Penguin History of the United States of America (133 page)

Anti-Masonic Party,
278

Anti-semitism,
556
,
558

Anti-slavery (
see also
Abolitionism
),
229
,
243
,
292
,
295
,
300
,
307
,
308

Germantown petition,
99

and A. Revolution,
179–80

in England,
180

ends slavery in the North,
280

and Kansas-Nebraska Act,
203

and Republican Party,
303

and Kansas,
305

and Civil War,
323–4

Anti-trust,
455
,
461

‘trust-busting’,
451

Antietam, Battle of,
327
,
329
,
330
,
333

Appalachian mountains,
13n
,
66
,
88
,
104
,
120
,
183
,
221
,
223
,
237
,
259
,
308

Appomattox Court House,
69
,
344
,
346
,
348–9
,
364
,
377
,
425
,
615

Apprentices,
127

Argall, Samuel,
23

Argentina,
513

Argonne, Battle of the,
479

Aristocracy

in America,
104–6
,
268

in Britain,
77–80

in Europe,
6
,
105
,
106

Arizona,
279
,
587
,
635

Arkansas,
316
,
368
,
568
,
628
,
661

Armada, Spanish,
7
,
12

Armour Co., Philip D.,
422

Army, British

in America,
112
,
113
,
119
,
143

during Seven Years War,
118–20

and New York riots,
136

withdrawn from West,
149

in Boston,
149
,
150
,
151–3

in War of the Revolution,
168
,
170
,
172
,
183
,
184

Army of the Cumberland,
340
,
343

Army of Northern Virginia,
335–7
,
34
O,
346

Army of the Potomac,
321
,
325–7
,
333
,
335–7
,
340–41
,
426

Army, US,
68
,
203
,
245
,
251
,
264–5
,
3
O
9
,
385
,
441
,
552
,
558
,
603
,
611
,
625
,
632

origins of,
119

in War of the Revolution,
169–70
,
171–2
,
195

in Civil War,
317
,
319–21

during Reconstruction,
360
,
361–2
,
369

in First World War,
475
,
479
,
616
,
619

in Second World War,
568
,
581–2
,
622

since 1945,
587
,
599–600
,
628

in Korean War,
605–6

blacks in,
619
,
622

in Vietnam War,
654–6

Arnold, Benedict,
181
,
182

Arthur, Chester Alan (Pres. 1881–5),
408
,
693

Articles of Confederation,
178
,
191–8
passim
,
205
,
206
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
249

Asia, Asians,
5
,
404
,
438
,
468
,
561
,
649
,
690

Assassinations,
268
,
345–8
,
404
,
408
,
409
,
420
,
449
,
488
,
544
,
633
,
634
,
660
,
664

Japanese,
563

Assemblies, colonial,
177

Hillsborough and,
148

Massachusetts General Court,
45
,
89
,
125–6
,
137
,
138

New York,
134
,
136
,
143

Pennsylvania,
99
,
145

in A. Revolution,
163

rise of,
143–7

South Carolina,
118
,
150

and Stamp Act crisis,
144

taxation by,
116

and Townshend crisis,
148
,
149–50

and Tea Act,
159
,
161

Virginia House of Burgesses,
25
,
105
,
125
,
144
,
146
,
148
,
150
,
156
,
162
,
170

Assemblies, revolutionary,
105n
,
165
,
195

Association, Continental,
164

Astor, John Jacob,
383

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad,
387

Atlanta, Georgia,
341
,
617
,
630
,
637
,
639

Atlanta University,
362

Atlantic alliance,
602

Atlantic, Battle of the,
560
,
571–2

Atlantic Charter,
576
,
581

Atlantic City, New Jersey,
535

Atlantic Ocean,
3
,
15
,
37
,
75
,
106
,
108n
,
181
,
237
,
246
,
251
,
271
,
342
,
394
,
440
,
468
,
472
,
476
,
538
,
560

Attorney-General, US,
302
,
313
,
421
,
488
,
500
,
568
,
630
,
635

Attucks, Crispus,
152

Auden, W. H.,
55

Austen, Jane,
50
,
101

Australia,
503
,
513
,
571
,
648

Austria,
295
,
554

Austria-Hungary,
470
,
472

Automobile industry,
445
,
493
,
567
,
588
,
611–12
,
624
,
638

Back-country,
235
,
244

Bacon, Francis,
quoted
,
1

Bacon, Nathaniel,
29

B.’s Rebellion (1676),
29

Bahamas,
131

Bahamas Channel,
52

Bailey, John,
613

Bakke, Allan,
676

Ballinger, Richard Achilles,
457

Ballot, secret (‘Australian’),
414
,
427

Baltimore & Ohio Railroad,
378

Baltimore, George Calvert, Earl of,
52

Baltimore, Maryland,
95
,
226
,
254
,
310–11
,
328
,
378
,
414

Bank of England,
77
,
258
,
513

Bank of the United States, First,
259
,
262
,
270
,
463

Bank of the United States, Second,
270
,
274
,
384
,
460
,
463
,
543

Bank War,
275

Bankhead, Speaker William Brockman,
618

Banking Act, Emergency (1933),
524

Banking Act (1935),
543
Banking Act, Glass-Steagall,
526

Banks,
228
,
234
,
269–70
,
278
,
384
,
388
,
428
,
430
,
446
,
462
,
470
,
507
,
508–9
,
510
,
517
,
617
,
639

country b.,
536

and New Deal,
524–5
,
542–3

Banks, Gen. Nathaniel Prentiss,
339

Baptist Church,
303
,
388

Barbados,
28

Barter,
189

Bartram, John,
87
,
96

Baruch, Bernard,
477
,
531

Baseball,
363
,
400
,
488–9
,
491

Basques,
394

Bay of Pigs,
631
,
649

Beauregard, Gen. Pierre Gustave Toutant,
314
,
316
,
319
,
343

Bedford, John, Duke of,
148

Begin, Menachem,
674

Belgium,
461
,
469
,
473
,
499
,
555

Bell, John,
311

Benèt, Stephen Vincent,
quoted
,
519

Benson, Ezra Taft,
611

Benton, Sen. Thomas Hart,
266
,
270

Bering Straits and landbridge, 2,
3

Berkeley campus, Univ of California,
658

Berkeley, George, baron,
29
,
52

Berlin,
613

airlift,
595

B. Wall,
692

Bernard, Gov. Francis,
130
,
137
,
150

Bethlehem Steel Co.,
446

Bible Belt,
465

Bible, the,
31
,
32–3
,
50
,
63
,
66n
,
101n
,
107
,
202
,
232

Biddle, Francis,
568

Biddle, Nicholas,
275

Bill of Rights (
see also
Constitution of the United States
),
177–8
,
199
,
203
,
213–14
,
256
,
262
,
414

state bills of rights,
178–9
,
199

Birmingham, England,
322

Birmingham, Alabama,
372
,
633
,
634

Birney, James,
293–4

Bishop, Thomas Bingham,
310

Bismarck Sea, Battle of,
574

Black Belt,
283
,
287

Black Codes,
339
,
352
,
362
,
365

Black Fish,
224

Black Hills, S. Dakota,
246

Black, Mr Justice Hugo La Fayette,
548

Black Muslims,
639

‘Black Power’,
643

Black Star Steamship Line,
619

Black
see
Africans, African-Americans
;
Free blacks
;
Freedmen, black
;
Slavery
;
Slaves

Blackstone, Sir William,
Commentaries
,
77
,
81
,
211

Blaine, Sen. James Gillespie,
408
,
413

Blockades

in Civil War,
315
,
319
,
322
,
324–5
;
334
,
340
,
468
,
469n

in First World War,
468
,
469
,
470
,
471
,
480
,
485

of Cuba (1962),
631

‘Bloody shirt’,
355n

Bluegrass,
223

Bogart, Humphrey,
684

Bonaparte, Napoleon,
237
,
251
,
252
,
253
,
262
,
572
,
584

Bonhomme Richard
, USS,
182

Bonus March,
516

‘Boondoggling’,
542

Boone, Daniel,
221–6
,
230
,
231
,
237
,
248

Boosters,
34
,
248
,
291
,
423
,
617

Booth, John Wilkes,
346–7
,
479

Borah, Sen. William Edgar,
498
,
556

Border states, in Civil War,
314
,
324
,
331

Boston, Massachusetts,
44
,
47
,
88–9
,
93
,
96
,
97
,
100n
,
101
,
107–8
,
127
,
138
,
230
,
291
,
303
,
384
,
397–8
,
400
,
422
,
498

and anti-slavery,
292
,
293
,
296
,
303
,
304
,
332

and John Brown,
309

Castle William,
152

in Civil War,
324

Latin School,
92

Liberty Tree,
129

mob in,
126n
,
137
,
145
,
149
,
159

and Royal Navy,
128