Patriot Pirates (33 page)

Read Patriot Pirates Online

Authors: Robert H. Patton

BOOK: Patriot Pirates
12.59Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub

“a long indisposition”:
Silas Deane to Charles W. F. Dumas, Oct. 1, 1777, SDP, vol. 2, p. 164.
“as obnoxious to England”:
Silas Deane to Barnabas Deane, Oct. 7, 1777, SDP, vol. 2, p. 177.
“my only hope”:
Silas Deane to Barnabas Deane, April 20, 1780, SDP, vol. 4, p. 130.
“in high spirits”:
Silas Deane to Conrad A. Gerard, May 11, 1777, SDP, vol. 2, p. 52.
“The two ships”:
Lord Stormont to Lord Weymouth, July 2, 1777, NDAR, vol. 9, p. 452.
“a smile of heaven”:
John Bradford to John Hancock, March 20, 1777, NDAR, vol. 8, p. 155.

“no return was expected”:
Arthur Lee to the Committee of Commerce, Aug. 16, 1777, NDAR, vol. 9, p. 572.
“The king furnished nothing”:
Morton and Spinelli, p. 201.
“everything he says”:
Augur, p. 137.
“This gentleman is not a merchant”:
Arthur Lee to the Committee of Commerce, Aug. 16, 1777, NDAR, vol. 9, p. 573.

“You are sensible”:
Silas Deane to the Committee of Commerce, Sept. 3, 1777, NDAR, vol. 9, p. 625.
“as much general joy”:
Augur, p. 252.

“all the fruits of this war”:
Ibid., p. 260.
“their borrowed plumes”:
Arthur Lee to Theodoric Bland, Dec. 13, 1778, SDP, vol. 3, p. 80.

“complimentary to your abilities”:
Augur, p. 280.
“I have in my possession”:
Beaumarchais to Vergennes, March 13, 1778, SDP, vol. 2. p. 399.

“retire with honor”:
Silas Deane to Jonathan Williams, March 21, 1778, SDP, vol. 2, p. 421.

“zeal, activity, and intelligence”:
Vergennes to the president of Congress, March 25, 1778, SDP, vol. 2, p. 434.
“It is hinted now”:
William Lee to Francis Lightfoot Lee, Nov. 11, 1777, SDP, vol. 2, p. 213.

“Adams-Lee junto”:
Ferguson, p. 94.
“open dissensions”:
Augur, p. 274.
“a man of integrity”:
Benjamin Franklin to James Lovell, Oct. 17, 1779, SDP, vol. 4, p. 109.

“if America should be successful”:
“Statement concerning the employment of Lieut. Col. Edward Smith with regard to Captain Hynson and a Sketch of the Information Obtained,” March 31, 1777, NDAR, vol. 8, p. 728.
“a few hours’ notice”:
Silas Deane to William Carmichael, June 30, 1784, SDP, vol. 5, p. 318.
“I thought it was likewise”:
Morton and Spinelli, p. 199.

“this business with Conyngham”:
Neeser, p. 149.
“the localist and power-weakening emphasis”:
Wood, p. 146.
“The rancor it left”:
Ferguson, p. 104.

“I can only lament”:
Arthur Lee to Samuel Adams, April 21, 1782,
Letters of Delegates to Congress: March
1, 1781
—August
31, 1781.

1782 P
ORTSMOUTH,
E
NGLAND

“complicated affairs”:
Neeser, p. 156.
“her teeth were too many”:
Ibid., p. xlviii.
“You will go next”:
Ibid., p. 159.

“is therefore sent to England”:
Ibid., p. 183.
“in close confinement”:
Ibid., p. 186.
“Your king will not reward you”:
William Bell Clark, p. 12.

“upon account of debtor and creditor”:
Ibid., p. 13.
“hang for high treason”:
Ibid., p. 14.

“I think it right”:
Ibid., p. 120.
“for the inoculation”:
Ibid., p. 175.
“committed treason”
through
“petty tyrants”:
Neeser, p. 190.

T
EN

“What I have been dreading”:
Stegeman, p. 81.

“first American civil war”:
Thomas E. Griess, ed.,
Early American Wars and Military Institutions
, p. 28.
“One hundred and eighty miles”:
Boatner, p. 415.

“ill planned”
through
“between them and ruin”:
Nathanael Greene to John Brown, Sept. 6, 1778, NGP, vol. 2, p. 507.
“Your family”:
Nathanael Greene to John Brown, Oct. 4, 1778, NGP, vol. 2, p. 539.

“He is either a spy”:
Harvey, p. 346.
“an unfortunate dog”:
Nathanael Greene to Jeremiah Wadsworth, Aug. 29, 1780, NGP, vol. 6, p. 245.

“There is no help”:
Nathanael Greene to Jeremiah Wadsworth, May 8, 1780, NGP, vol. 5, p. 550.
“destroyed all our plans”:
Jacob Greene to Nathanael Greene, May 7, 1780, NGP, vol. 5, p. 549.
“We purchased a small part”:
Jacob Greene to Nathanael Greene, Sept. 7, 1780, NGP, vol. 6, p. 269.
“the locusts of Egypt”:
Harvey, p. 372.

“unless you have a good army”:
Ibid., p. 373
“Thus separated”:
Editor’s Introduction, NGP, vol. 6.

“A few such victories”:
Nathanael Greene to Nicholas Cooke, June 22, 1775, NGP, vol. 1, p. 89.
“the amazing success”:
Jeremiah Wadsworth to Nathanael Greene, July 10, 1782, NGP, vol. 11, p. 429.
“the smiles of fortune”
through
“for our industry”:
Nathanael Greene to Griffin Greene, Oct. 22, 1780, NGP, vol. 6, p. 422.

“we will suffer deeply”:
Charles Pettit to Nathanael Greene, Aug. 23, 1781, NGP, vol. 9, p. 227.
“I take this opportunity”:
John Cox to Nathanael Greene, Sept. 20, 1781, NGP, vol. 9, p. 338.
“I venture to lean”:
Charles Pettit to Nathanael Greene, June 14, 1782, NGP, vol. 11, p. 330.
“fate will have it otherwise”:
Nathanael Greene to Jeremiah Wadsworth, Feb. 9, 1782, NGP, vol. 10, p. 337.

“I am glad of it”:
Nathanael Greene to Jeremiah Wadsworth, July 1, 1782, NGP, vol. 11, p. 389.
“a state of perplexity”:
Jacob Greene to Nathanael Greene, May 4, 1783, NGP, vol. 12, p. 640.
“judge us as we deserve”:
Griffin Greene to Nathanael Greene, May 21, 1783, NGP, vol. 12, p. 677.
“My disappointment is considerable”:
Griffin Greene to Nathanael Greene, June 10, 1783, NGP, vol. 12, p. 690.
“To have a decent income”:
Stegeman, p. 112.

“Mr. Morris the financier”:
Nathanael Greene to John Banks, April 23, 1782, NGP, vol. 11, p. 105.
“this oppressed country”:
Nathanael Greene to John Banks, Dec. 25, 1782, NGP, vol. 12, p. 345.

“He had the example”:
Nathanael Greene to Benjamin Harrison, March 28, 1783, NGP, vol. 12, p. 543.
“I cannot suppose”:
Statement of John Banks, Feb. 15, 1783, NGP, vol. 12, p. 444.
“his conduct made a subject”:
Statement of General Anthony Wayne and Colonel Edward Carrington, Feb. 15, 1783, NGP, vol. 12, p. 446.

“I verily believe”:
Stegeman, p. 112.
“I tremble”:
Ibid., p. 115.
“good man die”:
Ibid., p. 124.
“some would place him first”:
Griess, p. 32.
“never been much my friend”:
Nathanael Greene to Barnabas Deane, Dec. 25, 1782, NGP, vol. 12, p. 8.
“this day approved”:
Stegeman, p. 154.

1782 G
UADELOUPE,
W
EST
I
NDIES

“a great coward”:
Cohen, p. 190.
“the person after whom she was called”:
Charles Thompson to Robert Morris, June 4, 1782,
Letters of Delegates to Congress.
“tribute to your honor”:
Tagney, p. 387.

“much to be regretted”:
Maclay, p. 206.

E
LEVEN

“I humbly think”:
Brown, p. 72.
“I am unhappy”:
Ibid., p. 76.

“our agent here”:
Ibid., p. 76.
“more afflicted than surprised”:
Alberts, p. 454.
“nest of outlaws”:
Andrew Jackson O’Shaughnessy,
An Empire Divided,
p. 216.

“You recollect”:
Robert Morris to William Bingham, Oct. 1, 1778,
Letters of Delegates to Congress: October
1, 1777
—January
31, 1779.

“Profitable private business”:
Brown, p. 81.

“wheeled oysters”:
Wagner, p. 130.
“That the payments of debts”:
Morton and Spinelli, p. 322.

“Large fortunes”:
Alberts, p. 371.

“I can neither think”:
George L. Clark,
Silas Deane, a Connecticut Leader in the American Revolution,
p. 189.
“curse instead of a blessing”:
“To the Free and Independent Citizens of the United States of North-America,” Nov. 3, 1783, SDP, vol. 5, p. 237.
“the same infamy”:
Boyd, I, p. 168.
“many serious truths”:
Joseph Reed to Nathanael Greene, Feb. 9, 1782, NGP, vol. 10, p. 337.

“Is it become treason”:
Boyd, I, p. 170.
“an exceeding good opinion”:
Augur, p. 333.
“lest he should be led”:
Boyd, I, p. 191.
“make it impossible”
and
“Even between enemies”:
Augur, p. 334.
“If America shall”:
Silas Deane to Benjamin Franklin, May 13, 1782, SDP, vol. 5, p. 88.

“any want in probity”:
Boyd, III, p. 532.
“I am strongly inclined”:
Ibid., p. 530.
“colonial administration”:
Boyd, I, p. 539.

“practicable and useful”:
Lord Dorchester to Lord Sydney, Oct. 24, 1787, SDP, vol. 5, p. 481.
“resentments toward”:
Robert Morris to Silas Deane, Dec. 5, 1785, SDP, vol. 5, p. 471.
“my hopes are revived”:
Silas Deane to George Washington, June 25, 1789, SDP, vol. 5, p. 525.
“There is no gravestone”:
Clark, Silas Deane, p. 253.
“abject poverty”:
Reprinted from a London newspaper in the
American Mercury,
Dec. 28, 1789, SDP, vol. 5, p. 533.
“a treacherous desertion”:
Boyd, I, p. 173.

“to revenge past injuries”
through
“rejoice most at the event”:
Ibid., p. 179.
“pain and humiliation”:
Boyd, III, p. 548.
“a mysteriousness”:
Morton and Spinelli, p. 284.

“compassionate feeling”:
Ibid., p. 285.

“the heirs of Mr. Beaumarchais”:
Ibid., p. 322.

1782 B
ROOKLYN,
N
EW
Y
ORK

“We were out
25
days”
through
“when peace took place”:
Vail,
Journal.

“Some ambition”
through
“almost without parallel”:
Sherburne,
Memoirs.

T
WELVE

“social forces of the generation”:
East, p. 323.
“Like Puritanism”:
Wood,
The Creation of the American Republic,
1776-1787, p. 418.
“the joint combination”:
Ibid., p. 420.

“the principles and manners”
through
“Christian Sparta”:
Ibid., p. 423.
“Rich and numerous prizes”:
East, p. 213.
a logical move of upward mobility:
Ibid., p. 214.

Americans welcomed the glut:
Buel, p. 247.
there was enough supply:
East, p. 246.

“working through middlemen”
through
“daily expected”:
James A. Rawley,
The Transatlantic Slave Trade,
p. 349.

“bettered their condition”:
Hedges, p. 84.
“from necessity”
through
“prosecuted more severely”:
Ibid., p. 83.
“not be any more concerned”:
Thompson, p. 191.

“hundreds there is”:
Ibid., p. 53.

1783 P
ROVIDENCE,
R
HODE
I
SLAND

“I had some trying scenes”
through
“in the land of liberty”:
Sherburne,
Memoirs.

B
IBLIOGRAPHY

Books

Alberts, Robert C.
The Golden Voyage: The Life and Times of William Bingham.
Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969.

Allen, Gardner Weld.
Massachusetts Privateers of the Revolution
. Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1927.

Augur, Helen.
The Secret War of Independence.
New York: Duell, Sloan & Pierce, 1955.

Beattie, Donald W. and J. Richard Collins.
Washington’s New England Fleet; Beverly’s Role in Its Origins
1775–77. Salem: Newcomb & Gauss, 1969.

Beaumarchais, Pierre-Augustin Caron de.
The Figaro Trilogy.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

Boatner, Mark M., III.
Encyclopedia of the American Revolution.
New York: Van Rees, 1966.

Bowen-Hassell, E. Gordon, Dennis Michael Conrad, and Mark L. Hayes.
Sea Raiders of the American Revolution: The Continental Navy in European Waters.
Washington, D.C.: Naval History Center, 2003.

Buchanan, John.
The Road to Guilford Courthouse.
New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1998.

Buel, Richard Jr.
In Irons: Britain’s Naval Supremacy and the American Revolutionary Economy.
New Haven: Yale University, 1998.

Buker, George E.
The Penobscot Expedition: Commodore Saltonstall and the Massachusetts Conspiracy of 1779.
Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2002.

Clark, George L.
Silas Deane, a Connecticut Leader in the American Revolution.
New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1913.

Clark, William Bell.
Ben Franklin’s Privateers: A Naval Epic of the American Revolution.
New York: Greenwood Press, 1956.

Coggins, Jack.
Ships and Seamen of the American Revolution.
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole, 1969.

Cohen, Sheldon S.
Yankee Sailors in British Gaols: Prisoners of War at Forton and Mill,
1777–1783. London: Associated University Presses, 1995.

Davis, Joshua.
A Narrative of Joshua Davis, an American Citizen who was Pressed and Served On Board Six Ships of the British Navy.
Boston: B. True, 1811.

East, Robert A.
Business Enterprise in the American Revolutionary Era.
New York: Columbia University, 1938.

Ellis, Joseph.
Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation.
New York: Vintage, 2002.

Ferguson, E. James.
The Power of the Purse.
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1961.

Flexner, James Thomas.
George Washington in the American Revolution
. Boston: Little, Brown, 1967.

Freeman, Douglas Southall.
George Washington
. New York: Scribner’s, 1951.

Fowler, William M., Jr.
Rebels Under Sail: The American Navy during the Revolution.
New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1976.

Gardiner, Robert, ed.
The Line of Battle: The Sailing Warship
1650–1840. London: Conway Maritime Press, 1992.

———.
Navies and the American Revolution
1775–1783. London: Chatham Publishing, 1996.

Griess, Thomas E., ed.
The West Point Military History Series: Early American Wars and Military Institutions.
Wayne, N.J.: Avery Publishing, 1986.

Harvey, Robert.
A Few Bloody Noses: The Realities and Mythologies of the American Revolution.
New York: Overlook, 2003.

Hearn, Chester G.
George Washington’s Schooners.
Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1995.

Hedges, James. B.
The Browns of Providence Plantations: Colonial Years.
Cambridge: Harvard University, 1952.

Hielscher, Udo.
Financing the American Revolution
. New York: Museum of American Financial History, 2003.

Hurst, Ronald.
The Golden Rock: An Episode of the American War of Independence.
Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1996.

Jensen, Merrill.
The Founding of a Nation: A History of the American Revolution,
1763–1776. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968.

Knox, Dudley W.
The Naval Genius of George Washington.
Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1932.

Konstam, Angus and Angus McBride.
Privateers and Pirates:
1730–1830. Oxford: Osprey, 2001.

Maclay, Edward Stanton.
A History of American Privateers.
New York: Burt Franklin, 1899.

McCullough, David. 1776. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005.

McDowell, Bart.
The Revolutionary War: America’s Fight for Freedom.
Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1967.

McMillin, James A.
The Final Victims: Foreign Slave Trade to North America,
1783–1810. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2004.

Morton, Brian N. and Donald C. Spinelli.
Beaumarchais and the American Revolution.
New York: Lexington, 2003.

Neeser, Robert Wilden, ed.
Letters and Papers Relating to the Cruises of Gustavus Conyngham, a Captain of the Continental Navy
1777–1779. London: Kennikat, 1970.

O’Shaughnessy, Andrew Jackson.
An Empire Divided: The American Revolution and the British Caribbean.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2000.

Perkins, James Breck.
France in the American Revolution.
Whitefish, Montana: Kessinger Publishing, 2006.

Petrie, Donald A.
The Prize Game: Lawful Looting on the High Seas in the Days of Fighting Sail.
New York: Berkeley, 1999.

Rawley, James A.,
The Transatlantic Slave Trade.
New York: W. W. Norton, 1981.

Rodger, N.A.M.
The Wooden World: An Anatomy of the Georgian Navy.
New York: W. W. Norton, 1996.

Royster, Charles.
A Revolutionary People at War: The Continental Army and American Character,
1775–1783. New York: Norton, 1981.

Schiff, Stacy.
A Great Improvisation: Franklin, France, and the Birth of America.
New York: Henry Holt, 2005.

Sherburne, Andrew.
Memoirs of Andrew Sherburne: A Pensioner of the Navy of the Revolution.
Providence: M. M. Brown, 1831.

Smith, Philip Chadwick Foster.
Fired By Manley Zeal: A Naval Fiasco of the American Revolution.
Salem: Peabody Museum, 1977.

Staples, William R.
The Documentary Description of the Destruction of the Gaspee.
Providence: Rhode Island Publications Society, 1990.

Stegeman, John F. and Janet A. Stegeman.
Caty: A Biography of Catharine Littlefield Greene.
Athens: University of Georgia, 1977.

Tagney, Ronald N.
The World Turned Upside Down: Essex County During America’s Turbulent Years,
1763–1790. West Newbury: Essex County History, 1989.

Thomas, Evan.
John Paul Jones: Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003.

Thompson, Mack.
Moses Brown: Reluctant Reformer.
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1962.

Wagner, Frederick.
Robert Morris: Audacious Patriot.
New York: Dodd, Mead, 1976.

Warner, Jessica.
The Incendiary: The Misadventures of John the Painter, First Modern Terrorist.
New York: Thunder’s Mouth, 2004.

Whitehill, Walter Muir.
Captain Joseph Peabody.
Salem: Peabody Museum, 1962.

Wilbur, C. Keith.
Pirates & Patriots of the Revolution.
Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 1973.

Wood, Gordon S.
The American Revolution: A History
. New York: The Modern Library, 2002.

———.
The Creation of the American Republic,
1776–1787. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1969.

———.
The Radicalism of the American Revolution.
New York: Vintage, 1993.

Articles

Baack, Ben. “The Economics of the American Revolutionary War,”
EH.Net
Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples, Nov. 14, 2001. Accessed Sept. 5, 2005. <
http://www.eh.net/encyclopedia/contents/baack/war.revolutionary.us.php
>

—————. “Forging a Nation State: The Continental Congress and the Financing of the War of American Independence,”
Economic History Review
, LIV, 4 (2001).

Boyd, Julian. “Silas Deane: Death by a Kindly Teacher of Treason?”
William and Mary Quarterly
, 3rd Series, vol. 16, nos. I, III, IV, April, July, Oct. 1959.

Brown, Margaret L. “William Bingham, Agent of the Continental Congress in Martinique,”
Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
, issue 61, Jan. 1937.

Cohen, Sheldon S. “Samuel Peters Comments on the Death of Silas Deane,”
The New England Quarterly,
vol. 40, Sept. 1967.

Cook, Frank Gaylord. “Robert Morris.”
The Atlantic Monthly.
vol. 66, issue 397: Nov. 1890.

pp. 607–618. Danforth, Susan. “No New Taxes! Conflicts that Led up to the Burning of the
Gaspee
.”
The Bridge, Newspaper of the Pawtuxet Village Association,
Spring 2003.

Goldstein, Kalman. “Silas Deane: Preparation for Rascality.”
The Historian
, vol. 43, no. 1, Nov. 1980.

Goodrich, Casper F. “Washington’s Attitude Toward the Navy.”
The Washington Association of New Jersey Archive,
1907.

Johnstone, Ruth Y. “American Privateers in French Ports, 1776–1778.”
Pennsylvania Magazine of History & Biography
LIII (Oct. 1929), p. 352.

Skaaren, Lorna. “Robert R. Livingston and the American Revolution.”
The Livingston Legacy: Three Centuries of American History
. From the symposium, June 6–7, 1986. Accessed March 6, 2006. <
http://www.hrmm.org/steamboats/livingston/skaaren.htm
>

Storch, Neil T. “The Recall of Silas Deane.”
The Connecticut Historical Society Bulletin
, vol. 38, no. 1, Jan. 1973.

Vail, Christopher.
Christopher Vail’s Journal
(1775–1782).
Newsday.com
: 2006. Accessed Nov. 3, 2006.
http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-historyhs401av1
, 0, 1855052, print. story

Wilson, Sally D. “Who Was Whipple?”
Revolutionary Portraits: People, Places and Events from Rhode Island’s Historic Past.
Providence: Rhode Island Bicentennial Foundation, 1976.

Other books

Happy Accidents by Jane Lynch
Alaskan Sanctuary by Teri Wilson
A Texas Christmas by Jodi Thomas, Linda Broday, Phyliss Miranda
A Bride For The Sheikh by Lane, Katheryn
Isles of the Forsaken by Ives Gilman, Carolyn
Desolation Boulevard by Mark Gordon
The Square of Revenge by Pieter Aspe
Cascade by Claudia Hall Christian