Out of Eden: The Peopling of the World (70 page)

Homo georgicus
69

Homo habilis
8
,
10
,
11
,
15
,
30
,
69

Homo heidelbergensis
30
,
72
,
98

Homo helmei
xvi
,
15–16
,
72
,
74–5
,
98
,
103
,
115

Homo neanderthalis see
Neanderthals

Homo rhodesiense
11
,
15
,
345

Homo rudolphensis
10

Homo sapiens
16
,
47
,
346

Horai, Santoshi
302

Hrdlicka, Ales
282

‘human revolution’
107

see also
culture

hunting
12–13

HV maternal clan
144–6
,
148–50
,
179
,
251

ice age cycles
7
,
9
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
25
,
68–9
,
356

see also
Last Glacial Maximum

immune system adaptation
359–60

India

Chenchu people
157
,
182
,
183–4
,
185

maternal clans of
180–4

Middle Palaeolithic tools in
73

physical appearance in
201

Y chromosome genetic trail
184–7

Indian Ocean
60
,
69
,
156–9
,
206

Indian ‘Soan’ Middle Palaeolithic
100

Inos paternal clan
146

‘inter-regional mixing compromise’
47–9

interglacial optimum
51–3

interglacials
51–3
,
60
,
72

interstadials
85
,
140

Inuit-Aleut speakers
300–1
,
305
,
309
,
310–13
,
330
,
336
,
342

Ipswichian interglacial
53

Iran
138
,
224

Iraq
138
,
177
,
224

Irula people
157

Island Southeast Asia
168–71
,
261
,
266–8
,
275

Jahangir (J) paternal clan
141–4

Japan, Mongoloid immigration to
269

Jarawa people
157–8

Jefferson, Thomas
294

Jewellery
122

Jinmium rock art site
160

Johanson, Donald
5

Johnson, Michael
292

Johnson, Mo
94–5

Jones, Rhys
160

Josenhans, Heiner
340

Kadar people
157

Kara-Bom caves
223
,
224–5

Karafet, Tatiana
328–9

Karolta rock engravings
108

Kennewick Man
315–17
,
321–2

Kenyanthropus platyops
7

Kingdon, Jonathan
57
,
59
,
63

Kivisild, Toomas
83
,
145
,
150
,
152–4
,
183
,
232
,
234
,
235

Klasies River
77

Klein, Richard
57
,
108–10

Köhler, Wolfgang
27

Korava people
157

Kostenki
147

Kota Tampan culture
82
,
166–9
,
355

Koya people
183–4
,
185

Krishna (K) paternal clan
151
,
185
,
191
,
239–40

Kung hunter-gatherers
24

Kurdistan
138
,
143
,
144

Kurds
138

Lahr, Marta
57–8
,
61
,
72
,
115
,
324–5

Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste
3

landmass growth
258–60

language

animal ability
26–8

creationist view of
29–32

diversity of
294–301

drive for brain growth
25
,
30–2

see also
Amerind speakers; Inuit-Aleut speakers; Na-Dene speakers

language borrowing
295

language shift
295

Lascaux cave paintings
55
,
92

Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)

Africa at
248

Americas at
247
,
300

Asia at
247
,
350

Central Asia at
253–5

Europe at
244–50
,
349–50

genetic continuity during
250–5

Northern Asia at
253–5

Southeast Asia at
274–6

Lawrence, Peter
94
,
96

Leakey, Richard
1

Learning
19–20

Lenggong Valley
167
,
275

Leonard, Jennifer
339

Levant, the
16
,
52–4
,
61
,
147

Levantines, Asian origins of
84–5

LGM
see
Last Glacial Maximum

Liang Bua cave
165
,
193

Longevity
362

Lower Palaeolithic tools
73
,
115

‘Lucy’ family (
Australopithecus afarensis
)
5–6

M7 maternal line
264

M17 (Y) paternal clan
151–3
,
185–7
,
252–3

M173 paternal clan
152

Macaulay, Vincent
61

McAvoy, Joseph
292

McAvoy, Lynn
292

McBrearty, Sally
117–27
,
346

Macroblades
273

Majid, Zuraina
82
,
167
,
275

Makarovo site
223

Makrani people
157
,
176

Mal’ta
226
,
244

mammoth culture
148
,
244

Mammoth Steppe
214–15
,
228
,
232
,
234
,
244

Manju (M) maternal clan
83–5
,
158
,
169–70
,
171
,
180–3
,
229
,
234
,
255

mass-migration trees
49

Meadowcroft Rockshelter
286
,
291–2

meat, eating
9–12

Mendel, Gregor
34–5
,
36

Mesopotamia
138

Microblades
272
,
273

Microliths
87
,
118
,
126–7

Middle Palaeolithic technology
15
,
72
,
98–100
,
101
,
103
,
115
,
225
,
270–1

Middle Palaeolithic tools
73
,
74

Middle Son Basin
73

Middle Stone Age tools
98
,
99

mitochondrial DNA
see
mtDNA

Mitochondrial Eve
46
,
172
,
365

mobility of genes
42
,
265

Mode 3 technology
115
,
117

modern Africans
110–12
,
175

Moluccas
190
,
267

Mongoloid populations

drift vs. selection
214–18

expansion of
260–8

genetic diversity of
210

genetic trail of
229–42

at LGM
256–8

North-South differences
213
,
227–8

physical appearance
201

physical changes in
205–7

replacement in China and Japan
268–9

skeletal features of
213–18

skull shape
211

teeth shape
209–13

Monte Verde site
286
,
287–90

Mousterian tools
98
,
105
,
146

Movius, Hallam
271

mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA)

Americas founders
302–22
,
331–4

brown bear
339

building genetic tree using
xiv–xv
,
37–43