Passing Strange (49 page)
Authors: Martha A. Sandweiss
71
“Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the Rhode Island Anti-Slavery Society,”
North Star,
Dec. 8, 1848; Frederick Douglass, “Letter from the Editor,”
North Star,
Nov. 23, 1849; “Fourteenth Annual Anniversary of the Rhode Island Anti-Slavery Society,”
North Star,
Nov. 30, 1849; Frederick Douglass, “Letter from the Editor,”
Frederick Douglass’ Paper,
Nov. 20, 1851; “Proceedings of the Rhode Island Anti-Slavery Society,”
Frederick Douglass’ Paper,
Nov. 27, 1851; Jeffrey,
Great Silent Army,
147.
“Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the Rhode Island Anti-Slavery Society,”
North Star,
Dec. 8, 1848; Frederick Douglass, “Letter from the Editor,”
North Star,
Nov. 23, 1849; “Fourteenth Annual Anniversary of the Rhode Island Anti-Slavery Society,”
North Star,
Nov. 30, 1849; Frederick Douglass, “Letter from the Editor,”
Frederick Douglass’ Paper,
Nov. 20, 1851; “Proceedings of the Rhode Island Anti-Slavery Society,”
Frederick Douglass’ Paper,
Nov. 27, 1851; Jeffrey,
Great Silent Army,
147.
73
Sophia L. Little, “Purify the Sanctuary,”
The Liberator,
Oct. 6, 1837, 162; “Poetry . . . from ‘The Birth, Last Days, and Resurrection of Jesus,’ ”
The Liberator,
Jan. 21, 1842, 12; “The Branded Hand,”
The Liberator,
Oct. 17, 1845, 168.
Sophia L. Little, “Purify the Sanctuary,”
The Liberator,
Oct. 6, 1837, 162; “Poetry . . . from ‘The Birth, Last Days, and Resurrection of Jesus,’ ”
The Liberator,
Jan. 21, 1842, 12; “The Branded Hand,”
The Liberator,
Oct. 17, 1845, 168.
74
Sophia L. Little,
Thrice through the Furnace: A Tale of the Times of the Iron Hoof
(Pawtucket, RI: A. W. Pearce, 1852), 3.
Sophia L. Little,
Thrice through the Furnace: A Tale of the Times of the Iron Hoof
(Pawtucket, RI: A. W. Pearce, 1852), 3.
75
Ibid.; “Literary Notices. ‘Thrice through the Furnace. A Tale of the Times of the Iron Hoof,’ ”
Frederick Douglass’ Paper,
July 16, 1852.
Ibid.; “Literary Notices. ‘Thrice through the Furnace. A Tale of the Times of the Iron Hoof,’ ”
Frederick Douglass’ Paper,
July 16, 1852.
78
A Graduate of ’69 [Lyman H. Bagg],
Four Years at Yale
(New Haven, CT: Charles C. Chatfield, 1871), 39.
A Graduate of ’69 [Lyman H. Bagg],
Four Years at Yale
(New Haven, CT: Charles C. Chatfield, 1871), 39.
79
Russell H. Chittendon,
History of the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University, 1846-1922
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1928), 1:74.
Russell H. Chittendon,
History of the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University, 1846-1922
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1928), 1:74.
80
Gilman, “Clarence King’s School-days,” in Hague,
Memoirs,
298-99; Chittendon,
History of the Sheffield Scientific School,
1:81-127.
Gilman, “Clarence King’s School-days,” in Hague,
Memoirs,
298-99; Chittendon,
History of the Sheffield Scientific School,
1:81-127.
82
King comments on Marsh’s youthful fossil discoveries in CK to JTG, 18 Mar. 1862, HM 27824, HEH.
King comments on Marsh’s youthful fossil discoveries in CK to JTG, 18 Mar. 1862, HM 27824, HEH.
83
CK to JTG, 10 Oct. 1861, HM 27821, HEH.
CK to JTG, 10 Oct. 1861, HM 27821, HEH.
84
Clarence King, “Scientific notes, private” [notebook, c. 1863], A2, King Papers, HEH.
Clarence King, “Scientific notes, private” [notebook, c. 1863], A2, King Papers, HEH.
86
CK to George F. Becker, Sunday, [Jan. 1894], box 2, George Perkins Merrill Collection, Ms. Div., LC. Thanks to Clifford M. Nelson of the USGS, for bringing this to my attention.
CK to George F. Becker, Sunday, [Jan. 1894], box 2, George Perkins Merrill Collection, Ms. Div., LC. Thanks to Clifford M. Nelson of the USGS, for bringing this to my attention.
88
CK to JTG, 10 Oct. 1861, HEH.
CK to JTG, 10 Oct. 1861, HEH.
89
Ibid., 18 Mar. 1862.
Ibid., 18 Mar. 1862.
90
Ellsworth Eliot Jr.,
Yale in the Civil War
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1932), 8, 13, 20, 28; Aaron Sachs,
The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism
(New York: Viking, 2006), 180-86.
Ellsworth Eliot Jr.,
Yale in the Civil War
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1932), 8, 13, 20, 28; Aaron Sachs,
The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism
(New York: Viking, 2006), 180-86.
91
Rufus King, “Pedigree of King,” King Papers, HEH.
Rufus King, “Pedigree of King,” King Papers, HEH.
94
CK to JTG, 28 July 1861, Gardiner Collection, NYSL.
CK to JTG, 28 July 1861, Gardiner Collection, NYSL.
95
CK to JTG, 18 Mar. 1862, HEH.
CK to JTG, 18 Mar. 1862, HEH.
97
Ibid.
Ibid.
98
Declaration of Benjamin Baldwin, 11 Aug. 1862, Gardiner Collection, NYSL.
Declaration of Benjamin Baldwin, 11 Aug. 1862, Gardiner Collection, NYSL.
100
Thurman Wilkins made a concerted and unsuccessful effort to find King’s name on Civil War enrollment lists. See Wilkins,
King,
39n.
Thurman Wilkins made a concerted and unsuccessful effort to find King’s name on Civil War enrollment lists. See Wilkins,
King,
39n.
101
Rufus King, “Pedigree of King,” King Papers, HEH. Although Rufus King claimed that William served with the famous Fifty-fourth Massachusetts Regiment, other sources suggest he served with Company C, Fourth Infantry Regiment, United States Colored Infantry. See William V. King, military record,
http://search.ancestrylibrary.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&rank=0&gsfn=william
+v.&gsln=king&sx=&f9=&f14=&f6=&f10Day=&f10Month=&f10 Year= & gsk w = & prox=1& f10 = ++& db = hdssoldiers & ti =5542 & ti.si = 0 & gss = angs-d & f h = 0 & recid=713305&recoff=1+2+3 (accessed Jan. 6, 2007), and
http://search.ancestrylibrary.com/cg
i-bin /sse.dll? ind iv =1& ra nk= 0 & t ips = 0 & gsfn = & gsln = k ing & sx= & f 22 = U. S.+ Colored + Troops&f5=Union&f20=4th+infantry&gskw=&prox=1&db=nps_civilwarsoldiers&ti= 5542 & t i.si = 0 & g ss = a ng s-d & f h =1 & recid = 3080700&recof f = 3 + 14 + 15 + 16 + 17+ 43 + 56 + 61 & hovR=1 (accessed Aug. 10, 2007). See also Edward G. Longacre,
A Regiment of Slaves: The 4th United States Colored Infantry
(Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2003), 86-87. Rufus King, when publishing his family genealogy in 1891, may simply have conflated other black regiments with the better-known Fifty-fourth Massachusetts. On William Vernon King’s mother, Charlotte King, see Henry James,
A Small Boy and Others
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1913), 274-76, 388-95.
Rufus King, “Pedigree of King,” King Papers, HEH. Although Rufus King claimed that William served with the famous Fifty-fourth Massachusetts Regiment, other sources suggest he served with Company C, Fourth Infantry Regiment, United States Colored Infantry. See William V. King, military record,
http://search.ancestrylibrary.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&rank=0&gsfn=william
+v.&gsln=king&sx=&f9=&f14=&f6=&f10Day=&f10Month=&f10 Year= & gsk w = & prox=1& f10 = ++& db = hdssoldiers & ti =5542 & ti.si = 0 & gss = angs-d & f h = 0 & recid=713305&recoff=1+2+3 (accessed Jan. 6, 2007), and
http://search.ancestrylibrary.com/cg
i-bin /sse.dll? ind iv =1& ra nk= 0 & t ips = 0 & gsfn = & gsln = k ing & sx= & f 22 = U. S.+ Colored + Troops&f5=Union&f20=4th+infantry&gskw=&prox=1&db=nps_civilwarsoldiers&ti= 5542 & t i.si = 0 & g ss = a ng s-d & f h =1 & recid = 3080700&recof f = 3 + 14 + 15 + 16 + 17+ 43 + 56 + 61 & hovR=1 (accessed Aug. 10, 2007). See also Edward G. Longacre,
A Regiment of Slaves: The 4th United States Colored Infantry
(Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2003), 86-87. Rufus King, when publishing his family genealogy in 1891, may simply have conflated other black regiments with the better-known Fifty-fourth Massachusetts. On William Vernon King’s mother, Charlotte King, see Henry James,
A Small Boy and Others
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1913), 274-76, 388-95.
103
On the mechanics of the 1863 draft, see “Final Report Made to the Secretary of War, by the Provost Marshal General, March 17, 1863 to March 17, 1866,” in
Executive Documents Printed by the House of Representatives, During the First Session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, 1865-66
(Washington, DC: GPO, 1866), 19-20. Reference courtesy of Robert Bonner.
On the mechanics of the 1863 draft, see “Final Report Made to the Secretary of War, by the Provost Marshal General, March 17, 1863 to March 17, 1866,” in
Executive Documents Printed by the House of Representatives, During the First Session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, 1865-66
(Washington, DC: GPO, 1866), 19-20. Reference courtesy of Robert Bonner.
104
Francis P. Farquhar, ed., “The Whitney Survey on Mount Shasta, 1862: A Letter from William H. Brewer to Professor Brush,”
California Historical Society Quarterly
7 (1928): 121-31.
Francis P. Farquhar, ed., “The Whitney Survey on Mount Shasta, 1862: A Letter from William H. Brewer to Professor Brush,”
California Historical Society Quarterly
7 (1928): 121-31.
106
“His decision is fully as hard to unravel as mine,” Gardiner wrote to his mother, with regard to King’s career choice, October 26, 1862, cited in Wilkins,
King,
41.
“His decision is fully as hard to unravel as mine,” Gardiner wrote to his mother, with regard to King’s career choice, October 26, 1862, cited in Wilkins,
King,
41.
107
CK to George J. Brush, 30 Jan. 1863, cited in ibid.
CK to George J. Brush, 30 Jan. 1863, cited in ibid.
108
Ibid., 42-43.
Ibid., 42-43.
109
David H. Dickason,
The Daring Young Men: The Story of the American Pre-Raphaelites
(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1953), 75.
David H. Dickason,
The Daring Young Men: The Story of the American Pre-Raphaelites
(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1953), 75.
112
King evidently mentioned
John Brent
to his friend Frank Emmons. The novel appeared after its author’s death in the Civil War. Emmons, “Clarence King—Memoranda,” S. F. Emmons Papers, LC.
King evidently mentioned
John Brent
to his friend Frank Emmons. The novel appeared after its author’s death in the Civil War. Emmons, “Clarence King—Memoranda,” S. F. Emmons Papers, LC.
114
Lieutenant Leander Waterman to Mrs. Dewey, ibid., 88.
Lieutenant Leander Waterman to Mrs. Dewey, ibid., 88.
115
Ibid., 23.
Ibid., 23.
116
Clarence King, entry for Oct. 18, [1863], “Journal of Trip in Northern Sierra, Grass Valley, Northern Survey,” D23, King Papers, HEH.
Clarence King, entry for Oct. 18, [1863], “Journal of Trip in Northern Sierra, Grass Valley, Northern Survey,” D23, King Papers, HEH.
118
William H. Brewer, quoted in Raymond, “Biographical Notice,” 316.
William H. Brewer, quoted in Raymond, “Biographical Notice,” 316.
119
J. T. Redman, “Reminiscences and Experiences on My Trip Across the Plains to California Sixty-One Years Ago When I Drove Four Mules to a Covered Wagon,” typescript, 2, HM 20426, HEH.
J. T. Redman, “Reminiscences and Experiences on My Trip Across the Plains to California Sixty-One Years Ago When I Drove Four Mules to a Covered Wagon,” typescript, 2, HM 20426, HEH.
120
David Dary,
The Oregon Trail: An American Saga
(2004; repr., New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), 289.
David Dary,
The Oregon Trail: An American Saga
(2004; repr., New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), 289.
122
[ JTG], “Clarence King’s Boyhood,” 2, King Papers, HEH.
[ JTG], “Clarence King’s Boyhood,” 2, King Papers, HEH.
125
Redman, “Reminiscences,” 5.
Redman, “Reminiscences,” 5.
126
Ibid.
Ibid.
129
JTG to his mother, Anne Terry Gardner, quoted in William H. Brewer,
Up and Down California in 1860-1864,
ed. Francis P. Farquhar (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1930), 469n; Moore,
King of the 40th Parallel,
68-69.
JTG to his mother, Anne Terry Gardner, quoted in William H. Brewer,
Up and Down California in 1860-1864,
ed. Francis P. Farquhar (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1930), 469n; Moore,
King of the 40th Parallel,
68-69.
130
Quoted in William H. Goetzmann,
Exploration and Empire: The Explorer and the Scientist in the Winning of the American West
(New York: Vintage Books, 1972), 360.
Quoted in William H. Goetzmann,
Exploration and Empire: The Explorer and the Scientist in the Winning of the American West
(New York: Vintage Books, 1972), 360.
134
Ibid., 317.
Ibid., 317.
137
Clarence King,
Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada,
ed. and with a preface by Francis P. Farquhar (1872; repr., Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997), 142. Unless otherwise noted, all subsequent references are to this edition.
Clarence King,
Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada,
ed. and with a preface by Francis P. Farquhar (1872; repr., Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997), 142. Unless otherwise noted, all subsequent references are to this edition.
138
Ibid., 193.
Ibid., 193.
140
Brewer letter quoted in Raymond, “Biographical Notice,” in Hague,
Memoirs,
319. For an excellent discussion of King’s interest in Tyndall and Ruskin, see Michael L. Smith,
Pacific Visions: California Scientists and the Environment, 1850-1915
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1987), 71-103.
Brewer letter quoted in Raymond, “Biographical Notice,” in Hague,
Memoirs,
319. For an excellent discussion of King’s interest in Tyndall and Ruskin, see Michael L. Smith,
Pacific Visions: California Scientists and the Environment, 1850-1915
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1987), 71-103.
143
Clarence King, entry for Sept. 20, “Journal of Trip in Northern Sierra, Grass Valley, Northern Survey,” D23, King Papers, HEH.
Clarence King, entry for Sept. 20, “Journal of Trip in Northern Sierra, Grass Valley, Northern Survey,” D23, King Papers, HEH.
144
Ibid., entry for Oct. 19.
Ibid., entry for Oct. 19.
146
King, “Journal of Trip in Northern Sierra,” entry for Oct. 18, King Papers, HEH.
King, “Journal of Trip in Northern Sierra,” entry for Oct. 18, King Papers, HEH.
147
Goetzmann,
Exploration and Empire,
373-74; Raymond, “Biographical Notice,” in Hague,
Memoirs
, 327-29.
Goetzmann,
Exploration and Empire,
373-74; Raymond, “Biographical Notice,” in Hague,
Memoirs
, 327-29.
149
JTG to his mother, 7 Apr. 1864, cited ibid., 76.
JTG to his mother, 7 Apr. 1864, cited ibid., 76.
151
Ibid., 60.
Ibid., 60.
152
Ibid., 99.
Ibid., 99.
153
Ibid., 71.
Ibid., 71.
154
Clarence King, “The Ascent of Mount Tyndall,”
Atlantic Monthly
28 (July 1871): 369-84. King later adapted the piece for inclusion in
Mountaineering.
Clarence King, “The Ascent of Mount Tyndall,”
Atlantic Monthly
28 (July 1871): 369-84. King later adapted the piece for inclusion in
Mountaineering.
156
Ibid., 69-94.
Ibid., 69-94.
159
Edwin Tenney Brewster,
Life and Letters of Josiah Dwight Whitney
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1909), 237-38, cited in Goetzmann,
Exploration and Empire,
374.
Edwin Tenney Brewster,
Life and Letters of Josiah Dwight Whitney
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1909), 237-38, cited in Goetzmann,
Exploration and Empire,
374.
162
Ibid., 191.
Ibid., 191.
163
CK to S. F. Emmons, 26 Aug. 1877, Clarence King Papers, American Philosophical Society (hereafter APS).
CK to S. F. Emmons, 26 Aug. 1877, Clarence King Papers, American Philosophical Society (hereafter APS).
164
“George S. Howland,”
Quarter Centenary Record of the Class of 1888: Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University,
comp. Percey F. Smith (New Haven, CT: Printed for the class, 1915), 114. Citation courtesy of Neilson Abeel.
“George S. Howland,”
Quarter Centenary Record of the Class of 1888: Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University,
comp. Percey F. Smith (New Haven, CT: Printed for the class, 1915), 114. Citation courtesy of Neilson Abeel.
165
Wilkins,
King,
80; CK to William Henry Brewer, 25 July 1865, group 100, series 1, box 4, folder 100, William Henry Brewer Papers, Manuscripts and Archives, Sterling Library, Yale University; “Maritime Intelligence,”
New York Times,
Nov. 2, 1865, citation courtesy of Patricia Chacon.
Wilkins,
King,
80; CK to William Henry Brewer, 25 July 1865, group 100, series 1, box 4, folder 100, William Henry Brewer Papers, Manuscripts and Archives, Sterling Library, Yale University; “Maritime Intelligence,”
New York Times,
Nov. 2, 1865, citation courtesy of Patricia Chacon.
170
CK to S. F. Emmons, 1 Apr. 1873, Clarence King Papers, APS.
CK to S. F. Emmons, 1 Apr. 1873, Clarence King Papers, APS.
172
Van Cott v. Prentice and Others,
59 Sickels 45, 104 N.Y. 45, 10 N.E. 257 ( Jan. 18, 1887); [ JTG], “Clarence King’s Boyhood,” King Papers, HEH.
Van Cott v. Prentice and Others,
59 Sickels 45, 104 N.Y. 45, 10 N.E. 257 ( Jan. 18, 1887); [ JTG], “Clarence King’s Boyhood,” King Papers, HEH.
174
“Clare has paid me all that he owed.” JTG to mother, 3 Nov. 1867, Gardiner Collection, NYSL.
“Clare has paid me all that he owed.” JTG to mother, 3 Nov. 1867, Gardiner Collection, NYSL.
175
Clarence King, “Preface,” in
Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada,
9th ed. (Boston: Ticknor, [1874]), iv.
Clarence King, “Preface,” in
Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada,
9th ed. (Boston: Ticknor, [1874]), iv.
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