

4
. Carl Sagan,
Cosmos
(New York: Ballantine, 1980), 1.

5
. Bertrand Russell and Frederick Copleston, “A Debate on the Existence of God” in
The Existence of God
, ed. John Hick (New York: Collier, 1964), 175.

6
. P. C. W. Davies, “Spacetime Singularities in Cosmology,” in
The Study of Time III
, J. T. Fraser, ed. (New York: Springer Verlag, 1978), 78–79.

7
. Robert Jastrow,
God and the Astronomers
, 2nd ed. (New York: Norton and Norton, 1992), 9.

8
. Arthur S. Eddington, “The End of the World: From the Standpoint of Mathematical Physics,”
Nature
127 (1931): 450.

9
. Stephen Hawking,
A Brief History of Time: The Updated and Expanded Tenth Anniversary Edition
(New York: Bantam, 1996), 49.

10
. Sir Fred Hoyle,
The Intelligent Universe
(New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1983), 237.

11
. J. P. Moreland and William Lane Craig, ed.,
Philosophical Foundations for a Christian Worldview
(Downer’s Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2003), 465.

12
. Ibid., 468.

13
. William Lane Craig and J. P. Moreland, eds.,
The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology
(Chichester: Blackwell, 2009), 130.

14
. Ibid., 192.

15
. G. W. Leibniz, “On the Ultimate Origination of Things,” in
Leibniz: Philosophical Writings
, ed. G. H. R. Parkinson, trans., M. Morris and G. H. R. Parkinson (London: J. M. Dent, 1973), 136–44.

16
.
Richard Dawkins vs. John Lennox: The God Delusion Debate
, University of Alabama at Birmingham, October 3, 2007 (Birmingham: New Day Entertainment, 2007), DVD.

17
. Lawrence M. Krauss,
A Universe from Nothing: Why There Is Something Rather than Nothing
(New York: Free Press, 2012), xiv.

18
. http://www.reasons.org/articles/universe-from-nothing-a-critique-of-lawrence-krauss-book-part-1.

19
. Victor Stenger, “Why Is There Something Rather Than Nothing?”
Skeptical Enquirer
16, no. 2, June 2006, http://www.csicop.org/sb/show/why_is_there_something_rather_than_nothing (accessed September 20, 2012).

20
. Michael Shermer, “Nothing Is Negligible: Why There Is Something
Rather Than Nothing,”
eSkeptic
, July 11, 2012, http://www.skeptic.com/eskeptic/12-07-11/#feature (accessed September 20, 2012).

21
. Allan Sandage, quoted in J. N. Willford, “Sizing up the Cosmos: An Astronomer’s Quest,”
New York Times
, March 12, 1991, B9.

22
. Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow,
The Grand Design
(New York: Bantam Books, 2010), 180.

23
.
Curiosity
, “Did God Create the Universe?” YouTube, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcrRyK4uO8g.

24
.
The Wizard of Oz
, directed by King Vidor (1936; Burbank, CA: Warner Home Video, 1999), DVD.

25
. Sean Carroll, “The Pointless Universe,” in John Brockman, ed.,
This Will Make You Smarter: New Scientific Concepts to Improve Your Thinking
(New York: HarperCollins, 2012), 9.

26
. Krauss,
A Universe from Nothing
, 142.

27
. Richard Dawkins,
The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design
(1986; New York: Norton, 1996), 15.

28
. Alvin Plantinga, “The Dawkins Confusion: Naturalism ‘ad absurdum,’ ”
Christianity Today
, March/April 2007, http://www.booksandculture.com/articles/2007/marapr/1.21.html (accessed September 20, 2012).

29
. Richard Swinburne, “Argument from the Fine-Tuning of the Universe,”
Physical Cosmology and Philosophy
, ed. John Leslie (New York: Macmillan, 1991), 160.

30
. John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler,
The Anthropic Cosmological Principle
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1986), 40.

31
. Hugh Ross,
Creator and the Cosmos: How the Latest Scientific Discoveries of the Century Reveal God
(Colorado Springs: NavPress, 2001), 150.

32
. For a detailed description, see Hugh Ross,
Why the Universe Is the Way It Is
(Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 2008).

33
. John C. Lennox,
God’s Undertaker: Has Science Buried God?
(Oxford: Lion Hudson, 2009), 71.

34
.
The New Encyclopedia of Unbelief
, Tom Flynn, ed. (Amherst: Prometheus, 2007), s.v. “Anthropic Principle, the,” by Victor Stenger.

35
. Freeman Dyson,
Disturbing the Universe
(New York: Harper and Row, 1979), 250.

36
. Hoyle, “Universe: Past and Present Reflections,” 8–12.

37
. Paul Davies, “Yes, the universe looks like a fix. But that doesn’t mean a god fixed it,”
Guardian
, June 25, 2007, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2007/jun/26/spaceexploration.comment (accessed September 20, 2012).

38
. John Horgan, “Clash in Cambridge: Science and religion seem as antagonistic as ever,”
Scientific American
, September 2005, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=clash-in-cambridge&page=2 (accessed September 20, 2012).

39
. Edward Harrison,
Masks of the Universe: Changing Ideas on the Nature of the Cosmos
(New York: Collier Books, 1985), 252, 263, 286.

40
. William Lane Craig,
Natural Theology
, 142–44.

41
. C. S. Lewis,
Mere Christianity
(1952; New York: HarperCollins, 2001), 31–32.

42
.
Dawkins vs. Lennox: The God Delusion Debate
.

43
. Jastrow,
God and the Astronomers,
9–10.

44
.
Dawkins vs. Lennox: The God Delusion Debate
.

C
HAPTER
5: L
IFE
I
S
N
O
A
CCIDENT

1
. Darwin,
On the Origin of Species: By Means of Natural Selection
, ed. Thomas Crawford (New York: Dover Thrift, 2006), 119.

2
. Richard Dawkins, “The Illusion of Design” in
Biological Anthropology: An Introductory Reader
, ed. Michael Alan Park (New York: McGraw Hill, 2007), 30.

3
. Anthony Flew,
There Is a God: How the World’s Most Notorious Atheist Changed His Mind
(New York: HarperOne, 2008), 75.

4
. Ibid.

5
. Bill Gates,
The Road Ahead
, rev. ed. (New York: Penguin, 1996), 228.

6
. Dan Cray, “God vs. Science: A spirited debate between atheist biologist Richard Dawkins and Christian geneticist Francis Collins,”
Time,
November 13, 2006.

7
. Francis S. Collins,
The Language of Life: DNA and the Revolution in Personalized Medicine
(New York: HarperCollins, 2010), 6.

8
. Julian Huxley, “At Random: A Television Preview” in
Evolution After Darwin
, ed. Sol Tax (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1960), 45.

9
.
Richard Dawkins vs. John Lennox: The God Delusion Debate
, University of Alabama at Birmingham, October 3, 2007 (Birmingham: New Day Entertainment, 2007), DVD.

10
. Albert Einstein,
The World as I See It
, trans. Alan Harris (1948; New York: Wisdom Library, 2000), 29.

11
. Jared Diamond, “Foreword,” in Ernst Mayr,
What Evolution Is
(New York: Basic, 2001), vii.

12
. Jerry A. Coyne,
Why Evolution Is True
(New York: Penguin, 2009), 3.

13
. Richard Dawkins,
The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design
(1986; New York: Norton, 1996), 29.

14
. Hugh Ross, personal interview with author, October 26, 2012. Used by permission.

15
. Darwin,
On the Origin of Species,
305.

16
.
Dawkins vs. Lennox: The God Delusion Debate
.

17
.
Richard Dawkins vs. John Lennox: The God Delusion Debate
, University of Alabama at Birmingham, October 3, 2007 (Birmingham: New Day Entertainment, 2007), DVD.

18
. Dawkins,
Blind Watchmaker
, 1.

19
. Francis Crick,
What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery
(New York: Basic, 1988), 138.

20
. Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe,
Evolution from Space
(London: Granada Publishing Ltd., 1981), 20.

21
. Fred Hoyle, in “Hoyle on Evolution,”
Nature
,” vol. 294, 12 November 1981, 105.

22
. Hoyle and Wickramasinghe,
Evolution from Space,
28.

23
. Richard Dawkins,
The God Delusion
(New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2006) 147.

24
. Daniel Came, “Richard Dawkins Refusal to Debate Is Cynical and Anti-Intellectual,”
The Guardian,
October 22, 2011, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/belief/2011/oct/22/richard-dawkins-refusal-debate-william-lane-craig?CMP=twt_gu.

25
. Alvin Plantinga,
Where the Conflict Really Lies: Science, Religion, and Naturalism
(New York: Oxford University, 2012), 27.

26
. Richard Dawkins, “Militant Atheism,” Monterey, California, February 2002, http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/richard_dawkins_on_militant_atheism.html (accessed September 20, 2012).

27
. Jerry M. Mendel and Dongrui Wu,
Perceptual Computing: Aiding People in Making Subjective Judgments
(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 20.

28
. Richard Dawkins,
Climbing Mount Improbable
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1996), 77.

29
. Michael J. Behe,
Darwin’s Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution
(New York: Free Press, 2006), 69–72.

30
. Edgar Andrews,
Who Made God? Searching for a Theory of Everything
(Maitland, FL: Xulon Press, 2012), 76–77.

31
. Ming Wang, personal conversation with author, June 5, 2012.

32
.
Calvin and Hobbes
copyright 1990 Watterson. Distributed by Universal Press Syndicate.

33
. Hugh Ross, interview with author.

34
. William A. Dembski,
The Design Revolution: Answering the Toughest Questions About Intelligent Design
(Downer’s Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2004), 87–93.

35
. J. Madeleine Nash, “When Life Exploded,”
Time
, December 4, 1995, http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19951204,00.html (accessed September 21, 2012).

36
. Ibid.

37
. Darwin,
On the Origin of Species,
95.

38
. G. M. Narbonne, quoted in Nash, “When Life Exploded.”

39
. For detailed discussion, see Walter Remine,
The Biotic Message: Evolution Versus Message Theory
(Saint Paul, MN: Saint Paul Science, publishers, 1993).

C
HAPTER
6: L
IFE
H
AS
M
EANING AND
P
URPOSE

1
. Lawrence Krauss, lecture, “A Universe from Nothing,” Oxford University, Oxford England, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjaGktVQdNg (accessed September 21, 2012).

2
. C. S. Lewis,
Mere Christianity
(1952; New York: HarperCollins, 2001), 39.

3
. Carl Sagan, CBC interview, October 1988, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5GFoFh4T2g.

4
. William Lane Craig,
On Guard: Defending Your Faith with Reason and Precision
(Colorado Springs: David C. Cook, 2010), 30.

5
. Harold S. Kushner, “Foreword,” in Viktor E. Frankl,
Man’s Search for Meaning
(New York: Beacon, 2006), x.

6
. Frankl,
Man’s Search for Meaning,
ix.

7
. Friedrich Nietzsche,
The Anti-Christ
, trans. H. L. Mencken (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1923), 122.

8
. For more information, please visit TheGodTest.org.

9
. Richard Dawkins,
River Out of Eden: A Darwinian View of Life
(New York: Basic, 1995), 112.

10
. Bertrand Russell,
Why I Am Not a Christian and Other Essays on Religion and Related Subjects
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1957), 107.

11
. Jean-Paul Sartre,
Truth and Existence
, ed. Ronald Aronson, trans. Adrian van den Hoven (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1992), 71.