Authors: Elizabeth Bishop
Marcel Pretre had some difficult moments with himself. But at least he kept busy taking notes. Those who didn't take notes had to manage as best they could.
“Well,” suddenly declared one old lady, folding up the newspaper decisively, “well, as I always say: God knows what He's doing.”
She was a Sunday hen. She was still alive only because it was not yet 9.00 o'clock.
She seemed calm. Since Saturday she had cowered in a corner of the kitchen. She didn't look at anyone, no one looked at her. Even when they had selected her, fingering her intimately and indifferently, they couldn't have said whether she was fat or thin. No one would ever have guessed that she had a desire.
So it was a surprise when she opened her little wings, puffed out her breast, and, after two or three tries, reached the wall of the terrace. For an instant she vacillatedâlong enough for the cook to screamâand then she was on the neighbor's terrace, and from there, by means of another awkward flight, she reached a tile roof. There she remained like a misplaced weather vane, hesitating, first on one foot, then the other. The family was urgently called and, in consternation, saw their lunch standing beside a chimney. The father of the family, reminding himself of the double obligation of eating and of occasionally taking exercise, happily got into his bathing trunks and resolved to follow the itinerary of the hen. By cautious jumps he reached the roof, and the hen, trembling and hesitating, quickly picked another direction. The pursuit became more intense. From roof to roof, more than a block of the street was traversed. Unprepared for a more savage struggle for life, the hen had to decide for herself which routes to take, without any help from her race. In the young man, however, the sleeping hunter woke up. Lowly as was the prey, he gave a hunting cry.
Alone in the world, without father or mother, she ran, out of breath, concentrated, mute. Sometimes in her flight she would stand at bay on the edge of a roof, gasping; while the young man leaped over others with difficulty, she had a moment in which to collect herself. Then she looked so free.
Stupid, timid, and free. Not victorious, the way a rooster in flight would have looked. What was there in her entrails that made a being of her? The hen is a being. It's true, she couldn't be counted on for anything. She herself couldn't count on herselfâthe way a rooster believes in his comb. Her only advantage was that there are so many hens that if one died another would appear at the same moment, exactly like her, as if it were the same hen.
Finally, at one of the moments when she stopped to enjoy her escape, the young man caught her. Amid feathers and cries, she was taken prisoner. Then she was carried in triumph, by one wing, across the roofs and deposited on the kitchen floor with a certain violence. Still dazed, she shook herself a little, cackling hoarsely and uncertainly.
It was then that it happened. Completely overwhelmed, the hen laid an egg. Surprised, exhausted. Perhaps it was premature. But immediately afterward, as if she had been born for maternity, she looked like an old, habitual mother. She sat down on the egg and remained that way, breathing, buttoning and unbuttoning her eyes. Her heart, so small on a plate, made the feathers rise and fall, and filled that which would never be more than an egg with warmth. Only the little girl was near-by and witnessed everything, terrified. As soon as she could tear herself away, she got up off the floor and shrieked: “Mama! Mama! Don't kill the hen any more! She laid an egg! She likes us!”
Everyone ran to the kitchen again and, silent, stood in a circle around the new mother. Warming her child, she was neither gentle nor harsh, neither happy nor sad; she was nothing; she was a hen. Which suggests no special sentiment. The father, the mother, and the daughter looked at her for some time, without any thought whatever to speak of. No one had ever patted the head of a hen. Finally, with a certain brusqueness, the father decided: “If you have this hen killed, I'll never eat chicken again in my life!”
“Me too!” the little girl vowed ardently.
The mother shrugged, tired.
Unconscious of the life that had been granted her, the hen began to live with the family. The little girl, coming home from school, threw down her school-bag and ran to the kitchen without stopping. Once in a while the father would still remember: “And to think I made her run in that state!” The hen became the queen of the house. Everyone knew it except the hen. She lived between the kitchen and the kitchen terrace, making use of her two capacities: apathy and fear.
But when everyone in the house was quiet and seemed to have forgotten her, she plucked up a little of the courage left over from her great escape and perambulated the tile floor, her body moving behind her head, deliberate as in a field, while the little head betrayed her: moving, rapid and vibrant, with the ancient and by now mechanical terror of her species.
Occasionally, and always more rarely, the hen resembled the one that had once stood plain against the air on the edge of the roof, ready to make an announcement. At such moments she filled her lungs with the impure air of the kitchen and, if females had been able to sing, she would not have sung, but she would have been much more contented. Though not even at these moments did the expression of her empty head change. In flight, at rest, giving birth, or pecking cornâit was the head of a hen, the same that was designed at the beginning of the centuries.
Until one day they killed her and ate her and the years went by.
The first time we had a marmoset was just before New Year's. We were without water and without a maid, people were lining up to buy meat, the hot weather had suddenly begunâwhen, dumfounded, I saw the present enter the house, already eating a banana, examining everything with great rapidity, and with a long tail. It looked like a monkey not yet grown; its potentialities were tremendous. It climbed up the drying clothes to the clothesline, where it swore like a sailor, and the banana-peelings fell where they would. I was exhausted already. Every time I forgot and absentmindedly went out on the back terrace, I gave a start: there was that happy man. My younger son knew, before I did, that I would get rid of this gorilla: “If I promise that sometime the monkey will get sick and die, will you let him stay? Or if you knew that sometime he'd fall out the window, somehow, and die down there?” My feelings would glance aside. The filthiness and blithe unconsciousness of the little monkey made me responsible for his fate, since he himself would not take any blame. A friend understood how bitterly I had resigned myself, what dark deeds were being nourished beneath my dreaminess, and rudely saved me: a delighted gang of little boys appeared from the hill and carried off the laughing man. The new year was devitalized but at least monkey-less.
A year later, at a time of happiness, suddenly there in Copacabana I saw the small crowd. I thought of my children, the joys they gave me, free, unconnected with the worries they also gave me, free, and I thought of a chain of joy: “Will the person receiving this pass it along to someone else,” one to another, like a spark along a train of powder. Then and there I bought the one who would be called Lisette.
She could almost fit in one hand. She was wearing a skirt, and earrings, necklace, and bracelet of glass beads. The air of an immigrant just disembarking in her native costume. Like an immigrant's, too, her round eyes.
This one was a woman in miniature. She lived with us three days. She had such delicate bones. She was of such a sweetness. More than her eyes, her look was rounded. With every movement, the earrings shook; the skirt was always neat, the red necklace glinted. She slept a lot, but, as to eating, she was discreet and languid. Her rare caress was only a light bite that left no mark.
On the third day we were out on the back terrace admiring Lisette and the way she was ours. “A little too gentle,” I thought, missing the gorilla. And suddenly my heart said harshly: “But this isn't sweetness. This is death.” The dryness of the message left me calm. I said to the children: “Lisette is dying.” Looking at her, I realized the stage of love we had already reached. I rolled her up in a napkin and went with the children to the nearest first-aid station, where the doctor couldn't attend to her because he was performing an emergency operation on a dog. Another taxiâ“Lisette thinks she's out for a drive, mama”âanother hospital. There they gave her oxygen.
And with the breath of life, a Lisette we hadn't known was revealed. The eyes less round, more secretive, more laughing, and in the prognathous and ordinary face a certain ironic haughtiness. A little more oxygen and she wanted to speak so badly she couldn't bear being a monkey; she was, and she would have had much to tell. More oxygen, and then an injection of salt solution; she reacted to the prick with an angry slap, her bracelet glittering. The male nurse smiled: “Lisette! Gently, my dear!”
The diagnosis: she wouldn't live unless there was oxygen at hand, and even then it was unlikely. “Don't buy monkeys in the street,” he scolded me; “sometimes they're already sick.” No, one must buy dependable monkeys, and know where they came from, to ensure at least five years of love, and know what they had or hadn't done, like getting married. I discussed it with the children a minute. Then I said to the nurse: “You seem to like Lisette very much. So if you let her stay a few days, near the oxygen, you can have her.” He was thinking. “Lisette is pretty!” I implored.
“She's beautiful!” he agreed, thoughtfully. Then he sighed and said, “If I cure Lisette, she's yours.” We went away with our empty napkin.
The next day they telephoned, and I informed the children that Lisette had died. The younger one asked me, “Do you think she died wearing her earrings?” I said yes. A week later the older one told me, “You look so much like Lisette!”
I replied, “I like you, too.”
CORRESPONDENCE WITH ANNE STEVENSON, 1963â1965
Â
Caixa Postal 279, Petrópolis
Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
January 22nd, 1963
Dear Mrs. Stevenson:
I have just received a letter from Marianne Moore in which she says that you would like some information about me for the “Twayne Publishers Author Series⦔ I can't seem to remember what this is, although I probably should knowâwill you tell me something about it? She quotes you to the effect that I “despise professionalized criticism”. But I don't think I do, and I wonder where that idea came from? (Unless “professionalized” means something very bad!) Anywayâif I can be of any help, I'll be glad to. Sometimes letters take a long time; sometimes only four or five daysâ
Sincerely yours,
       Â
Elizabeth Bishop
Â
Caixa Postal 279, Petrópolis
Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
March 18th, 1963
Dear Mrs. Elvin:
After reassuring you about the comparative speed of the mails here, of course I happenned to be away “in the interior” as they sayâon the coast, actuallyâfor a long stay over Carnival, where I can get no mail. I shall get off just a note to you today to tell you I did get your letter, and a second installment will be along this week.
Thank you for sending me the Twayne's U S Author Series rules & regulations. I am enlightened, but not very much! I wonder who is the editor of the contemporary poets, what other poets are being written, up, etc? Do you think that Mrs. Bowman would be good enough to send me one or two of the books already published? Please don't think I am interfering or am going to be difficultâbut I am naturally curious.
I'd like to read your analyses of my poems very much. Are you intending to publish something in a magazine, perhaps, before the book appears?
In any caseâI have another book readyâ20â25 poems, some of which you may have seen in magazinesâand I think you should have a copy of this as soon as possible. The title is QUESTIONS OF TRAVEL, from one of the poems, and if all goes well Farrar, Straus & Cudahy shd. be publishing it this year. I'll write and have them send you a copyâunless I can find a complete MMS here this week. I think if you write to Farrar, Straus, & Cudahy they will surely send you a free copy of THE DIARY OF HELENA MORLEY (
Minha Vida de Menina
), the Brazilian book I translated a few years ago. (I'll write my agent
*
about the poems and mention this, too) The English title was against my wishesâvery poor, I think; the best review I saw was Pritchett's in The New Statesman & Nation. My introduction might be of some interest to you, as a criticâthe diary perhaps only as the mother of a daughter!
The biographical note in Who's Who is correctâor was, the last time I saw it. I never lived in Worcester, howeverâI left before I was a year old and spent only a few months there when I was 6â7, with my father's parents. The rest of my childhood I spent with my mother's parents in Nova Scotiaâmostly long summers, although I started school thereâand with a devoted aunt, in or near Boston, until I went away to school at 16. I also went to summer camp on Cape Cod for 6 summers. I've never lived in NewfoundlandâI took a walking trip there one summer when I was at Vassar. Since Vassar I've lived in New York, Paris, Key West, Mexico, etc.âmostly New York, and Key West until about 1948.âThen since late 1951 Brazilâwith several trips back, of course, one of 8 months or so. I was very much amused by the clipping from the Worcester paper ⦠(I've also read 2 or 3 times that I was born in Maine, or lived thereâI can't imagine where that came from. I've stayed various times on Deer Isle (or is it Island?) visited Robert Lowell in Castine, etc.âthat's all.) I have two published autobiographical stories, GWENDOLYN, & IN THE VILLAGE. This last is in the recent New Yorker anthologyâand sticks to the factsâcompresses the time a bit. Robert Lowell compressed it even more, recently, into a very short poem that was in Kenyon Review, called “The Scream”. I could give you a great deal more information if you want it!âHowever, for your purposes it may not be necessary. I am 3/4ths Canadian, and one 4th New EnglanderâI had ancestors on both sides in the Revolutionary war. My maternal grandparents were, some of them, Tories, who left upper N. Y. State and were given land grants in Nova Scotia by George III. One of my great grandfathers was an owner-captain of a shipâbark, I thinkâand was lost at sea off Sable Island in a famous storm when 40 or so ships went down. (I have also been to Sable Island, via the Canadian Lighthouse Service) That line of my family seems to have been fond of wandering like myselfâtwo, perhaps three, of the sea-captain's sons, my great uncles, were Baptist missionaries in India.