Penguin History of the United States of America (144 page)

Nobel Peace Prize,
455
,
468
,
636
,
643
,
664

Non-consumption,
147

Non-exportation,
164

Non-importation,
131
,
133
,
148–50
,
152
,
164

Non-Intercourse Act (1809),
253

Norfolk, Virginia,
126
,
325

Norris, Sen. George William,
456
,
526

North Africa,
573

North American Review
,
393

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO),
607
,
648

North Carolina (
see also
Carolinas, the
),
67

colony,
52
,
57n
,
84
,
91n
,
103
,
221
; Regulators’ rebellion,
153

state
,
202
,
206
,
226
,
316
,
504
,
618
,
619
; in Civil War,
335
,
343

North, Colonel Oliver,
691

North, Frederick, Lord,
74
,
79
,
142
,
160
,
161
,
163
,
164
,
166
,
303

becomes Prime Minister,
151

ministry of,
80

and tea duty,
157–8

and War of A. Revolution,
182
,
185

North, the,
197
,
198
,
212
,
286
,
302
,
306
,
308
,
620

and slavery,
290
,
293
,
296
,
298
,
303
,
304–5
,
306

and secession,
312

in the Civil War,
315–45
passim

and assassination of Lincoln,
346

and post-bellum South,
363

and civil rights movement,
637

North-West, Old,
187
,
230
,
232
,
260
,
286
,
297
,
305
,
311
,
379

North-West Ordinance,
192
,
195
,
219
,
230
,
294

North-West Passage,
13

Northern Pacific Railroad,
384
,
387

Northern Securities Co.,
445
,
451

Norton, John,
158

Norway, Norwegians,
395
,
402

Nova Scotia,
22n
,
52
,
88
,
90n
,
112
,
120

Nuclear industry,
570
,
588

Nuclear submarine programme,
690

Nuclear weapons,
570
,
585–7
,
588
,
596
,
600
,
630

Cuban missile crisis,
631
,
653

‘missile gap’,
649

n. test ban treaty,
631
,
653

n. weapons tests,
630–31

Nullification,
132
,
274
,
348

N. crisis,
295
,
304
,
310

Nuremberg Tribunal,
590

Oak Ridge, Tenn.,
570

Oakley, Annie,
247

Office of Price Administration,
569
,
589

Office of Production Management,
569

Ohio,
224
,
230
,
231
,
240
,
275
,
276
,
277
,
293
,
294
,
302
,
303
,
313
,
342
,
355n
,
431
,
489

Ohio river,
93
,
223
,
224
,
238
,
300

Forks of,
108
,
221

valley of,
120
,
121
,
187
,
192
,
226
,
233

Oil Creek, Pennsylvania,
385

Oil industry,
385
,
390
,
494
,
513
,
558
,
616
,
618
,
638
,
670
,
673
,
682
,
687

Okinawa,
574

Oklahoma,
67
,
241n
,
421
,
538

Old order,
75–86
,
121
,
168
,
214

Olive Branch Petition,
172

Oliver, Andrew,
129
,
130

Olympic Games (Moscow, 1980),
681

Omaha, Nebraska,
240
,
426
,
639

Omaha platform,
427–8
,
431
,
458

quoted
,
427

O’Neill, Speaker,
673

O’Neill, Speaker Tip,
673n

Opechancanough,
24

Open Door Policy,
437
,
438
,
468
,
496
,
597

Open Housing Act,
640
,
644

Orders in Council, British,
187
,
253

Oregon,
40
,
219
,
238
,
239
,
242
,
297n
,
298
,
301
,
307
,
421

Oregon Trail,
236n
,
240
,
379
,
401

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC),
666
,
670
,
687

O’Sullivan, John L.,
297n

Oswald, Lee,
634

Otis, James,
129
,
137
,
139
,
141n
,
147

and writs of assistance,
123

Overseers,
283

Owen, Robert,
235

Pacific North-West,
297

Pacific Ocean,
219
,
220
,
237
,
241
,
246
,
438
,
440

‘South Sea’,
23
,
108n

Pahlavi, Muhammad Reza Shah,
682

Paine, Thomas,
173
,
174

Common Sense, quoted
,
173

Pakenham, Gen. Sir Edward,
228
,
266

Pakistan,
648

Palatines
see
German-Americans

Palmer, A. Mitchell,
488

Palmerston, Henry John, Viscount,
325

Palmyra, NY,
232

Panama,
7
,
674

Panama Canal,
442
,
451
,
553
,
674

Panay
, USS,
563

Panmunjon peace talks,
607

Paper money
see
Currency

‘Paper ships’,
396

Paris,
194
,
257
,
291
,
334
,
335
,
378
,
490
,
497
,
502
,
607
,
611
,
612

first treaty of (1763),
86
,
108
,
111
,
187

second treaty of (1783),
185
,
186–7
,
189
,
191
,
219

third treaty of (1898),
441
,
442

Parker, Admiral Sir Peter,
168n

Parks, Rosa,
628

Parliament,
45
,
49
,
76
,
77
,
78
,
81
,
83
,
86
,
87
,
140
,
144
,
151

S. Adams on,
148

J. Dickinson on,
147–8

J. Otis on,
137–8

and A. Revolution,
157
,
160
,
162
,
163
,
166
,
175
,
185

and Stamp Act,
115–16
,
117
,
132–3

supremacy of P.,
123
,
133
,
136
,
209

Parson’s case,
123–4

Party political system, American,
260
,
261
,
266–79
passim

Party politics,
140
,
234
,
249
,
260
,
263
,
269

Patriots (
see also
Sons of Liberty
),
131
,
139
,
146
,
159
,
165
,
183

Patronage,
105
,
264–5
,
268
,
300
,
370
,
399
,
428
,
451

in British Empire,
78–80
,
144

Patton, Gen. George,
quoted
,
622

Pawtucket, Mass.,
230

‘Paxton Boys’,
108

Pearl Harbor,
438
,
562

attack on,
564–6
,
568
,
569
,
571
,
574
,
658
,
670

Pearson, Drew,
607

Peasantry, European,
6
,
394–5

Pecora Committee,
524–5

Pecos river,
56n

Pelham, Henry,
76

Peltries trade,
53

Pendleton Act,
408

Penn, Admiral Sir William,
93n

Penn, William,
52
,
61
,
93–5
,
95n
,
99

Penn family,
99
,
145

Pennsylvania

colony
,
52
,
63
,
64
,
84
,
89
,
92
,
93–5
,
96
,
101
,
103
,
106
,
221
; judicial tenure in,
118
; politics of,
145
; in A. Revolution,
131n
,
132
,
150
,
159
,
163
,
179

state
,
188
,
189
,
195
,
199
,
201
,
207
,
231
,
250
,
274
,
281
,
287
,
305
,
321
,
327
; and anti-slavery,
179
; in Civil War,
321
,
335–6
,
341

Pennsylvania Dutch
see
German-Americans

Pennsylvania Railroad,
410

Pennsylvania, University of,
98

Penobscot Bay, Maine,
34

Pentagon building,
553

Pentagon Papers
,
665

Peonage,
366
,
368

Perkins, Frances,
464
,
527

Perkins, George,
458

Perry, Commodore Matthew Galbraith,
438
,
564

Pershing, Gen. John J.,
468
,
477
,
479
,
483

Persian Gulf,
682

Personal Liberty laws,
304

Peru,
5
,
8
,
63

Petersburg, Virginia,
341
,
343

Philadelphia Gas Trust,
412

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
87
,
89
,
91
,
93–100
,
108
,
171
,
194
,
197
,
198n
,
207
,
226
,
232
,
303
,
401
,
528
,
558

in A. Revolution,
121
,
143–4
,
147
,
149
,
153
,
157
,
159
,
160
,
163
,
168
,
174
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
183n
,
185

Philip III, King of Spain,
22n

Philippine Islands,
441
,
495
,
562
,
565n
,
571
,
573
,
574
,
648
,
651
,
652

Phillips, Wendell,
293
,
304
,
309
,
323
,
328
,
412

Pierce, Franklin (Pres. 1853–7),
301
,
302
,
304
,
305
,
316
,
693

Pilgrims, the,
18
,
34–40
,
43
,
44
,
94

Pinchot, Gifford,
456

Pinckney, Charles,
196

Pinkerton’s Detective Agency,
417
,
420
,
427

Pinkham, Lydia,
454

Pins and Needles
,
535n

Pioneers,
120
,
248
,
252–3
,
301
,
361
,
384
,
421
,
423
,
538

Piracy,
7
,
11
,
12