Insectopedia (61 page)

9.
Hesse-Honegger,
Heteroptera
, 94–96.

10.
Ibid.

11.
Hesse-Honegger discusses some of this material in the works already cited. For more detailed accounts, see, among others, Ernest J. Sternglass,
Secret Fallout: Low-Level Radiation from Hiroshima to Three Mile Island
(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981); Ralph Graeub,
The Petkau Effect: The Devastating Effect of Nuclear Radiation on Human Health and the Environment
(New York: Four Walls Eight Windows, 1994); Jay M. Gould and Benjamin A. Goldman,
Deadly Deceit: Low-Level Radiation High-Level Cover-up
(New York: Four Walls Eight Windows, 1990); and Jay M. Gould,
The Enemy Within: The High Cost of Living Near Nuclear Reactors
(New York: Four Walls Eight Windows, 1996). On activist alliances between scientists and community groups, see, for example, Steven Epstein,
Impure Science: AIDS, Activism, and the Politics of Knowledge
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996); Phil Brown and Edwin J. Mikkelsen,
No Safe Place: Toxic Waste, Leukemia, and Community Action
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990); and Sabrina McCormick, Phil Brown, and Stephen Zvestoski, “The Personal Is Scientific, the Scientific Is Political: The Public Paradigm of the Environmental Breast Cancer Movement,”
Sociological Forum
18, no. 4 (2003): 545–76. My thanks to Alondra Nelson for directing me to Phil Brown’s work.

12.
For Busby’s second-event theory, see Chris Busby,
Wings of Death: Nuclear Pollution and Human Health
(Aberystwyth, U.K.: Green Audit, 1995), and Busby, interview by Sunny Miller, May 8, 2004, Grassrootspeace.org,
http://traprockpeace.org/chris_busby_08may04.html
.

13.
See, for example, the newspaper and magazine articles included in Hesse-Honegger,
Warum bin ich in Österfärnebo?
, 93–101.

14.
Hesse-Honegger,
Heteroptera
, 99.

15.
Ibid., 127.

16.
Cornelia Hesse-Honegger, “Leaf Bugs, Radioactivity and Art,”
N.paradoxa: International Feminist Art Journal
9 (2002): 53.

17.
Cornelia Hesse-Honegger, “Der Verdacht” [The Suspicion],
Tages-Anzeiger Magazin
, April 1989, 34.

18.
Max Bill,
Konkrete Gestaltung
[
Concrete Formation
] in
Zeitprobleme in der Schweizer Malerei und Plastik
, exhibition catalogue (Kunsthaus Zürich, 1936), quoted in ibid., 82.

19.
Max Bill, quoted in Margit Weinberg-Staber, “Quiet Abodes of Geometry,” in
Concrete Art in Europe after 1945
, ed. Marlene Lauter (Ostfildern-Ruit, Germany: Hatje Cantz, 2002), 77.

20.
Peter Suchin, “Forces of the Small: Painting as Sensuous Critique,” quoted in Hesse-Honegger,
Future’s Mirror
, n.p.

21.
Hesse-Honegger,
Heteroptera
, 132.

22.
Ibid.

23.
Ibid., 179.

24.
See especially Paul Feyerabend,
Against Method: Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge
(London: New Left Books, 1975).

25.
Cornelia Hesse-Honegger, “Field Study around the Hanford Site in the States Washington and Idaho, USA” (unpublished manuscript, Zürich, 1998–99), n.p.

26.
Cornelia Hesse-Honegger, “Field Study in the Area of the Nuclear Reprocessing Plant, La Hague, Normandie, France, 1999” (unpublished manuscript, Zürich, 2000–2003), n.p.

27.
Cornelia Hesse-Honegger, “Field Study in the Area of the Nuclear Test Site, Nevada and Utah, USA, 1997” (unpublished manuscript, Zürich, n.d.), n.p.

1.
Hans Erich Nossack, “Der Untergang,” in
Interview mit dem Tode
(Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Suhrkamp, 1963), 238, quoted in W. G. Sebald,
On the Natural History of Destruction
, trans. Anthea Bell (New York: Random House, 2003), 35. Available in English: Hans Erich Nossack,
The End: Hamburg 1943
, trans. Joel Agee (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004).

2.
“Seen from Above,” in
Miracle Fair: Selected Poems of Wisawa Szymborska
, trans. Joanna Trzeciak (New York: W. W. Norton, 2001), 66. My thanks to Dilip Menon and Lara Jacob for introducing me to Szymborska’s work and to this poem in particular.

3.
Primo Levi,
Other People’s Trades
, trans. Raymond Rosenthal (New York: Summit Books, 1989), 17.

4.
Nossack, “Der Untergang,” quoted in Sebald,
On the Natural History of Destruction
, 35.

1.
Jean-Henri Fabre, “The Greenbottles,” in
The Life of the Fly
, trans. Alexander Teixeira de Mattos (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1913), 232; Fabre, “The Bluebottle: The Laying,” in
Life of the Fly
, 316. A full-length critical account of Fabre’s work is
Patrick Tort,
Fabre: Le Miroir aux insectes
(Paris: Vuibert/Adapt, 2002). See also Colin Favret, “Jean-Henri Fabre: His Life Experiences and Predisposition against Darwinism,”
American Entomologist
45, no. 1 (1999): 38–48, and Georges Pasteur, “Jean Henri Fabre,”
Scientific American
, July 1994, 74–80. More often, biographers have been happy to participate in Fabre’s self-fashioning while ignoring his theoretical ambitions. See, for example, Yves Delange,
Fabre: L’homme qui aimait les insectes
(Paris: Actes Sud, 1999). The “authorized biography” of Fabre was written by his friend and admirer Georges Victor Legros. G. V. Legros,
Fabre: Poet of Science
, trans. Bernard Miall (1913; repr., Whitefish, Mont.: Kessinger, 2004).

2.
Fabre, “The Harmas,” in
Life of the Fly
, 15.

3.
Tort,
Fabre
, 64.

4.
Fabre, “Harmas,” quoted in ibid., 16.

5.
Tort,
Fabre
, 27.

6.
Jean-Henri Fabre, “The Odyneri,” in
The Mason-Wasps
, trans. Alexander Teixeira de Mattos (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1919), 59.

7.
Fabre, “Harmas,” 18.

8.
Jean-Henri Fabre, “The Fable of the Cigale and the Ant,” in
Social Life in the Insect World
, trans. Bernard Miall (New York: Century, 1912), 6; Fabre, “Harmas,” 24.

9.
Fabre, “The Song of the Cigale,” in
Social Life in the Insect World
, 36.

10.
Norma Field, “Jean Henri Fabre and Insect Life in Modern Japan” (unpublished manuscript, n.d.), 6. My thanks to Norma Field for sending me this extremely helpful paper.

11.
Fabre, quoted in Delange,
Fabre
, 55.

12.
Jean-Henri Fabre, “The Bembex,” in
The Hunting Wasps
, trans. Alexander Teixeira de Mattos (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1915), 156.

13.
Fabre, “The Great Cerceris,” in
Hunting Wasps
, 12.

14.
Fabre, “The Yellow-Winged Sphex,” in
Hunting Wasps
, 36.

15.
Fabre, “The Eumenes,” in
Mason-Wasps
, 10, 12, 13.

16.
Fabre, “Aberrations of Instinct,” in
Mason-Wasps
, 109.

17.
Fabre, quoted in Legros,
Fabre
, 14.

18.
Fabre, quoted in ibid., 13.

19.
Fabre, quoted in ibid.

20.
Tort (
Fabre
, 57) describes the two men:
“Unis par une vaste érudition, une sympathie éthique et l’expérience partagée de la douleur.”
Fabre and Mill undertook a joint, never-completed project to produce a flora of the Vaucluse.

21.
Romain Rolland, letter to G. V. Legros, January 7, 1910, quoted in Delange,
Fabre
, 322. The Nobel Prize that year was awarded to another great admirer of Fabre’s, the dramatist Maurice Maeterlinck, a writer with an interest in entomology rather than an entomologist who was also a writer.

22.
Fabre, “Harmas,” 14.

23.
Legros,
Fabre
, 17; Fabre, quoted in Tort,
Fabre
, 25–26.

24.
Fabre, “Odyneri,” 47.

25.
Ibid., 46; Fabre, “Eumenes,” 25.

26.
See the thorough discussion in Tort,
Fabre
, esp. 205–40.

27.
Fabre, “The Modern Theory of Instinct,” in
Hunting Wasps
, 403.

28.
Fabre, “The Ammophilae,” in
Hunting Wasps
, 271.

29.
Charles Darwin,
The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
(London: Penguin, 2004), 88, 87. See also Daniel R. Papaj, “Automatic Learning and the Evolution of Instinct: Lessons from Learning in Parasitoids,” in
Insect Learning: Ecological and Evolutionary Perspectives
, ed. Daniel R. Papaj and Alcinda C. Lewis (New York: Chapman and Hall, 1993), 243–72.

30.
Fabre, “Modern Theory of Instinct,” 411.

31.
Fabre, “Ammophilae,” 269.

32.
Ibid., 270.

33.
Ibid., 377–78.

34.
R. J. Herrnstein, “Nature as Nurture: Behaviorism and the Instinct Doctrine,”
Behavior and Philosophy
26 (1998): 83; previously published in
Behavior
1, no. 1 (1972): 23–52.

35.
Ibid., 81.

36.
William James,
The Principles of Psychology
(New York: Holt, 1890), 2:384, quoted in Herrnstein, ibid., 81.

37.
William McDougall,
An Introduction to Social Psychology
(London: Methuen, 1908), 44.

38.
Christian Kerslake, “Insects and Incest: From Bergson and Jung to Deleuze,”
Multitudes: Revue Politique, Artistique, Philosophique
, October 22, 2006, 2.

39.
Henri Bergson,
Creative Evolution
, trans. Arthur Mitchell (1911; repr., Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, 1989), 174. It is interesting to note that the wasps continue on this route via Bergson through the continental philosophy of the twentieth century to reach Deleuze and Guattari’s
A Thousand Plateaus
in the form of the becoming animal, the wasp and the orchid that each becomes partly the other in the moment of embrace, the famous wasp-orchid that seems to have its originary spark in the Ammophila-Fabre. Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari,
A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia
, trans. Brian Massumi (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987).

40.
Bertrand Russell,
The Analysis of Mind
(London: George Allen and Unwin, 1921), 56, quoted in Kerslake, “Insects and Incest,” 3.

41.
Tort,
Fabre
, 232–35.

42.
Fabre, “Harmas,” 14.

43.
My thanks to Gavin Whitelaw for his generous gift of a complete set of Fabre 7-Eleven figurines! Thanks also to Shiho Satsuka for finding a copy of Yokota Tokuo’s
Konchu no tankensha Faaburu
(Tokyo: Gakken, 1978), a very popular manga of Fabre’s life story. On this, see Field, “Jean Henri Fabre,” 4.

44.
I take this figure from Pasteur, “Jean Henri Fabre,” 74.

45.
Okumoto Daizaburo,
Hakubutsugakuno kyojin Anri Faburu
[
Henri Fabre: A Giant
of Natural History
] (Tokyo: Syueisya, 1999), 27. All translations from the Japanese, unless otherwise noted, are by CJ Suzuki. See also Field, “Jean Henri Fabre,” 18–20.

46.
Osugi Sakae, “I Like a Spirit,” in
A Short History of the Anarchist Movement in Japan
, ed. Libertaire Group (Tokyo: Idea, 1979), 132. Osugi’s wife, the feminist Ito Noe, and their seven-year-old nephew were murdered with him in 1923.