It Began with Babbage (75 page)

Remington Rand
102
,
203
,
204
,
220
n

remote terminal
257

renaissance
29

renaissance man
226

Renwick, W.
122
,
123
,
129
,
132
n
,
133
n
,
188
n
,
291

research tradition
227

reserved word (Algol)
248

resistor
95
,
243

Revens, L.
133
n

Revised Report on the Algorithmic Language ALGOL
60
207
,
209
,
211
,
212
,
215

rewrite rule
212
,
213

Rice University computer
259

Rice, J.R.
261
n

Richards, R.K.
80
n
,
106
n
,
187
n
,
280

Ridgeway, R.K.
220
n

Robinson family of computers
77

Rochester, N.
239
n

Rockefeller Foundation
165
,
170

Rogers, H.
261
n

Rohl, J.S.
221
n
,
262
n

Rolt, L.T.C.
15
n

Roman Empire
29

Romanticism, Age of
23
,
27
n

Rosen, S.
187
,
220
n
,
221
n
,
222
n
,
261
n

Rosenbloom, P.S.
8
n
,
155
n

Rosenbluth, A.
157
n
,
179

Rosin, R.F.
189
n
,
262
n
,
263
n

Rota, G.-C.
82
n
,
88
n
,
105
n
,
130
n
,
131
n
,
219
n

routine
135
,
142
,
153
,
255
,
271

Royal Armament Research Establishment
195

Royal Society
10
,
13
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18
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24
,
38
,
65
,
78
,
119
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124
,
128

Royal Society Computing Laboratory
119

Royal Spanish Academy of Sciences
39

rule of deduction
44

rule of inference
229
–
230
,
270

rule of sequential composition
274
,
275

rule of substitution
230
,
231

rule of thumb
225
,
230

Russell, B.
45
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47
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48
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229
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230
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232
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233
,
239
n
,
291

Russell, L.J.
221
n
,
224
n
,
262
n

Rutherford, E.
57
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77
,
120

Rutihauser, H.
193
,
196
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205
,
222
n
,
223
n
,
291

Salisbury, A.B.
189
n

Salton, G.
281

Saltzer, J.H.
264
n

Samelson, K.
206
,
222
n
,
223
n
,
291

Sammet, J.
204
,
222
n

Sampson, J.R.
175
n

Samuel, A.L.
235
,
240
n
,
292

satisficing
72
,
228
–
229
,
233

Sayre, D.
198
,
221
n

scalar data type
218

schema
114
–
115
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116
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126
,
131
n
,
250
,
278
,
279

Scheutz Difference Engine
15
,
23

Scheutz, E.
15

Scheutz, G.
15
,
292

Schwartz, J.T.
221
n

science
25
,
38
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39
,
44
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57
,
109
,
128
,
225

Science
(Journal)
284

Science Museum, London
14
,
21

science of the artificial
2
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3
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4
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5
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6
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7
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8
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86
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96
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109
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116
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120
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152
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188
n
,
208
,
270
,
282
,
283

science of computing
84
,
91
,
154

Sciences of the Artificial, The
vii
,

science of the individual
7
,
8
,
282

scientific communication
74

scientific computing
31
,
62
,
68
,
75
,
79
,
103
,
129
,
194
,
195
,
204
,
235

scientific knowledge
5
,
151

scientific partnership
227

scientific periodical
128

scientific society
128

scientific style
154

scientific thinking
217

scientific writing
268

scientist of the artificial
206

searching
71
,
167
–
168
,
204
,
228
,
230

secondary memory
125
,
256
,
258
–
259

segmentation of memory
258
–
259
,
260
,
269

selectron
127
,
137

self-constructing automaton
164

self-reproducing automaton
164
–
165
,
181

semantics
199
,
202
,
206
,
209
,
214
–
215
,
217
,
235
,
236
,
272
–
275

semaphore
268

semiconductor technology
186

semilogarithmic notation
75

Seminumerical Algorithms
252

Sen, A.K.
79
n

sentence
212
–
213
,
246

sequential circuit/machine
243
–
247
,
269

sequential process
268
,
269

serial computer
179

servomechanism
226

Shannon, C.E.
65
,
66
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80
n
,
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165
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166
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167
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169
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175
n
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228
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234
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239
n
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243
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261
n
,
292

Shaw, C.J.
228
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233
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234
,
235
,
239
n

Sheets-Pyenson, S.
27
n
,
285
n

Sheridan, P.B.
221
n

Shestakov, V.
65

shift register
78
,
243

Shockley, W.
243

Short Introduction to Numerical Analysis
280

short-term memory
124

Shreyer, H.
75
,
82
n
,
292

shuttle
36

Sign-and-magnitude
22

significant digit
70

Simon, H.A.
vii
,
viii
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2
,
8
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72
,
81
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109
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130
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131
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155
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238
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239
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240
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266
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270
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284
,
285
,
285
n
,
292

Simonton, D.K.
79
n

simplicity
178
,
179
,
217

SIMULA programming language
215

simulation
55
,
158
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167
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233
,
234

simultaneous equation
94
,
95

single-address machine
76
,
82
n
,
123
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124
,
127

Sintsoff, M.
224
n

Sketch of the Analytical Engine
18

slide rule
37

Smithberg, D.R.
238
n

Smithies, F.
130
n

social aspect of computer science
279

social groups
227

social text
201

Society for the Encouragement of the Arts
13

Society of Arts
13

software
120
,
145
,
146
,
149
,
150
,
254
–
255
,
259
–
260
,
270

software crisis
260

software engineering
259

solvability
245

Sommerville, M.F.
24

Sondak, N.
187
n

Sorbonne
39

sorter
34
,
35

sorting
30
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31
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33
,
35
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71
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136
,
143
,
204

source code (program)
201
,
202
,
248
,
249

special purpose machine
11
,
15
,
54
,
61
,
62
,
78
,
85
,
90

special theory of relativity
116

speed of execution
136

speedcode
195

Sperry Gyroscope
102

Sperry Rand
102

square root extraction
76
,
85
,
98
,
112

St. John's College, Cambridge
49
,
120
,
158

Stanford University
225
,
226
,
234

state of mind
51

state table
51
,
55

statistical table
68

Steadman, J.P.
106
n

steam engine
9
,
10

Stearns, R.E.
261
n
,
263
n

Steiner, G.
147
n
,
176
n

stepwise refinement in programming
267
–
269

Stern, H.
221
n

Stern, N.
107
n
,
130
n

Stevens, W.Y.
263
n

Stibitz, G.
60
,
61
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62
,
63
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66
,
68
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71
,
73
,
75
,
79
n
,
81
n
,
292

storage technology
129

store
18
,
21
,
28
,
85
,
124

stored program computer
vii
,
91
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112
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113
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116
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117
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118
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119
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120
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121
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136
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139
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145
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150
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152
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154
,
191
,
195
,
241
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250
,
281

stored program computing paradigm
116
,
119
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120
,
123
,
126,
127
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137
,
145
,
146
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203
,
242
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259
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278
,
281

Stringer, J.B.
188
n

structure
178

Structure of Scientific Revolutions
83

structured programming
265
–
269
,
271
–
272

Sturt, G.
27
n

style
154
,
165
,
198
,
283

subatomic physics
127

subjective rationality
227

subparadigm
126
,
127
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186
,
227
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242
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243
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245
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251
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257
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259
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270
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271
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279
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281
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283