Oracle Essentials Oracle Database 11g (74 page)

BOOK: Oracle Essentials Oracle Database 11g
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SRs (Service Requests), 137

new system connection, 220

stack, 256

performance requirements, 286

stack space, 180

propagation, 219

Standalone Management Packs, 126

redundant data, 287

Standard Edition, 333

replication, 218, 286

Standard Edition One, 333

asynchronous, 287

standby databases, 217, 282

log-based, 19

Data Guard, 25

lost data, 287

potential data losses with site failure, 284

synchronous, 287

star queries, 21

spokes and, 220

star schemas, 229

system failures, 218

access facts along “look-up” values, 223

system interfaces, 219

cost-based query optimization, 230

transaction

starting up databases, 68

overhead, 288

STARTUP, 68, 142

queue, 287

state, 76

triggers, 287

storage area networks (SANs), 165

warehousing, 219

storage management, 158, 168

streams pool, 52

Storagetek dedicated storage

Streams Tuning Advisor, 125

subsystems, 165

striped disk arrays, 165, 168

stored outlines, 117, 212

loss of disks, 39

stored procedures

Oracle I/O, interaction, 168

based systems (TP-Lite), 208

striping

basics, 207

defined, 167

defined, 5

with parity, 263

granting security privileges directly, 146

Structured Query Language (see SQL)

PL/SQL, 207

subscribers, 315

variables, datatype attribute, 82

summary tables, 232

Streams, 316

support services available through Oracle

AQ (Advanced Queuing), 19, 218

Corporation, 137

bandwidth and, 286

Support Workbench, 138

cascading failures, 218

surge protection, 342

change data capture, 19

Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) systems

change data capture, enabling, 218

(see SMP)

384

|

Index

symmetric replication, 239

threads, 43

synchronized sites, 311

processes and, 54

synchronous replication, 286, 287

redo log files, 43

synchronous writing, 44

three-dimensional geometry objects, 329

synonyms, 5, 98

three-state logic, 89

SYS and SYSTEM user accounts, 140

three-tier systems, 208

System Change Number (SCN), 78, 192, 280

TimesTen, 17

system crashes, 257

TKPROF utility, 119, 120

error messages, 258

TNS_ADMIN environment variable and

preparation for, 262

Oracle Net, 67

System Global Area (see SGA)

TNSNAMES file, 64, 67

system memory, types, 291, 301, 303

TopLink, 335

System Monitor (SMON), 53

Total Recall Option, 279, 281

System Monitoring plug-ins, 126

TP (transaction processing) monitors, 208,

system overhead, 162

309

services, 208

T

TP-Lite, 208

Transaction Processing, Concepts and

tables

Techniques, 202

data dictionary, 54

transaction processing (TP) monitors, 208,

defined, 90

309

design, 102

transactions, 7

external tables, defined, 90

ACID properties, 202

fragmentation resolution, 132

basics, 202

index scans, 175

commitment, 258

index-organized tables (IOTs), 93

consistent, 202

parent-child relationship, 106

defined, 77, 187

performance, impact on

distributed, 17

reorganization, 132

durable, 202

tablespaces, 34, 35

isolation, 189, 191, 202

batch operations and, 60

locks, and FOR UPDATE clause, 189

big files, 35

routing, three-tier systems, 209

locally managed, 35

step-by-step example, 80

segregation of I/O, 161

steps for, 81

tabs, 130

transient failure recovery, 266

TAF (Transparent Application Failover), 217

Transparent Application Failover (see TAF)

configurations, 274

Transparent Data Encryption (TDE), 149

failover-aware applications, for

Transparent Gateways, 18, 239, 306

developing, 273

defined, 307

high availability benefits, 272

transportable tablespaces, 18, 239, 317

implementation, 274

trickle feed, 238

JDBC support of, 274

triggers

ODBC support of, 274

compound, 108

tape drives, 136

database-level event, 108

TARs (Technical Assistance Requests), 137

defined, 107, 108

TDE (Transparent Data Encryption), 149

events, 107

Technical Assistance Requests (TARs), 137

INSTEAD OF, 108

technical requirement solutions, 222

procedural languages for writing, 108

Text Management, 324

restrictions, 108

thin client (DHTML), 242

row and statement level activation, 107

third normal form (3NF), 102

schema-level event, 108

third-generation languages (3GLs), 10, 11

vs. constraints, 107

third-party naming services, 65

Index

|

385

Triple DES, 28

VLDB (Very Large Database) and

two-phase commits, 308

parallelism, 169

two-tier client/server system, 207

volume-management software, 164

VPD (virtual private database), 137

U

VTL (Virtual Tape Library), 136

UCM (Universal Content Management), 327

Ultra Search, 13, 327

W

Undo Advisor, 125, 158

warehouse servers, 227

UNDO_MANAGEMENT, 38

Web Cache, 341

Unicode, 12

web services

uniprocessor systems, 292

basics, 299

unique constraint, 104

capabilities, 323

UNIQUE constraint and IOTs, 93

support, 329

Universal Content Management (UCM), 327

Web Services Manager, 347

Universal Records Management (URM), 327

web sites

Unix

developers, 356

OFA and, 58

documentation, 356

Oracle databases, startup, 68

Oracle database administration, 357

Oracle installer, 56

Oracle resources, 357

Oracle Net configuration files, default

WebCenter, 17, 31, 336

location, 67

WebDB, 30

ORACLE_HOME variables and, 59

wildcards format parameters, 47

SMP, 294

windowing functions, 233, 234

UPDATE, 141

Windows

upgrades, rolling, 289

Oracle databases, startup, 68

user accounts, auditing, 138, 150

Oracle installer, 56

USER_ views, 120

Oracle Net configuration files, default

usernames, 140

location, 67

ORACLE_HOME variables and, 59

V

SMP systems, 294

workload capture, 118

V$ views, 156

workspace enhancements, 200

V$CIRCUIT view, 77

workspaces, 198–200

V$DISPATCHER view, 77

write operations, 194

V$METRICNAME, 156

contention, example, 195

V$MTS view, 76

locks, 188, 194

V$SESSION, 156

V$SESSION_EVENT, 156

V$SESSION_WAIT, 156

X

V$SHARED_SERVER view, 77

XA-compliant resource managers, 309

V$SYSTEM_EVENT, 156

XML (eXtensible Markup Language)

VARCHAR datatype, 83

AQ and, 314

VARCHAR2 datatype, 83

CWMI (Common Warehouse Metadata

Very Large Database (VLDB), 169

Interchange), 248

views, 4, 91

datatype support, 13

access control, using for, 144

iDAP (Internet Document Access

data dictionary, 54

Protocol), 314

MTS data, 76

Oracle Wireless Edition and, 16

performance evaluation, used in, 156

Oracle9i AQ support, 19

virtual private database (VPD), 137, 145

XML Development Kit, 336

virtual table columns, 91

XMLType datatype, 87

Virtual Tape Library (VTL), 136

386

|

Index

About the Authors

Rick Greenwald
has been active in the world of computer software for more than

two decades, including stints with Data General, Cognos, Gupta Technologies, and

Oracle. He is currently a developer evangelist with
Salesforce.com
. He has published 15 books and countless articles on a variety of technical topics, and has spoken at conferences and training sessions across six continents. Rick’s other books include coauthoring
Oracle in a Nutshell
(O’Reilly) and
Professional Oracle Programming
(WROX). Rick lives in Arizona with his wife and three daughters.

Robert Stackowiak
has worked for more than 20 years in business intelligence and IT-related roles that have included sales and sales consulting, business development, management of software development, and systems engineering. As vice president of Business Intelligence in Oracle’s Technology Business Unit, he is recognized world-wide for his work in business intelligence and data warehousing. His papers regarding business intelligence and computer and software technology have appeared in publications such as
President & CEO Magazine
,
Database Trends and
Applications
, and The Data Warehousing Institute’s publications. He has also coauthored the books
Oracle Application Server 10g Essentials
(O’Reilly),
Professional
Oracle Programming
(WROX), and
Oracle Data Warehousing and Business Intelligence Solutions
(Wiley).

Jonathan Stern
used more than 13 years of IT experience in contributing to the original edition of this book. His background included senior positions in consulting, systems architecture, and technical sales. Especially useful in his early work on this book was his in-depth experience with the Oracle database across all major open systems’ hardware and operating systems, covering tuning, scaling, parallelism, Oracle Parallel Server, high availability, data warehousing, and OLTP. He authored numerous papers and presented at internal and external conferences on topics such as scaling with Oracle’s dynamic parallelism and the role of reorganizing segments in an Oracle database.

Colophon

The animals on the cover of
Oracle Essentials: Oracle Database 11g
are cicadas.

There are about 1,500 species of cicada. In general, cicadas are large insects with long thin wings that are perched above an inch-long abdomen. Their heads are also large and contain three eyes and a piercing and sucking mechanism with which to extrude sap from trees. Cicadas are known for their characteristic shrill buzz, which is actually the male’s mating song, one of the loudest known insect noises.

Cicadas emerge from the ground in the spring or summer, molt, then shed their skin in the form of a shell. They stay near trees and plants, where they live for four to six weeks with the sole purpose of mating. The adult insects then die, and their young hatch and burrow into the ground. They attach to tree roots and feed off the sap for 4 to 17 years, after which time they emerge and continue the mating cycle. Cicadas have one of the longest life spans of any insect; the most common species is the periodical cicada, which lives underground for 13 to 17 years.

The cover image is an original 19th-century engraving from
Cuvier’s Animals
. The cover font is Adobe ITC Garamond. The text font is Linotype Birka; the heading font is Adobe Myriad Condensed; and the code font is LucasFont’s TheSans Mono Condensed.

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