Read Straight on Till Morning Online
Authors: Mary S. Lovell
Brooks replied that THIS TOO IS AFRICA was the best so far, but that she should come up with more ideas if she could. He was worried about getting the complete manuscript and asked her to cable him collect with a definite date.
COLLECT OVERNIGHT TELEGRAM NOV
29
TH NORTH HOLLYWOOD
PAUL BROOKS
.
MAILING ADDITIONAL
15000
WORDS TOMORROW STOP EXPECT FINISH BOOK DECEMBER
15
BUT MAKING EVERY EFFORT TO FINISH EARLIER STOP STILL THINKING ABOUT TITLE MEANWHILE FOLLOWING MIGHT BE CONSIDERED STOP NO OTHER AFRICA
=
BERYL MARKHAM
22
PAID TELEGRAM DECEMBER
5 1941
BOSTON BERYL MARKHAM
.
FEEL CERTAIN WE HAVE FINALLY DISCOVERED PERFECT TITLE QUOTE I SPEAK OF AFRICA UNQUOTE USING TITLE PAGE LINE FROM SHAKESPEARES HENRY FOUR QUOTE I SPEAK OF AFRICA AND GOLDEN JOYS UNQUOTE PLEASE WIRE COLLECT YOUR OKAY SELLING SAMPLES UNDER WAY REGARDS
.
PAUL BROOKS
23
COLLECT NIGHT TELEGRAM DEC
5
TH
.
NORTH HOLLYWOOD
PAUL BROOKS
.
DELIGHTED WITH YOUR TITLE AND LINE FOR TITLE PAGE FULL MARKS TO YOU AND WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE REGARDS BERYL MARKHAM
.
24
PAID TELEGRAM DEC
22 1941
BERYL MARKHAM
.
GLAD TO HAVE FOUR MORE CHAPTERS AND EAGER FOR BALANCE WHEN MAY WE EXPECT TOTAL
.
PAUL BROOKS
25
COLLECT NIGHT TELEGRAM DEC
23 1941
NORTH HOLLYWOOD
PAUL BROOKS
.
HAVE HAD BAD ATTACK OF FLU HOWEVER MORE MATERIAL IN MAIL AND LAST TWO CHAPTERS UNDER WAY XMAS WISHES
.
BERYL MARKHAM
26
The final work was delivered before the end of January and the book was produced for a June 1942 release. In the event, the title became
West with the Night
. It is not known who was responsible for this title; no correspondence exists and Beryl could not remember, but she did recall that she had suggested the title
Straight on Till Morning
, from which the eventual title evolved. The line: âI speak of Africa and golden joys. Henry IV, Act V sc. 3' appeared on the title page and the book was dedicated to âMy Father'.
In addition there was an acknowledgement: âI wish to express my gratitude to Raoul Schumacher for his constant encouragement and his assistance in the preparations for this book.' Beryl could never have imagined how controversial this short dedication was to become some forty years on.
While she waited for her book to be released, Beryl surprisingly decided to throw in her lot with the war effort, which, after Pearl Harbor, had escalated dramatically. In 1986 she told me that Raoul was overseas with the US Navy at the time and she was lonely, so she wrote to the California wing of the Civil Air Patrol, enclosing a résumé of her flying experience and asking if she could be of any help.
3 March 1942
Dear Mrs Markham
Your kind letter of February 27th is at hand and we were indeed very glad to hear from you and your offer of assistance in the Civil Air Patrol is greatly appreciated. You may rest assured that we will be very happy to see you and may I suggest you call my secretaryâ¦for an appointment at such time as may be convenient to you.
Yours very truly
Bertrand Rhine
Wing Commander for California
Civil Air Patrol
27
Until that time women had not played any sort of flying role in the CAP and though Beryl had a meeting with Wing Commander Rhine to discuss the matter, nothing ever came of it.
28
Years later she told friends that she spent some time during the war training pilots, but that she hadn't enjoyed it.
29
There is also a story, widely believed, that she flew look-out patrols along the Pacific coastline, but neither of these stories can be verified by official service records, and such service, if any, must have been very short, for from early June she was fully occupied with other interests.
When
West with the Night
was released at the end of May 1942 it was acclaimed by the critics. Not renowned for generosity, they were almost effusive in their praise, and in literary circles at least Beryl was lionized for a time. A selection of reviews is printed below:
When a book like Beryl Markham's
West with the Night
comes along it leaves a reviewer very humble. Words of praise used for other works seem trite and thin. For
West with the Night
is more than an autobiography; it is a poet's feeling for her land; an adventurer's response to life; a philosopher's evaluation of human beings and human destinies. To say that Beryl Markham captures the spirit of Africa would be presumptuous and ridiculous; Africa has captured hers, and she speaks with eloquence close to enchantment of the things it has meant to her.
Rose Field,
Books
, 5 July 1942
[Miss] Markham has made a real contribution to the literature of flight. Her background is more romantic than Ann Lindbergh's, her perception as delicate. Here are the jungles and excitements of Osa Johnsonâ¦At a moment when our constant thought is of danger and destruction in the heavens it is good to read some of the poetry of flight, to experience secondhand the wide solitude of the sky.
E. M.,
Boston Globe
, 17 June 1942
Here is more than a mere autobiographical work. Here is an interpretation of Africa â A scrutiny into its age-old secrets and a glance into its future. As for the stylist, he will find Miss Markham's writing distinguished. It has strength, it has the precious quality of unexpectedness; it is unfailingly intelligent, like the mind of the woman who shaped it. For her thinking is bold, original and challenging as her life has been.
M.W.,
Christian Science Monitor
, 8 August 1942
A book quite unlike anything that has been written by any other woman or about Africa, its natives, its hunting and its future by anybody. It is written as a book on such a subject should be, straight out of experienced knowledge. Its thought was born in the long, wide-spaced African silences. Its opinions are those of a woman who has always from childhood been very much a person in her own right, and by reason of a country where cut-to-pattern people do not belong. And it is written with exceptional simple beauty in a style that, without aiming at distinction achieves it unquestionably.
J.S. Southron,
New York Times
, 21 June 1942
The Chapters on flying over Africa are unusually thrillingâ¦Her descriptions of the strange country over which she travelled are sensitiveâ¦and a little rapturous about the âfeel' of Africa.
Clifton Fadiman,
New Yorker
, 20 June 1942
Beryl Markham does more than tell of Africa. With admirable modesty, she offers us a thrilling as well as appealing saga of a very valiant and very human woman, philosophically pitting her skill, bolstered by limitless faith in herself, against relentless Nature in all her multifarious disguises, in the dank jungles, the desert wastes, and the boundless skies.
Linton Wells,
Saturday Review of Literature
, 27 June 1942
One of Houghton Mifflin's most popular and productive authors of the period was Stuart Cloete, a South African who from time to time reviewed the work of other authors. He and his writer/illustrator wife Tiny were to become friends of Beryl and Raoul, who moved in the same literary circles in New York. At the time Beryl's book was published Cloete had not met her, but he was sent the book to review by Dale Warren â Houghton Mifflin's publicity agent.
30
Cloete liked it very much and Houghton Mifflin used his neatly written praise in their own publicity releases.
31
The book should have been a great success. It was not. Timing is everything in publishing. With the United States firmly committed to the war effort the public taste for works of a poetic nature seems to have waned. The royalties provided Beryl with a modest income for a year or so and then the book vanished.
32
No reprints were ordered. An edition was published in England by Harrap & Company, on the very poor quality paper allowed to publishers at the time, but sales were limited and before long that version too, faded from sight.
However, encouraged by the book's initial success Beryl had moved to New York. Later Raoul joined her. By now their relationship had deepened and they decided to marry. Beryl contacted Mansfield, at last agreeing to the divorce which he had sought for the past decade. It is difficult to understand her previous reluctance to formalize her separation from Mansfield. Perhaps it was pique at his refusal to support her, or perhaps she felt a measure of security in technically remaining a member of the aristocratic Markham family. In August she moved to Wyoming where she rented a house in order to establish a ten-week residency, which would enable her to obtain a fast severance of her existing matrimonial ties.
33
On 5 October she filed her plaint, charging that Mansfield had subjected her to âintolerable indignities'. Her case was accepted and the divorce was granted on 14 October. Raoul and Beryl were married in Laramie on the following Saturday and left Wyoming immediately for a month's honeymoon in Virginia at the home of friends.
In a letter to Dale Warren in November, shortly after the couple's return to New York, Stuart Cloete reveals, âI saw Beryl and Raoul yesterday. Funny they should [have been] staying with a cousin of mine in Virginia â the grand-daughter of Lady Northey who was Evangeline Cloete and one of the most beautiful women I ever sawâ¦'
34
Beryl had previously written to say she had âmore or less been brought up by [Cloete's] cousin Lady Northey in Kenya when Major General Sir Edward Northey was Governor there'.
35
This is an obvious overstatement of the facts. Beryl did know Lady Northey well at a social level, but she was already married to Jock during the Northeys' years in Kenya (1919â22). If Lady Northey helped the young bride on matters of social etiquette this was probably the sum total of her influence.
Back in London, Mansfield was experiencing difficulties with the validity of Beryl's divorce papers. He eventually had to go through the English courts since they would not accept the American judgement. It took him a year to obtain a Decree Absolute which was granted only after he was able to produce âproof of adultery' which consisted of a letter from Raoul admitting that he regularly slept with his own wife.
36
Mansfield was at last free to remarry and his second wife Mary took over as stepmother to Gervase who was then at Eton.
Through the winter of 1942â43 Beryl lived alone in New York and the Cloetes âsaw a lot of her'.
37
âWhat happened to the cowboy she married?' Cloete scribbled at the foot of a letter to Dale Warren. Raoul returned in January 1943 and shortly afterwards the couple departed for a small ranch in New Mexico.
38
It was no more than a piece of arid land with a small wooden shack, but they made it their base for about six months. Beryl hated the cold and bleakness of winter in New York and had gone with alacrity towards the sun. Her friend Stuart Cloete wrote sadly to Dale Warren at Houghton Mifflin:
Dear Dale,
â¦I have no favourite blond now that Beryl has gone with the wind and the shoemaker West into the snowy nightâ¦about the silliest thing I ever heard of as there is no food, no servants and damn few houses from what I hearâ¦
Yours Stuart
(Cloete)
39
Despite Cloete's condemnation the move was not merely whimsical. The Schumachers were already experiencing the first of their persistent financial problems and could no longer afford to live in New York in the style which Beryl had adopted on the expectations of her book's success. The royalties from rapidly diminishing sales of
West with the Night
and the rent she received from her Kenyan farm Melela would hardly have covered the couple's drinks bill. In addition there was her annuity from Prince Henry, but she continued to experience great difficulty in having this paid to her in the USA during the war years, due to sterling transfer restrictions. Raoul's contribution to the couple's budget is hazy but this does not necessarily mean that it was non-existent.
Melela had been leased since Beryl left in 1936 and she now wrote to her agents in Nairobi asking for advice about whether or not to sell the property. It seemed highly unlikely, then, that she would ever return to Kenya permanently and at the time she wrote it was far from clear who would win the war. The agents' advice was to sell while she could. Beryl took the advice and subsequently received the sum of £400. Ten years later when Beryl was in Kenya and virtually destitute, Melela was sold again for £40,000.
40
Beryl spent most of the summer of 1943 running the ranch and raising turkey poults. Her remarkable affinity with all animals enabled her to keep the chicks alive through a long spell of wet weather to which they are particularly susceptible.
41
When I interviewed her in 1986 she repeated claims previously made to others that Raoul was often absent and that she did a little writing, mainly to help overcome boredom and loneliness.
42
It is difficult to explain these regular absences of Raoul's. Despite almost a year's research with the assistance of the US Military Personnel Records Office I was unable to locate any record of service for him during this period, although he did serve with the US Coast Guards for while, later on. Scott O'Dell too was puzzled. âI never heard of Raoul serving in the Navy.'
43