How to Ruin a Queen: Marie Antoinette and the Diamond Necklace Affair (63 page)

Marivaux, Jacques,
285

Marmontel, abbé,
26

Marmoutiers,
264

Marsan, comtesse de,
25
,
35
,
182
;

intervenes for Rohan,
37

Maugard, Antoine,
21

Maupeou, René Nicolas de,
165

Maurepas, Jean Frédéric Phélypeaux, comte de,
17
,
53
,
70
,
165–6

Maury, Jean Siffrein, abbé (
later
archbishop of Paris),
150–1

Mausard, Gervais,
90

Maza, Sarah,
233n

Mazarin, Cardinal Jules,
65

mémoires judiciaires
,
233–9

Mémoires Secrets
,
234–6

Mercier, Louis-Sébastien,
43
,
83
,
230
,
233n

Mercy-Argenteau, Florimond Claude, comte de,
29–32
,
34–6
; as Marie Antoinette’s advisor,
56–7
; on Marie Antoinette’s spontaneous generosity,
66
; and Marie Antoinette’s reference to affair,
91n
,
214
; on divisions among magistrates over Rohan verdict,
244–5
; and Jeanne’s sentence,
249
; on Nicolas’s offer to return,
252n
; and Marie Antoinette’s political role,
289

Meriadoc, Conan,
24

Mesmer, Franz Anton,
119

Michelet, Jules,
306

Mirabeau, Honoré, comte de:
Essai sur les lettres de cachets
,
155
,
282

Mirabeau, vicomte de,
297–8

Miromesnil, Armand, marquis de,
145
,
161
,
166

Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley,
30

Montbarey, prince de,
42

Montbazon, duc and duchesse de,
182

Montbazon, prince de,
182
,
247

Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, baron de:
Persian Letters
,
72

Montfort, Nicolas Salins de,
38

Montgodefroy, Boula de,
245

Morande, Charles Thévenot de,
261–3
,
275

Morellet, abbé,
26–7

Morning Star
(newspaper),
272

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus,
52

Mutzig,
38

Napoleon I (Bonaparte), Emperor of the French,
4
,
299

Narbonne, marquise de,
14–15

National Assembly,
265–6
,
291

Necker, Jacques,
45–6

necklace: described,
100–1
; negotiations over purchase,
102–7

Newcastle upon Tyne,
253–4

Noailles, Anne Claude Laurence, comtesse de,
57

Noailles, Emmanuel Marie Louis, marquis de,
231–2

Oberkirch, Henriette de Waldner, baronne de: on Versailles court,
43

Oliva, baronne d’
see
Guay, Nicole de

O’Neil, chevalier,
124–5

Orléans, Louis Philippe Joseph, duc d’,
60
,
265
,
282

Ormesson, Henri d’,
45–6
,
54
,
63

Oudry, Jean-Baptiste,
66

Palais de Justice: Grand Chambre,
179

Palais-Royal, Paris,
83–4

Paris: population growth,
10
; spies and informants in,
140
; gossip and rumour in,
231
; rioting (1789),
266

Paris, Jacques-Christophe,
123

parlement
of Paris: function,
163
,
165–7
,
178
,
201–2
,
226–7
; passes judgement,
241–4
; in recess,
248

Paul, Grand Duke of Russia,
64

Pelleport, Anne-Gédéon Lafitte, marquis de,
180–1

Penthièvre, Louis Jean Marie, duc de,
53
,
99

Persan (magistrate),
243

Petit Trianon,
59–60

Pius VI, Pope,
295–6

Planta, Frédéric, baron de,
47
,
73
,
86–7
,
97
,
99
,
104
,
160
,
166
,
205–6

Poland,
32–3

Polignac, Yolande, duchesse de (
née
Polastron): at Versailles,
42
, friendship with Marie Antoinette,
59
,
183
,
188
,
278
; and Staël-Holstein,
146n
,
180
; informs Marie Antoinette of court verdict,
246
; suspected of calling on Jeanne,
269
; and Jeanne’s escape to England,
272
; Jeanne claims to usurp as queen’s confidante,
276

Pompadour, Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, marquise de,
25
,
59

Pont, vicomte de,
182

Prévost, abbé (Antoine François Prévost d’Exiles):
72
;
Manon Lescaut
,
182

Price, Munro,
306

Provence, Louis Xavier, comte de (Louis XVI’s brother;
later
King Louis XVIII),
17
,
53
,
282
,
300–1
,
307

Quidor, Inspector,
174–5
,
210
,
254–6

Quinques, Madame,
67

Ramond, Jean-Baptiste,
12

Ramond, Marie (
née
Jossell;
then
Saint-Rémy; Jeanne’s mother),
9–12

Rapin, René:
Réflexions sur la poétique d’Aristote
,
193

récolement
,
201

réglement à l’extraordinaire
,
201–2

Regnier, Pierre-Auguste,
124

Reigny, Breffroy de,
120

Reine dévoillé
,
La
,
283

requêtes
,
201

Rétaux de Villette, Marc-Antoine: on relationship between Rohan and Jeanne,
46
; arrives in Paris,
63–4
; background and character,
63–4
; at false rendezvous between Rohan and queen,
88
; in secret negotiations to purchase necklace,
108
; attempts to sell diamonds,
123
; and Nicolas La Motte’s claims to responsibility,
126
; absence in Bar,
132
; leaves Paris,
142
,
212
; Jeanne’s closeness to,
172–3
; handwriting,
208
,
216
; arrested in Geneva and repatriated to Paris,
209–10
; interrogated,
210–11
; as forger of Marie Antoinette letters,
211–12
,
216
,
222
; confrontation with Jeanne and Rohan,
216–19
,
222–3
; denies knowledge of necklace,
218
; fears guilty sentence,
223
; admits role in affair,
225
,
228
; interrogated by whole court,
227
; verdict and punishments,
241–2
,
245
,
248
; banished,
243
; plea from brother,
248
;
Mémoire Historique des Intrigues de la Cour
,
280

Rétif de la Bretonne, Nicolas Edme,
76

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1695),
273

Richardson, Samuel:
Clarissa
,
72

Richelieu, Cardinal Armand Jean Duplessis, duc de,
65

Rivarol, Antoine de,
246

Rivière, Jean-Baptiste,
146n

Robecq, prince de,
126

Robert, Hubert,
59

Robespierre, Maximilien,
282
,
288

Rohan family,
1
,
24–5
,
28
,
140
,
179
,
232
,
244–5

Rohan, Armand Gaston Maximilien, bishop of Strasbourg,
65

Rohan, prince Camille de,
182

Rohan, prince Charles de,
182

Rohan, Ferdinand, archbishop of

Bordeaux,
37
,
253

Rohan, Louis Constantin, bishop of Strasbourg,
26
,
37
; death,
299

Rohan, Cardinal Louis René Edouard de, prince-bishop of Strasbourg: accused of stealing necklace,
1
,
3
; Marie Antoinette’s scorn for,
2–3
,
28
,
35–6
,
64
; protects Jeanne de La Motte-Valois,
2
,
141
; mediates between queen and jewellers,
3
; marquise de Boulainvilliers stays with,
23
; background and character,
25–6
; welcomes Marie Antoinette to France,
28
; appointed ambassador to Vienna,
29–31
,
33
; life-style and behaviour,
31–2
,
34
; poor health,
34
; as compulsive gossip,
35n
,
97
; elevated to Strasbourg bishopric,
37–8
; generosity,
39
; Jeanne meets,
39
; Jeanne appeals to,
43–4
,
46
; Jeanne importunes,
44
; supposed liaison with
Jeanne,
46
; financial support for Jeanne,
47
& n,
96–7
,
99
; frustrated political ambitions,
64–5
; and Jeanne’s claim to friendship with Marie Antoinette,
65–9
,
71
; fictional correspondence with Marie Antoinette,
68
,
71
,
73–5
,
77–80
,
82
,
127
; rendezvous with supposed queen in Versailles gardens,
86–9
,
92–3
,
95
; ordered to Alsace,
98
; in negotiations to purchase necklace,
104–8
,
127–8
; summoned to Paris by note from Marie Antoinette,
104
; meets Cagliostro,
116–19
,
121
; dictates letter to queen on purchase of necklace,
128–9
; negotiates with Sainte-James,
130
; Breteuil’s hostility to,
131
; memorandum on necklace affair,
131–2
; suspicions about possible trickery,
133–4
; desire to protect Jeanne,
134–5
; jewellers question role in swindle,
140
; reassures Bassenge,
142–3
; maintains confidence,
143
; requests jewellers to purchase necklace,
145
; questioned by Louis XVI and confesses,
146
; Louis XVI orders arrest,
147–8
; papers burnt,
153
,
232
; inquiry into conduct,
154–5
; transferred to and detained in Bastille,
155–7
,
180
,
182
; Jeanne claims infatuated with Cagliostro,
159
,
195
; refuses to be interrogated by Crosne,
160
; Louis XVI and Council consider proceedings against,
161–2
; accepts having been deceived by Jeanne,
162–3
; elects for court trial,
163–4
,
166
; Louis XVI issues letters patent accusing,
167
; charges framed,
168–9
; defence difficulties in trial,
171
; relief at Jeanne’s burning papers,
173
; evidence presented of boasts of meeting queen,
177
; and discrediting of Jeanne’s testimony,
177
; Laurencel’s hostility to,
178–9
;
decret de prise de corps
against,
179–80
; health decline and depression,
182
,
206
,
225–6
,
228
; interrogated by Titon and testimony,
188–91
,
194
,
226
; in Jeanne’s testimony to Titon,
195–200
; Titon recalls to hear Jeanne’s accusations,
199
; suspended from cardinalate,
201
; deflated by
réglement à l’extraordinaire
,
202
; escorted to interrogations,
205
; on Jeanne’s behaviour at interrogations,
206
; maintains composure at interrogations,
206–7
; agrees with d’Oliva’s testimony,
207
; confrontations with Jeanne,
213–16
,
221–5
; confrontation with Villette,
218–19
,
223
; denies affair with Jeanne,
221–2
; interrogated by whole court,
227–9
; popular support and sympathy for,
232–3
,
247–8
; in Doillot’s
mémoire
,
234
;
mémoire
,
237–9
; charges laid before
parlement
,
241
; sentences proposed,
241–3
; absolved by magistrates,
244
; returned to Bastille,
244
; Louis issues
lettre de cachet
against,
247
,
259
; released,
247
; leaves Paris,
263–4
; exile suppressed and return home,
264
; restored to cardinalate,
264
; elected deputy,
265
; as emigré,
266
; and outbreak of Revolution,
266
; in Jeanne’s
Mémoires Justificatifs
,
277–8
; and French Revolution,
297–8
; Cagliostro’s influence on,
298
; finds nugget of gold,
298
; wanderings in late years,
299
; death,
299–300
; Carlyle on,
304–5
; historians’ view of,
306