Hitler: Ascent, 1889-1939 (157 page)

121 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 2, part 2, doc. 209, p. 587. See Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/2, p. 301 (entry for 12 Dec. 1927): “The boss was generally in good spirits. The cause is coming along well on all fronts.”

122 
R. Buttmann’s diary entry for 4 Jan. 1928; BayHStA München, Nl Buttmann 85.

123 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 2, part 2, doc. 272, pp. 836f. (dated 14 May 1928).

124 
Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/2, p. 368 (entry for 13 May 1928).

125 
On the results of the Reichstag election see Peter D. Stachura, “Der kritische Wendepunkt? Die NSDAP und die Reichstagswahlen vom 20. 5. 1928,” in
Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte
, 26 (1978), pp. 66–99 (tables on pp. 84f.).

126 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 2, part 2, doc. 279, p. 847 (dated 20 May 1928). See Hess,
Briefe
, pp. 392f. (dated 28 June 1928): “What is better, stronger and more powerful has prevailed because of natural selection and now exists as a single party with an ethnic orientation.”

127 
Deuerlein,
Aufstieg
, p. 293; Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/2, p. 373 (entry for 21 May 1928).

128 
See Longerich,
Goebbels
, p. 100. On the temporary ban between May 1927 and April 1928 see ibid., pp. 104–9. On the development of the Berlin NSDAP under the leadership of Goebbels see Andreas Wirsching,
Vom Weltkrieg zum Bürgerkrieg? Politischer Extremismus in Deutschland und Frankreich 1918–1933/39: Berlin und Paris im Vergleich
, Munich, 1999, pp. 437–54; Friedrich,
Die missbrauchte Hauptstadt
, pp. 160ff.

129 
R. Buttmann’s diary entries for 4 and 10 July 1928; BayHStA München, Nl Buttmann 85. On the election results in Munich see Rösch,
Die Münchner NSDAP
, pp. 227, 534.

130 
Quoted in Richard J. Evans,
The Coming of the Third Reich
, London, 2004, p. 209; see Stachura, “Wendepunkt,” p. 93.

131 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 2, part 2, doc. 203, pp. 570–82.

132 
Ibid., vol. 2, part 2, doc. 254, pp. 771f. (dated 13 April 1928).

133 
Hitler,
Monologe
, pp. 206f. (dated 16/17 Jan. 1942). On the dating of the rental agreement see Anton Joachimsthaler,
Hitlers Liste: Ein Dokument persönlicher Beziehungen
, Munich, 2003, pp. 285, 288f. Ulrich Chaussy,
Nachbar Hitler: Führerkult und Heimatzerstörung am Obersalzberg
, 6th revised and extended edition, Berlin, 2007, p. 46, erroneously gives spring 1927 as the date. Elsa Bruckmann, Winifred Wagner and Helene Bechstein helped with the furnishing of the Wachenfeld guesthouse. See Joachimsthaler,
Hitlers Liste
, p. 124; Käfer, “Hitlers frühe Förderer,” p. 59. Helene Bechstein shared Hitler’s preference for the Obersalzberg. On 27 July 1926 she told Rudolf Hess that she was delighted that “Wolf” was able to relax there for a few days: “Hopefully he will find a house up there someday. I won’t give up on that plan.” BA Bern, Nl Hess, J1.211-1993/300, Box 2. In Feb. 1927 the Bechsteins bought a house for themselves on the Obersalzberg from an industrialist from Fürth; see Joachimsthaler,
Hitlers Liste
, p. 87f.

134 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen—Februar 1925 bis Januar 1933. Vol. 6: Register, Karten, Nachträge
, ed. Katja Klee, Christian Hartmann and Klaus A. Lankheit, Munich, 2003, doc. 8, pp. 325f. (dated 17 May 1926). See Othmar Plöckinger,
Geschichte eines Buches: Adolf Hitlers “Mein Kampf” 1922–1945
, Munich, 2006, pp. 159f.; Timothy W. Ryback,
Hitler’s Private Library: The Books That Shaped His Life
, London, 2009, pp.79–84; Heimo Schwilk,
Ernst Jünger: Ein Jahrhundertleben
, Munich and Zurich, 2007, p. 289.

135 
Quoted in Martynkewicz,
Salon Deutschland
, p. 425.

136 
Gerhard L. Weinberg (ed.),
Hitlers Zweites Buch: Ein Dokument aus dem Jahr 1928
, Stuttgart, 1961. Reprinted in Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen—Februar 1925 bis Januar 1933. Vol. 2 A: Aussenpolitische Standortbestimmung nach der Reichstagswahl Juni–Juli 1928
, ed. und annotated Gerhard L. Weinberg, Christian Hartmann and Klaus A. Lankheit, Munich, 1995.

137 
Hess,
Briefe
, p. 392 (dated 28 June 1928). See the letter from Winifred Wagner dated 24 June 1928: “Wolf is in Berchtesgaden writing a new book, which I’m to receive as a birthday present. Hess, who knows about these things, thinks very highly of it.” Hamann,
Winifred Wager
, pp. 165f.

138 
Adolf Hitler,
Die Südtiroler Frage und das Deutsche Bündnisproblem
, Munich, 1926; reprinted in Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 1, doc. 100, pp. 269–93.

139 
See the introduction by Gerhard L. Weinberg in Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 2A, pp. XVIf.; Kershaw,
Hitler: Hubris
, p. 291.

140 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 2A, quotations on pp. 10f., 19, 60, 66, 119, 183.

141 
Ibid., vol. 2, part 1, doc. 2, pp. 11–22. See Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/3, p. 53 (entry for 14 July 1928).

142 
See Plöckinger,
Geschichte eines Buches
, p. 163. In July 1929 Goebbels noted: “He’s writing a new book about foreign policy.” Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1 /3, p. 281 (entry for 5 July 1929).

143 
See the introduction by Gerhard L. Weinberg in Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 2A, pp. xxIf.; Ryback,
Hitler’s Private Library,
p. 92.

144 
Albert Speer,
Erinnerungen: Mit einem Essay von Jochen Thies
, Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, 1993, p. 100.

145 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 3, part 1, doc. 15, pp. 52f. (dated 2 Sept. 1928).

146 
Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/3; p. 75 (entry for 1 Sept. 1928).

147 
Tyrell,
Führer befiehl
, doc. 74, p. 196 (dated 29 March 1926).

148 
Ibid., doc. 82, pp. 211–13 (quotations on pp. 211, 212). It is uncertain whether the letter was sent or not. See ibid., p. 211n31.

149 
Ibid., doc. 98, p. 254. See Otto Erbersdobler’s answers to a questionnaire from A. Tyrell, July 1968; IfZ München, ZS 1949.

150 
See Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 1, doc. 50, p. 100: “The art of leadership consists of the leader taking the people in their current form as his material and deploying them where they are best deployed.”

151 
Albert Krebs,
Tendenzen und Gestalten der NSDAP: Erinnerungen aus der Frühzeit der Partei
, Stuttgart, 1959, pp. 127f. See Gregor Strasser’s similar statements in Wagener,
Hitler aus nächster Nähe
, pp. 127f.

152 
Krebs,
Tendenzen und Gestalten
, pp. 128f.

153 
Longerich,
Deutschland 1918–1933
, p. 254; Winkler,
Weimar
, p. 352.

154 
See Rudolf Heberle,
Landbevölkerung und Nationalsozialismus: Eine soziologische Untersuchung der politischen Willensbildung in Schleswig-Holstein 1918 bis 1932
, Stuttgart, 1963, pp. 124ff., 156ff.; Gerhard Stoltenberg,
Politische Strömungen im schleswig-holsteinischen Landvolk 1918–1933
, Düsseldorf, 1962, pp. 110ff.; Stephanie Merkenich,
Grüne Front gegen Weimar: Reichsland-Bund und agrarischer Lobbyismus 1918–1933
, Düsseldorf, 1998, pp. 247ff.

155 
Adolf Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen—Februar 1925 bis Januar 1933. Vol. 3: Zwischen den Reichstagswahlen Juli 1928–September 1930. Part 2: März 1929–Dezember 1929
, ed. Klaus A. Lankheit, Munich, 1994, doc. 14, p. 120 (dated 23 March 1920). See ibid., doc. 3, p. 36 (dated 6 March 1929): “What we had been preaching for years, now became reality.”

156 
Evans,
The Coming of the Third Reich
, p. 211.

157 
See the results in Tyrell,
Führer befiehl
, p. 381.

158 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 3, part 1, doc. 52, pp. 245–53 (dated 20 Nov. 1928).

159 
Hess,
Briefe
, p. 393 (dated 24 Oct. 1928).

160 
Deuerlein,
Aufstieg
, pp. 299–301. See also Hitler’s account of the trip, in which he gleefully noted “how greatly our National Socialist idea has taken form and shape in people’s heads here.” Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 3, part 2, doc. 9 and 10, pp. 105–14 (quotation on p. 111).

161 
Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/3, p. 247 (entry for 14 May 1929).

162 
G. Feder’s diaries, vol. 11 (entry for 25 June 1929): “Glorious election victory in Coburg. 13 of 25 seats!”; IfZ München, ED 874. On the election results see Falter
et al.
,
Wahlen und Abstimmungen
, pp. 98, 108, 111. See also Evans,
The Coming of the Third Reich
, p. 211.

163 
Hitler’s call of 1 March 1929 for the party rally in Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 3, part 2, doc. 1, pp. 3–7 (quotation on p. 5). See also Rudolf Hess to his parents, 21 May 1929: “This time it will be a magnificent occasion!” BA Bern, Nl Hess, J1.211-1989/148, 43.

164 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 3, part 1, doc. 67, pp. 357–60 (quotations on pp. 358, 359). See also Otto Wagener’s report, who had taken part in a rally for the first time. Wagener,
Hitler aus nächster Nähe
, pp. 9–21; Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/3, pp. 293–9 (entries for 1–6 Aug. 1929). The day’s programme is in BA Berlin-Lichterfelde, NS 26/391.

165 
See Longerich,
Die braunen Bataillone
, pp. 94f. According to testimony by Walter Stennes on 29 July 1968, the SA could “hardly be preserved” at that point. Stennes said that Hitler had been “desperate and pale as a sheet” and claimed that only intervention by himself and Salomon von Pfeffer had prevented a catastrophe. IfZ München, ZS 1147.

166 
According to sworn testimony by Prince August Wilhelm on 16 May 1947, he was accepted into the NSDAP in April 1930 and into the SA in December 1931. IfZ München, ZS 1318. See also Lothar Machtan,
Der Kaisersohn bei Hitler
, Hamburg, 2006, pp. 165–7, 171.

167 
Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/3, p. 295 (entry for 3 Aug. 1929).

168 
See Winkler,
Weimar
, pp. 347f.; Longerich,
Deutschland 1918–1933
, pp. 251f.

169 
See Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 3, part 2, doc. 50, pp. 290–2 (dated 9 July 1929), doc. 55, p. 303 (dated 25 July 1929), doc. 56, pp. 304f. (dated 25 July 1929). See also Klaus Wernecke (with Peter Heller),
Der vergessene Führer: Alfred Hugenberg—Pressemacht und Nationalsozialismus
, Hamburg, 1982, pp. 147ff. On Hugenberg’s media empire see Heidrun Holzbach,
Das “System Hugenberg”: Die Organisation bürgerlicher Sammlungspolitik vor dem Aufstieg der NSDAP
, Stuttgart, 1981, pp. 259ff.

170 
Goebbels,
Tagebücher
, part 1, vol. 1/3, p. 285 (entry for 12 July 1929).

171 
Ibid., p. 281 (entry for 5 July 1929). See Longerich,
Goebbels
, pp. 113–16.

172 
Hitler,
Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen
, vol. 3, part 2, doc. 88, pp. 411–20.

173 
On the election results see Falter
et al.
,
Wahlen und Abstimmungen
, pp. 90, 111.

174 
Harry Graf Kessler,
Das Tagebuch. Vol. 9: 1926–1937
, ed. Sabine Gruber and Ulrich Ott with Christoph Hilse and Nadin Weiss, Stuttgart, 2010, p. 264 (entry for 3 Oct. 1929), p. 268 (entry for 7 Oct. 1929). See also Jonathan Wright,
Gustav Stresemann 1878–1929: Weimars grösster Staatsmann
, Munich, 2006.

175 
See Hanfstaengl,
Zwischen Weissem und Braunem Haus
, p. 231; Heike B. Görtemaker,
Eva Braun: Leben mit Hitler
, Munich, 2010, p. 53. On Hugo Bruckmann’s help with renting the apartment see Joachimsthaler,
Hitlers Liste
, pp. 112–15. After visiting Prinzregentenstrasse on 10 April 1930, Winifred Wagner reported that Hitler had beamed “like a child.” See Hamann,
Winifred Wagner
, p. 181. The Reichert family, with whom Hitler had lodged on Thierschstrasse, also moved to Prinzregentenstrasse; there they lived in a small apartment on the third floor. Anni Winter, the wife of Ritter von Epp’s former manservant Georg Winter, became Hitler’s housekeeper. In early December 1933, the landlord assured Hitler that he intended neither to raise the rent nor to sell the apartment: Hugo Schühle to Hitler, 1 Dec. 1933; BA Berlin-Lichterfelde, NS 10/123. In 1935, Hitler bought the whole building, at which point the Reicherts moved out. That meant that Hitler had the third floor all to himself. See transcript of an interview with Anni Winter (undated, post-1945); IfZ München, ZS 194.