Is That a Fish in Your Ear? (52 page)

BOOK: Is That a Fish in Your Ear?
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AFTERBABBLE
 
A small selection: Walter Benjamin, “The Task of the Translator” (1923), in
Theories of Translation: An Anthology of Essays from Dryden to Derrida
, eds. Rainer Schulte and John Biguenet (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992); George Steiner,
After Babel
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1975); Paul Zumthor,
Babel ou l’inachèvement
(Paris: Seuil, 1997); Daniel Heller-Roazen,
Echolalias
(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005); Jacques Derrida, “Des Tours de Babel,” in
Psyché: L’Invention de l’autre
(Paris: Galilée, 2007).
 
For example, François Ost,
Traduire: Défense et illustration du multilin-guisme
(Paris: Fayard, 2009). Ost’s long first chapter runs through many of the possible interpretations of the Babel story.
See Arika Okrent,
In the World of Constructed Languages
(Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008), for a witty and accessible account of the long history of language-improvement schemes.
That is not to say that neogrammarians have been wasting their time. The epic adventure of transformational grammar that began in 1957 remains for many people more stimulating than all the legends of the Arthurian Cycle put together.
For a fuller discussion of gesture in the evolution of language, see Christine Kenneally,
The First Word: The Search for the Origins of Language
(New York: Penguin, 2007), 123–38.
The classic statement of the evolutionary relationship between grooming and language is Robin Dunbar’s
Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language
(London: Faber, 1996). Although Dunbar remains committed to monogenesis (a single origin for all varieties of speech), his work provides numerous valuable insights that have been borrowed in simplified form in various places in this book.
 
As I’ve tried to write about translation between natural languages, I’ve not mentioned the use of the word as a technical term in mathematics, logic, and some branches of computer science. That would be a different book.
I’ve also failed to say anything about the uses and pitfalls of translation in the military, in war zones, and in hospitals. I plead ignorance. There is surely a lot to be learned from the courageous language mediators who work in these fields.
Readers familiar with translation studies may notice other omissions. Some of them are intentional. George Steiner’s
After Babel
is still in print, and my reasons for not commenting further on Walter Benjamin’s essay “The Task of the Translator” can be found in
Cambridge Literary Review
3 (June, 2010): 194–206.
Many of the brains I have picked are mentioned in footnotes and references, but other people and institutions have given me hints, memories, insights, and material in less formal ways. I hope I have not missed out any of my treasured and sometimes involuntary helpers, present and alas in some cases past, who receive here the expression of my sincerest thanks: Ruth Adler, Valerie Aguilar, Esther Allen, Srinavas Bangalore, Alex Bellos, Nat Bellos, George Bermann, Susan Bernofsky, Jim Brogden, Olivia Coghlan, Karen Emmerich, Michael Emmerich, Denis Feeney, Michael Gordin, Jane Grayson, Tom Hare, Roy Harris, Susan Harris, James Hodson, Douglas Hofstadter, Susan Ingram, Adriana Jacobs, David Jones, Graham Jones, Patrick Jospin, Joshua Katz, Sarah Kay, Carine Kennedy, Martin Kern, Judy Laffan, Ella Laszlo, Andrew Lendrum, Perry Link, Simone Marchesi, Heather Mawhinney, Ilona Morison, Sergey Oushakine, Claire Paterson, Georges Perec, Katy Pinke, Mr. Pryce, Kurt Riechenberg, Anti Saar, Kim Scheppele, Bambi Schieffelin, “Froggy” Smith, Jonathan Charles Smith, Lawrence Venuti, Lynn Visson, Kerim Yasar, Froma Zeitlin; the Library of the École de Traduction et d’Interprétation (ETI), University of Geneva; the staff and resources of the Firestone Library, Princeton, New Jersey; the speakers and listeners at the Translation Lunches at Princeton since their inception in 2008; and the four cohorts of students from the classes of 2008 through 2013 who by taking the TRA 200 Thinking Translation course obliged me to think, a lot.
 
The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages of your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
 
 
Abkhaz
abstract thought
Académie Française
Achebe, Chinua,
Things Fall Apart
Adair, Gilbert
adjectives
Afghanistan
Africa
African American vernacular
Agence France-Press (AFP)
Aigui, Gennady
AIIC
Akkadian
Albania
Albanian
Alexander the Great
Alexandria
alien language
Al Jazeera
alphabet
Alsatian
American Good News Bible
Amharic
Amoritic
Anadalams
analogy-based substitutions
Anglo-Saxon
animal language
anisomorphism
Apollonius the Sophist
Arabian Nights, The
Arabic; as UN language
Arad, Maya;
Another Place, a Foreign City
Aramaic
Aristarchi, Stavraki
Armenian
Ashbery, John, “Rivers and Mountains,”
Asia
Asmat
Associated Press (AP)
Assyrian
Astérix
astronomy
asymmetrical language regime
atomic bomb
Atxaga, Bernardo
Augustine, Saint
Austin, J. L.
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Avatar
(film)
axioms: of effability; of grammaticality
Azeri
 
Babelfish
Babel story
Babylon
bailo
Balzac, Honoré de,
Le Père Goriot
Bar-Hillel, Yehoshua
Bash
, Matsuo
Basque
Batum Worker, The
Baudelaire, Charles
BBC
Beckett, Samuel
behavior, linguistic
Belgium
Bell, Anthea
belles infidèles, les
Bengali
Benjamin, Walter
Bergman, Ingmar
Berlin
Berman, Antoine
Berne Convention
Berr, Hélène
Bible; Babel story; English; German; Hebrew; Spanish; translation
bilingualism; dictionaries
Bismarck, Otto von
Bloomfield, Leonard
book reviews
book trade; growth of
Borges, Jorge Luis
Bosavi
Breton
Browning, Robert
Buber, Martin
Buddhism
Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de; “Discourse on Style,”
Bulgakov, Mikhail,
The Master and Margarita
Byka
, Vasil
Byrne, Gabriel
 
calque
Cameron, James
Camus, Albert,
The Outsider
cartoons
Casanova, Pascale
category term
Catholicism
Cawdrey, Robert;
A Table Alphabeticall of hard usual English wordes …
Celentano, Adriano
Cervantes, Miguel de;
Don Quixote
Chabon, Michael,
The Yiddish Policemen’s Union
Champollion, Jean-François
Chaplin, Charlie
Chapman, George
Charlemagne
Chatterjee, Upamanyu,
English, August
Chaucer, Geoffrey
cheval
children; language acquisition
China
Chinese ; dictionaries ; poetry;
shunkouliu
; as UN language
Chomsky, Noam;
Syntactic Structures
Christianity; missionaries
chuchotage
Churchill, Winston
Chuvash
Cicero
Clifford, James
CNN
code; breakers; switching
Coghill, Neville
Colbert Report, The
Cold War
colonialism
color terms
Columbus, Christopher
commentary, translation
computer-aided translation (CAT)
computer(s); Google Translate; translation
concrete languages
Condé, Maryse
conference interpreting; simultaneous
confidentiality agreements
contact language
context; meaning and
Coptic
copyright
Council of Europe
Coverdale, Miles
cribs
Crimean War
Cuba
cultural substitution
cuneiform script
Cyprian
Czech
 
Daghestani
d’Alembert, Jean
Dangerous Liaisons
Danish
Dante
Danticat, Edwidge
Dari
Derrida, Jacques
Descartes, René
DG Translation
dialect; translation as; variation
dialogue
Díaz, Junot
Dickens, Charles
diction, variety of
dictionaries; bilingual; Chinese; French; general purpose; history of; multilingual; pocket; rhyme; size of; special purpose
Dictionnaire de l’Académie
Diderot, Denis,
Encyclopédie
diversity of language
Doctor Zhivago
(film)
dog language
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor
The Brothers Karamazov
;
Crime and Punishment
dragomania
dragomans
drama
Dr. Strangelove
(film)
Dryden, John
dubbing
du Bellay, Joachim
Duhamel, Marcel
Dunbar, Robin
Dutch
Dzhabayev, Dzhambul
 
education; teaching languages; university
effects of translation; equivalent
Egypt; hieroglyphs
Elamite
electronic media
Eliot, T. S.
Elizabeth I, Queen of England
Emmerich, Michael
emotional attachments
English ; Bible; British; dictionaries; EU language parity and; foreign-soundingness and; identification of words; as language of science; literary translation and; phonology of; role in global translation; as a second language; subtitling into; as UN language
equivalence; dynamic; formal
equivalent effect
Erasmus
Eskimo
Esperanto
Estienne, Robert
Estonian
ethnicity, language as
Etruscan
etymology
Europe; colonialism; EU language-parity rule;
see also specific countries and languages
European Court of Justice (ECJ)
European Union (EU); establishment of; language-parity rule; simultaneous interpreting
evidentials
 
facing-page translation
FAHQT
faithful translation
Farsi
features of meaning
felicity, conditions of
fidelity
figurative meaning
Filene-Finlay Speech Translator
film;
Avatar
as parable of translation; dubbing; equivalent effect; lectoring; meaning and; spots; subtitles; titles
Finnish
fish,
see
Babelfish
Five Classics, The
Flaubert, Gustave
Folio
foreignizing
foreign-soundingness
Foucault, Michel
France; literary translators; seventeenth-century; World War II
French ; dictionaries; EU language parity and; foreign-soundingness and; grammar; human rights terminology; role in global translation; sounds; as UN language
Freud, Sigmund; copyright; German specificity of;
The Interpretation of Dreams
Frost, Robert
 
Gaelic
García Márquez, Gabriel
Gary, Romain;
Adieu Gary Cooper
;
Lady L
;
Mangeurs d’étoiles
;
White Dog
Gascon
Ge’ez
Geneva Conventions
genres
Georgian
Gerard of Cremona
German ; Bible; EU language parity and; foreign-soundingness and; Freud and; human rights terminology; identification of words; role in global translation
Germany; literary translators; Nazi; Nuremberg Trials; universities; World War II
gibberish
Gide, André
Ginsberg, Allen
globalization; computer translation; news translation and; translation and spread of international law
global translation; Nuremberg Trials; spread of international law and; UN
Goddard, Paulette
Godin, Henri
Google Translate (GT)
Göring, Hermann
Gorky, Maxim
Gothic
grammar; axiom of grammaticality; Basque; Bosavi; evidential; French; Hopi; Swedish
graphic radicals
graphic translation
Graves, Robert
Great Britain; variety of diction
Great Escape, The
(film)
Great Eskimo Vocabulary Hoax
Great Papuan Plateau
Greece
Greek ; identification of words; literature; teaching
greetings
grooming
Guilleragues;
The Letters of a Portuguese Nun
 
habitual patterns of thought
hand movement
Hapsburg Empire
Harris, Roy
Harvill Press
head (term)
headlines
Hebrew; Bible
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich
Heidegger, Martin
Hindi
Hofstadter, Douglas
Homer;
Odyssey
homme
homonymy
homophony
hon’yaku
Hopi
Horace
Höss, Rudolf
Hoxha, Enver
Hugo, Victor;
Les Misérables
human rights; terminology; translation and international law
humor; translating
Hungarian; identification of words
Hungary
Hurritic
hypernym
hyponym

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