Roosevelt (129 page)
Authors: James MacGregor Burns
China-U.S. Joint Council,
404
Chindits,
541
Chinese-Eastern Railway,
574
Chinese exclusion laws,
375
Chou En-lai,
589
Christian Mobilizers,
453
Christmas Carol
(Dickens),
417
,
554
Chrysler Tank Arsenal, Detroit,
268
Chungking government.
See
Chiang Kai-shek
Churchill, Mary,
392
Churchill, Randolph,
579
Churchill, Winston S.: addresses Congress,
416
; in Algiers,
371
,
389
; anguish at loss of battleships,
175-176
; and
ANVIL,
478
,
479
,
480
; appeals to F.D.R. in 1944 for ships,
549
; at
ARCADIA
Conference,
176
,
178-191
,
229
,
247
; at Argentia,
125-131
; asks Stalin for winter offensive,
557-558
; and the atomic bomb,
456
,
457
,
458
,
550
; attacked by Hitler in speech, December 1940,
18
; and the Balkans,
479
,
545
; and the British Empire,
379
,
573
,
592
; at the Cairo conferences,
389
,
402
,
403-405
; at Casablanca,
314-324
,
389
; cardinal policy of keeping F.D.R. informed and sympathetic,
73
; celebrates his 69th birthday,
411
; character of,
10
,
75
,
131
; and China,
156
,
204-205
,
416
,
541
,
543
,
590
; and colonialism,
322
,
379
,
388
,
573
,
592
,
593
; as commander in chief,
495-496
; concern about postwar problems,
364-365
,
366
,
479
,
596
; confidence in F.D.R.,
183
; congratulated by Stalin on British success in Libya,
311
; congratulates Eisenhower on Italian victory,
394
; congratulates F.D.R. on his fourth election,
533
; contemplates opportunities in 1942,
311
; correspondence with F.D.R.,
73
; congratulated by F.D.R. on Burma victory,
541
; and D day,
477
; and Darlan,
291
,
295
; decision for
TORCH,
287
; and Declaration of Allied Unity,
184
,
185
; dedication to beating Germany,
106
; defends his war policy in the House of Commons,
76-77
; and de Gaulle,
295-296
,
320-323
,
389
,
481-482
; demands foreign aid,
25
,
62
,
89
,
103
; differences with F.D.R.,
65
,
537-538
,
585
; and Dill,
189
; disagreement with F.D.R. on strategy and operation
ANVIL,
478-480
; discusses British politics with Stalin,
577
; dislike of Sforza,
538
; dispute with F.D.R. over Italy,
537-538
; drives with F.D.R. to Marrakesh,
324
; doubts about Maisky,
102
; expects Nazi invasion of Britain,
73
,
153
; faces strategic bankruptcy,
77-78
; fulfills promise to declare war on Japan,
171-172
; and Germany,
520
; on the gift of destroyers from the U.S.,
11-12
; gives enthralling appreciation of the military situation,
126
; as a grand strategist,
551-552
; and Greece,
74
,
75-76
,
77
,
484
,
537
,
538-539
,
579
,
583
; had not yet met Chiang Kai-shek,
399
; and Hong Kong,
575
; hopes for full American involvement,
16
,
129
,
151
,
153
; on importance of Mediterranean as against second front,
311-319
,
369-370
,
376
,
404
,
408
,
410-411
,
414
,
439
,
518
; and India,
219-220
,
221
,
231
,
240
,
241
,
381
; and the Italian campaign,
438-440
; joy at U.S. entry into war,
163
; learns of F.D.R.’s death,
601
; letter to F.D.R., December 8, 1940, asking for protection in Atlantic and aid,
25
,
33
; letter to F.D.R. on his re-election,
9-10
; letter to F.D.R. on war prospects for 1941,
12-13
,
25
; letters from F.D.R. to,
43
,
223
,
230
,
232
,
289-290
,
314
,
445
,
478-479
; limited powers under British constitution,
75
; meeting with Bohr,
458
; meetings with F.D.R. in the U.S.,
176
,
178-190
,
229
,
247
,
251
,
367
,
368-371
,
389
,
394
,
416
,
458
,
521
; meeting with F.D.R. during World War I,
11
; meeting with Stalin at Moscow, October 1944,
537
,
539
; meeting with Stalin to tell of cancellation of Second Front,
236-238
; and military strategy,
179-180
,
312-313
,
554
; as Minister of Defence,
11
,
75
,
495
; and North Africa,
288-290
,
327
; opinion of Hitler,
66-67
; plays
Realpolitik
with Stalin,
537
; plea of, for destroyers, refused,
11
; and Poland,
534-535
,
536
,
537
,
558
,
569
,
570-572
,
583-584
; and Portugal,
65
; and postwar economic policies,
129
; on postwar Europe,
312
; presents Stalin with Sword of Stalingrad,
410
; presses for bolder policy in Asia,
127
,
143
,
150
; proposes that American forces invade Northwest Africa
(GYMNAST),
179-180
; puts pressure on Franco to resist Hitler,
14
; as a puzzle to F.D.R.,
312
; at Quebec Conference,
389
,
391
,
458
,
518-521
; quotes “But westward, look, the land is bright” in radio broadcast,
78
; regards America as his only hope,
78
; relations with his Cabinet,
11
; relations with F.D.R„
11
,
39-40
,
65
,
73
,
77
,
89
,
219
,
221
,
288-290
,
369
,
403
,
405
,
415-416
,
478-480
,
518
,
521
,
537-538
,
585
,
596
; relations with Stalin,
310
,
311
,
412
,
537
,
567
; realizes Kremlin might be suspicious of separate military surrender in Italy,
585
; requests aid for H.M.S.
Malaya
,
64
; resists commitment to Chiang for amphibious attack on Bay of Bengal,
404
; F.D.R. cables condolences on Greece to,
77
,
89
; F.D.R. cables essence of American proposals to Japan to,
156
; F.D.R. clarifies to, his position on Pacific war,
445
; F.D.R.’s proposals to, on India,
219-221
; F.D.R. sends confidential cable from Chiang Kai-shek to,
241
; and Russia,
101
,
111
,
126
,
153
,
186-187
,
312
,
416
,
515
,
585
; on Russia in Europe,
312
; and the second front,
230-231
,
234
,
235-236
,
238
,
285-286
,
325
,
367
,
369
,
392
,
408
,
438
; as seen by Hitler,
309
; as seen by Stalin,
484
,
587
; and the “soft underbelly” of the Axis,
305
,
309
; and Soviet quest for atomic information,
457
,
550
; speech to American people, Christmas Day, 1941,
178-179
; speech to British people on the German invasion of Russia,
96
; speeches,
385
; strategy conferences (1943),
389
; stricken with pneumonia,
326
,
438
; suffers from too much personal leadership,
213
; and Churchill, Winston S. surrender of Tobruk,
235
; on the survival of Britain in 1941,
72
; suspends convoys to Russia,
237
,
310
,
327-328
; at Teheran Conference,
389
,
407-414
; telephones F.D.R. about Pearl Harbor attack,
163
; telephones Willkie during his stay in Palm Beach,
274
; tribute to F.D.R. in Parliament,
611
; and Turkey,
309
; and unconditional surrender,
391
,
546
; and the U.N.,
567
; upset by cable from F.D.R.,
89
; urged by F.D.R. to minimize Soviet problem,
596
; and V sign,
606
; visited by Eleanor Roosevelt,
300
; visit to Marrakesh,
324
; visit to Normandy,
478
,
488
; visit to the Sphinx,
415
; visits Athens,
558
,
579
; wants a hard line on Japan,
127
,
150
; wants Royal Navy units to help out in the Pacific war,
444
,
519
; wants an “underbelly strategy” in Asia,
444
; warns Stalin of impending Nazi attack,
94
; and Willkie,
43
,
274
,
573
; wire to F.D.R. on the
Greer
incident speech,
139
; wish to dramatize Anglo-American unity,
126
; working habits.
10
; working partnership with F.D.R.,
11
; and the Yalta Conference,
558
,
564
,
565-580
Churchill, Mrs. Winston S.,
190
,
392
CIO,
56
,
57
,
177
,
193
,
195
,
263
,
341
,
454
,
503
; Political Action
Committee,
525
.
See also
AFL-CIO
Civil aviation, international,
514
Civil Service, expansion of,
122
Civilian Conservation Corps,
35
Clark, Grenville,
62
Clark, Mark,
294
,
295
,
321
,
394
,
438
Clark Field, Philippines,
173
,
175
,
202
Clemenceau, Georges,
428
,
566
,
571
Coalition government,
7
,
36-43
,
274
,
279
,
524
Coeur d’Alene,
269
Cohen, Benjamin,
340
,
350
,
451
,
561
Cold War, origins of, vii,
373-374
,
609
Colleges,
464
Cologne,
582
Colombo, Ceylon,
222
Colonialism: Churchill and,
322
,
379
,
388
,
573
,
592
,
593
; F.D.R. and,
218
,
322
,
378
,
381
,
388
,
404
,
549
,
591-593
,
608-609
Columbia Valley Authority,
432
Combined Chiefs of Staff (Allied),
183
,
186
,
189
,
247
,
316
,
317
,
318-319
,
369
,
389
,
393
,
404
,
410
,
411
,
414
,
429
,
518
,
519
,
565
,
585
; formation of,
183
.
See also
Joint Chiefs of Staff, American; Joint Chiefs of Staff, British
Combined Munitions Assignments Board (MAB),
247
Comintern, dissolved by Stalin,
367
,
373
Command structures, allied, establishment of,
183
Commerce, Department of,
177
,
593-594
; Secretary of,
39
,
561
,
593
Committee of National Liberation, French,
480
,
481
,
482
Committee of National Liberation, Polish
See
Polish Committee of National Liberation
