Just Jackie (52 page)

Jackie’s thoughts about her life on Skorpios in “The Journey to Ithaca” section are contained in an unpublished letter from Jackie to Niki Goulandris dated August 25, 1970, which was kindly provided to the author by Mrs. Goulandris.

The thoughts on Jackie and Ari’s relationship attributed to Alexis Miotis, director of the Greek National Theater, appear in Heymann’s
A Wofnan Named Jackie
.

Jackie’s letter to Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. describing the Greek character appears in Anthony’s
As We Remember Her
.

C. P. Cavafy’s poem “Ithaca” is published in
The Complete Poems of Cavafy
(Harvest Books/Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1989).

The narrative about the cabal against Jackie, and Onassis’s renewed relationship with Maria Callas, is drawn from interviews with Stelio Papadimitriou as well as a number of published sources, including Frank Brady’s
Onassis
(Prentice-Hall, 1977), Lester David’s
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
(Birch Lane Press, 1994), L. J. Davis’s
Onassis
(St. Martin’s Press, 1986), Nigel Dempster’s
Heiress
(Grove Weidenfeld, 1989), Evans’s An,
Aristotle Onassis
by Fraser et al., Willi Frischauer’s
Onassis
(Meredith Press, 1968), Heymann’s
A Woman Named Jackie
, Kelley’s
Jackie Oh!
, Doris Lilly’s
Those Fabulous Greeks
(Cowles, 1970), and Arianna Stassinopoulos’s
Maria Callas
(Simon & Schuster, 1981).

The narrative in the section “An Even Dozen” is derived from interviews with Hélène Arpels.

Kitty Carlisle Hart’s story about Jackie visiting a veterans’ hospital is drawn from Carl Sferrazza Anthony’s
As We Remember Her
(HarperCollins, 1997), and from the author’s own interview with Mrs. Hart.

The narrative of Jackie and Ari’s dinner at the Coach House restaurant is drawn from an interview with an American friend of the Onassis couple who wishes to remain anonymous.

Details of Jackie’s consultation with a heart specialist are drawn from the author’s interview with Dr. Isadore Rosenfeld. Information about using Resusi-Annie to learn CPR techniques was provided by Dr. Laurence Inra and Eugene Lucchese, emergency medical service supervisor at the New York Hospital.

Primary published sources include Anthony’s
As We Remember Her
, Stephen Birmingham’s
Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis
(Grosset & Dunlap, 1978), Frank Brady’s
Onassis
(Prentice-Hall, 1977), Peter Duchin’s
Ghost of a Chance
(Random House, 1996), Peter Evans’s
Ari
(Summit Books, 1986), C. David Heymann’s
A Woman Named Jackie
(Lyle Stuart, 1989), Kitty Kelley’s
Jackie Oh!
(Lyle Stuart, 1979), Kiki Feroudi Moutsat-sos’s
The Onassis Women
(Putnam, 1998) Arianna Stassinopoulos’s
Maria Callas
(Simon & Schuster, 1981), and William Wright’s
All the Pain That Money Can Buy
(Simon & Schuster, 1991).

The narrative of Ari’s remorse and guilt over Alexander’s death in the section “Hubris” was drawn from the author’s interviews with Stelio Papadimitriou and Peter Duchin.

Material for this section, which describes the turmoil in Ari and Jackie’s marriage after Alexander’s death, Ari’s illness and death, and Christina’s settlement with Jackie of the disputed will, is drawn from interviews with Stelio Papadimitriou, Eleanor Lambert, Peter Beard, Jack Anderson, Les Whitten, Bill Fugazy, Tom Bolan, Dr. Isadore Rosenfeld, Niki Goulandris, and David Banfield.

The narrative of Jackie and Ari’s visit to the Guinness home in Lantana, Florida, is drawn from an article by Aileen Mehle in
Good Housekeeping
, September 1994.

Primary published sources for the background on Loel and Gloria Guinness are Sally Bedell Smith’s
Reflected Glory
(Simon & Schuster, 1996), Annette Tapert and Diana Edkins’s
The Power of Style
(Crown, 1994), and Veronique Vienne’s “In a Class by Themselves: Fourteen Women of Style,”
Town & Country
, November 1994.

The description of the Guinness house was drawn from
All Out of Step
(Doubleday, 1956) by Bunny Mellon’s father, Gerard Lambert, who designed and built the house.

Information about myasthenia gravis came from an article by James F. Howard Jr., M.D., professor of neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, published on the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation Homepage.

Onassis’s illness and treatment were reported in
The New York Times
, November 12, 1974; December 20, 1974; and February 5, 6, 7, 11, 13, and 20, 1975. His death was reported in
The New York Times
, March 16 and 17, 1975. Steven V. Roberts’s article on Onassis’s funeral appeared in
The New York Times
, March 19, 1975.

The material in “A Sweeping Indictment” is drawn primarily from interviews with Jack Anderson and Les Whitten. Mr. Anderson provided the author with copies of his “Merry-Go-Round” articles on Jackie’s spending habits, a series of United Feature Syndicate columns dated April 14-April 17, 1975. Les Whitten’s handwritten and typewritten notes were provided to the author by Marie Boltz, assistant, Lehigh University Special Collections.

John Corry’s article about the planned Onassis divorce appeared in
The New York Times
, April 12, 1975; details of the will on June 8, 1975; and Nicholas Gage’s article about the settlement between Christina and Jackie on September 20, 1977.

Nude photos of Jackie were published only in Europe until
Hustler
magazine broke the story in the United States, according to John Heidenry’s
What Wild Ecstasy
(Simon & Schuster, 1997).

The narrative of Judith Campbell Exner’s appearance before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence Operations, chaired by Frank Church, was drawn from the following periodicals: “Church Denies Cover-Up of a Kennedy Friendship,”
The New York Times
, December 16, 1975; “Kennedy Friend Denies Plot Role,”
The New York Times
, December 18, 1975; “Addendum to the Kennedy Years,”
The New York Times
, December 21, 1975; William Satire’s “Murder Most Foul” column,
The New York Times
, December 22, 1975; “A Shadow over Camelot,”
Newsweek
, December 29, 1975; “Closets of Camelot,”
Newsweek
, January 19, 1976; Lewis Lapham’s “The King’s Pleasure,”
Harper’s
, March 1976; “Kennedys: More Pillow Talk,”
Newsweek
, March 1, 1976; and Nicholas Gage’s “Link of Kennedy Friend to Matia Still a Puzzle,”
The New York Times
, April 12, 1976.

Details of Jackie’s dealings with Christina and Artemis were drawn from interviews with Stelio Papadimitriou and anonymous sources.

Principal published sources include Stephen Birmingham’s
Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis
(Grosset & Dunlap, 1978); Frank Brady’s
Onassis
(Prentice-Hall, 1977); Bob Colacello’s
Holy Terror
(HarperCollins, 1990); Lester David’s
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
(Birch Lane Press, 1994); L. J. Davis’s
Onassis
(St. Martin’s Press, 1986); Nigel Dempster’s
Heiress
(Grove Weidenfeld, 1989); Peter Evans’s
Ari
(Summit Books, 1986);
Aristotle Onassis
by Nicholas Fraser et al. (Lippincott, 1977); C. David Heymann’s
A Woman Named Jackie
(Lyle Stuart, 1989); Kitty Kelley’s
Jackie Oh!
(Lyle Stuart, 1979); Frieda Kramer’s
Jackie
(Grossett & Dunlap, 1979); Laurence Learner’s
The Kennedy Women
(Villard Books, 1994); Wendy Leigh’s
Prince Charming
(Dutton, 1993); Arianna Stassinopoulos’s
Maria Callas
(Simon & Schuster, 1981); and William Wright’s
All the Pain That Money Can Buy
(Simon & Schuster, 1991).

The account of Maurice Tempelsman’s background, business dealings, and developing relationship with Jackie was drawn from interviews with a number of friends and business associates of Tempelsman’s who wish to remain anonymous. In addition the author interviewed Hélène Arpels; Arnaud de Borchgrave; Frank Carlucci, former political officer at the U.S. Embassy in Kinshasa, Congo, former deputy director of the CIA, and former secretary of defense; Larry Devlin, former CIA station chief in Kinshasa; Roy Furmark; Jeffrey Gartner, dean of the Yale Business School;
Brendan Gill; Brandon Grove, U.S. ambassador to Zaire, 1984–1987; Robert Oakley, U.S. ambassador lo Zaire, 1979–1982; Michael Schatzberg, author of a book on Mobutu; Sue Schmidt; Alex Shoumatoff; Adlai Stevenson Jr.; Jack Valenti; Dr. Herbert Weiss, director of Central Africa Project, Columbia University; and Melissa Wells, U.S. consulate general of Brazil, former U.S. ambassador to Zaire.

In an interview with the author, Rabbi Arthur Schneier discussed in general terms the legal requirements of a Jewish divorce or “get.”

The author also drew on accounts in periodicals for his description of Tempelsman’s relationship with Jackie. These include the author’s own cover story in the August 1989 issue of
Vanity Fair
titled “Jackie, Yo!”; Paula Span’s “The Man at Jackie’s Side: In Maurice Tempelsman, the Sophisticated Lady Has Finally Met Her Match,”
The Washington Post
, May 26, 1994; “The Man Who Loved Jackie; With Savvy, Cultivated Maurice Tempelsman, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis at Long Last Found a Safe Haven—and Serenity,”
People
, July 11, 1994; Jessie Mangaliman’s “Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis—A City Mourns; Family Was Her Priority; Jackie’s Companion—A Loyal, Caring Advisor,”
Newsday
, May 21, 1994; Sandra Sanchez’s “Longtime Friend: “Journey Is Over,” “
USA Today
, May 24, 1994; Susan Baer’s “Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis: 1929–1994; Onassis’s Longtime Companion Was Considered Family,”
Los Angeles Times
, May 24, 1994.

Periodical sources for the description of Maurice’s business dealings in Africa and elsewhere include “Maurice Tempelsman’s African Connections,”
Fortune
, November 15, 1982; “Maurice Tempelsman: Diamonds and Diplomacy,”
Jewelers Circular Keystone
, June 1989; “To De Beers on Prices: Don’t Kill Golden Goose,”
Jewelers Circular Keystone
, September 1989 and August 1991; Vladimir Kvint’s “Sorry Mr. Oppcnheimer,”
Forbes
, February 15, 1993; Rita Koselka’s “Brand Name Diamonds?”
Forbes
, April 28, 1986; Leon Dash’s “Zaire Gambles by Resigning Diamond Cartel,”
The Washington Post
, November 11, 1981; Howard W. French’s “In Africa, Wealth Often Buys Only Trouble,”
The New York Tunes
, January 25, 1998; James Ring Adams’s “Citizen Kennedy’s Energy,”
The American Spectator
, December 1997; “U.S. Diamond Dealer Turns Peacemaker,”
Africa News
, August 15, 1997; John Elvin’s “Angolan Angle,”
The Washington Times
, September 20, 1990; Jim McGee’s “Polishing Off a Ban on S. African Diamonds,”
The Washington Post
, January 25, 1990;
The Orange County Register
, June 29, 1989; and the London
Mail on Sunday
, May 22, 1994.

Primary published sources for this section include Carl Sferrazza Anthony’s
As We Remember Her
(HarperCollins, 1997), Lester David’s
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
(Birch Lane Press, 1994), C. David Hey-mann’s
A Woman Named Jackie
(Lyle Stuart, 1989), and Michael G. Schatzberg’s
Mobutu or Chaos
(University Press of America and Foreign Policy Research Institute, 1991).

Two excellent sources for information on Mama Mobutu’s funeral were Thomas M. Callaghy, professor of political science, University of
Pennsylvania, and Crawford Young, professor of political science at the University of Wisconsin and co-author with Thomas Turner of
The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State
.

Primary published sources for details of Gbadolite and Mobutu’s fabulous palace there include Colette Braeckman’s
Le Dinosaure: Le Zaire de Mobutu
(Fayard, 1992) and a book by Pierre Janssen, one of Mobutu’s sons-in-law, titled
A La Cour de Mobutu
(Editions Michel Lafon, 1997).

The author also drew on accounts in periodicals for details on Mobutu’s life in Zaire, including “Rebel With a Cause,”
Vanity Fair
, August 1997, and articles in
The New York Times
and
The Washington Post
, September 8, 1997.

The account of Jackie and Lee Radziwill’s falling out over Lee’s aborted marriage to Newton Cope was drawn from Diana DuBois’s
In Her Sisters Shadow
(Little, Brown, 1995) and Taki Theodoracopulos’s
Princes, Playboys & High-Class Tarts
(Karz-Cohl, 1984).

The story of Jackie’s involvement with historic preservation and the Municipal Art Society was drawn from an extensive interview with Brendan Gill shortly before his death. Background for this period of her life was provided by Gregory Gilmartin’s
Shaping the City
(Clarkson Potter, 1995).

The narrative of the party Jackie and Pete Hamill attended in Soho in March 1980 was drawn from interviews with the hosts of the party, John and Julienne Scanlon, and the co-host, Patsy Denk Powers.

Pete Hamill recounts details of his problems with drinking and fatherhood in his memoir
A Drinking Life
(Little, Brown, 1994). The author’s interview with friends of Jackie’s who requested anonymity also provided insight into Jackie’s relationship with Hamill. The New York
Posf’s
printing of Hamill’s scathing column about Jackie marrying Onassis is recounted in Kitty Kelley’s
Jackie Oh!
(Lyle Stuart, 1979).

Dustin Hoffman’s comment on receiving his first Oscar was quoted in Jack Mathews’s “Oscar at 60: He Stands for Popularity, Not Excellence,”
The Washington Post
, April 12, 1988.