Taliban (39 page)

2
     Professor Marc Herold, University of New Hampshire.

3
     Jonathan Steele, ‘Forgotten Victims’,
Guardian
, 20 May 2002.

4
     Quoted by Gretchen Peters,
Seeds of Terror
, p107.

5
     Human Rights Watch.

1
     James Dao,
New York Times
, 3 November 2002.

2
     Jane Perlez, ‘Rebuffing US, Pakistan Balks at Crackdown’,
New York Times
, 14 December 2009.

3
     
Asia Times
online, 5 May 2004.

4
     Bill Roggio, ‘Taliban Losses in Afghanistan, Gains in Pakistan’,
Long War Journal
, 25 June 2006.

5
     United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan.

6
     Soraya Sarhaddi Nelson, ‘Disabled Often Carry Out Afghan Suicide Missions’, National Public Radio, 15 October 2007.

7
     
The Times
, 1 March 2010.

8
     ISAF.

9
     US Government Accountability Office, May 2010.

10
   Richard Pohle,
The Times
online/Afghanistan, 17 May 2010.

11
   For a full account of this meeting, see
A Million Bullets
, Chapter 9.

12
   Bernd Debusman, Reuters, 14 May 2010.

13
   
Financial Times
interview, 25 January 2010.

1
     
thehill.com
, 26 December 2009.

2
     
USA Today
, 6 March 2010.

3
     UNAMA.

4
     Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, 30 October 2009.

5
     UN/Antonio Giustozzi.

6
     Gareth Porter, Inter Press Service, 29 November 2009.

7
     UNAMA.

8
     
The Times
, 15 April 2009.

9
     
The Times
, 15 April 2009.

10
   Michael Evans,
The Times
, 1 May 2010.

11
   William Polk, MEC Analytical Group, 5 April 2010.

12
   Ben Mcintyre,
The Times
, 30 March 2010.

1
     Craig Whitlock,
Washington Post
, 23 January 2010.

2
     US Government Accountability Office, May 2010.

3
     David Loyn,
Butcher and Bolt
, p236.

4
     
My Life with the Taliban
.

5
     
Dawn
, 7 October 2008.

6
     
guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2009/nov/19/afghanistancivilian-casualties-statistics

7
     Jerome Starkey,
The Times
, 25 February 2010.

8
     Jerome Starkey,
The Times
, 5 April 2010.

9
     Tim Reid and Michael Evans,
The Times
, 5 June 2010.

10
   Michael Evans,
The Times
, 2 April 2010.

11
   Jerome Starkey,
The Times
, 9 April 2010.

12
   ‘The Year of the Drone’, New America Foundation, February 2010.

13
   Ali Ezzatyar and Shahpur Kabraji,
Beirut Daily Star
, quoted by MEC Analytical Group, 12 April 2010.

14
   Jerome Starkey,
The Times
, 25 February 2010.

15
   Kathy Gannon, AP, 4 March 2010.

16
   Kathy Gannon, AP, 4 March 2010.

17
   Carlotta Gall,
New York Times
, 26 March 2009.

1
     
The Times
, 20 October 2009.

2
     Jeremy Page,
The Times
, 29 September 2009.

3
     Lyse Doucet, BBC, 3 April 2010.

4
     Jerome Starkey,
The Times
, 7 April 2010.

5
     PBS Profile, December 2001.

6
     Ann Marlowe,
Washington Post
, 11 February 2008.

7
     David Blair,
Daily Telegraph
, 12 April 2008.

8
     
Daily Mail
, 31 March 2009.

1
     Azadi Radio, 5 April 2006.

2
     Julian Borger and Ewen MacAskill,
Guardian
, 22 March 2009.

3
     Tom Coghlan,
The Times
, 21 April 2010.

4
     John Aston,
Scotsman
, 20 April 2010.

5
     Tom Coghlan,
The Times
, 21 April 2010.

6
     Dexter Filkins,
The Forever War
.

7
     Jon Boone,
Guardian
, 24 August 2009.

1
     Centre for Women and Democracy.

2
     Syed Saleem Shahzad,
Asia Times
, 3 June 2008.

3
     Giles Whittell,
The Times
, 30 March 2010.

4
     Ben Farmer and Rob Crilly,
Daily Telegraph
, 13 April 2010.

1
     Michael Semple,
Reconciliation in Afghanistan
.

2
     Michael Semple,
Reconciliation in Afghanistan
.

3
     Tim Weiner,
New York Times
, 24 July 1993.

1
     See
Kandahar Cockney, p285
.

2
     Doug Saunders,
Toronto Globe & Mail, 3
May 2008.

3
     Tom Coghlan,
The Times
, 15 May 2010.

1
     ICOS, 3 May 2010.

2
     Marie Colvin,
Sunday Times
, 9 May 2010.

3
     Stephen Grey,
Channel 4 News
, 16 May 2010.

4
     UNAMA.

5
     Jonathan Steele,
Guardian
, 5 May 2010.

6
     Jerome Starkey,
The Times
, 22 June 2010.

7
     Anthony Loyd,
The Times
, 24 June 2010.

8
     Jonathan Steele,
Guardian
, 5 May 2010.

Adamec, Ludwig W. –
Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan
, Scarecrow Press 2002

Ali, Mohammed –
The Afghans
, Punjab Educational Press 1958

Beattie, Hugh –
Imperial Frontier: Tribe and State in Waziristan
, Curzon 2002

Borovik, Artyom –
The Hidden War, A Russian Journalist’s Account of the Soviet War in Afghanistan
, Faber and Faber 1991

Chayes, Sarah –
The Punishment of Virtue: Inside Afghanistan After the Taliban
, Portobello Books 2007

Dupree, Nancy Hatch –
The Road to Balkh
, Afghan Tourist Organization 1967

Dupree, Nancy Hatch –
An Historical Guide to Afghanistan
, Afghan Tourist Organization 1977

Edwards, David B. –
Before Taliban
, University of California Press 2002

Fergusson, James –
Kandahar Cockney: A Tale of Two Worlds
, Harper Collins 2004

Fergusson, James –
A Million Bullets: The Real Story of the British Army in Afghanistan
, Corgi 2009

Filkins, Dexter –
The Forever War
, Vintage Books 2009

Fodio, Sheikh Uthman –
Handbook on Islam
, Madinah Press 1991

Ghani, Ashraf and Clare Lockhart,
Fixing Failed States
, Oxford University Press 2008

Giustozzi, Antonio –
Koran, Kalashnikov and Laptop: The Neo-Taliban Insurgency
, Columbia University Press 2008

Giustozzi, Antonio –
Decoding the New Taliban: Insights from the Afghan Field
, Columbia University Press 2009

Grey, Stephen –
Operation Snakebite, The Explosive True Story of an Afghan Desert Siege
, Viking (Penguin) 2009

Griffin, Michael –
Reaping the Whirlwind: The Taliban Movement in Afghanistan
, Pluto Press 2001

Khan, A. Ghani –
The Pathans, A Sketch
, UNO Printing Press 2008 (first published 1947)

Lamb, Christina –
The Sewing Circles of Herat
, HarperCollins 2002

Loyn, David –
Butcher and Bolt: Two Hundred Years of Foreign Engagement in Afghanistan
, Hutchinson 2008

Marsden, Peter –
The Taliban: War, Religion and the New Order in Afghanistan
, Zed Books 1998

Peters, Gretchen –
Seeds of Terror: How Heroin is Bankrolling the Taliban and Al Qaida
, Oneworld 2009

Rashid, Ahmed –
Taliban: The Story of the Afghan Warlords
, Pan Books 2001

Rashid, Ahmed –
Descent into Chaos
, Allen Lane (Penguin) 2008

Robinson, Patrick –
Lone Survivor: The Eyewitness Account of Operation Redwing and the Lost Heroes of SEAL Team 10
, Back Bay Books 2007

Roy, Olivier (with Mariam Abou Zahab) –
Islamist Networks: The Afghan-Pakistan Connection
, C. Hurst & Co 2004

Semple, Michael –
Reconciliation in Afghanistan
, United States Institute of Peace Press 2010

Zaeef, Abdul Salam –
My Life with the Taliban
, C. Hurst & Co 2010

Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders; those overlooked are invited to get in touch with the publishers. Credits run clockwise from top left image.

Section One

Small photo, Mohammad Omar, Khandahar, 1996: BBC News/Newsnight/AFP/Getty Images

Taliban fighters in a jeep: AP/Zaheeruddin Abdullah; Taliban fighters near Kabul, 21 October 1996: Roger Lemoyne/Liaison/Getty Images; group of Taliban praying, early nineties: Stephan Gladieu/L’Express/Gamma, Camera Press, London; Abdul Salam Zaeef, 19 October 2001: Getty Images; Mullah Dadullah, TV screen shot 19 May 2006: Farzana Wahidy/AFP/Getty Images; Jaluddin Haqqani, 14 March 1994: Robert Nickelsberg/Liaison/Getty Images; Mohammad Rabbani, 2 February 2000: Tanveer Mughal/AFP/Getty Images

Maps by Tom Coulson, Encompass Graphics

Afghan women walking home, Kabul, December 2000: Arthur Fox/Gamma, Camera Press, London; Ahmed Shah Massoud with his commanders,
15 August 1997; Hekmatyar, Mazar, 1998: author’s photo; girls’ school, Kabul, June 2001: Stephan Gladieu/L’Express/Gamma, Camera Press, London; Kandahar street scene, 13 March 1996: Topfoto/Ullstein; Taliban beating a woman, Kabul, 2001: RAWA/WPN

Main image, Bamiyan, 1992: Steve McCurry/Magnum Photos; destruction of the Buddhas of Bamiyan, 12 March 2001: CNN/Getty Images

Section Two

Taliban prisoners, Shibarghan, 8 December 2001: Oleg Nikishini/Getty Images

Main image, bombing of village near Bagram, 12 November 2001: Marco di Lauro/Associated Press; Ulema meeting, 20 September 2001: Barry Iverson/Time & Life Images/Getty Images; Northern Alliance troops enter Kabul, 13 November 2001: Scott Peterson/Getty Images; Northern Alliance troops check Taliban bodies, Mazar-i-Sharif, 28 November 2001: Oleg Nikishini/Getty Images; Rashid Dostum near Mazar-i-Sharif, 28 November 2001

Donald Rumsfeld visits Bagram Airbase, 27 April 2002: Natalie Behring-Chisholm/Getty Images; US trooper and remains of Humvee, May 2010: Richard Pohle; Royal Marines attack Taliban, Barikju, Northern Helmand, 2007; journalists photograph the body of Mullah Dadullah, Kandahar, 13 May 2007: Humayan Shiab/Corbis; US soldier searches local Afghan, near Spin Boldak, 22 April 2003: Ed Kashi/Corbis

Gen. Stanley McChrystal, Mazar-i-Sharif, 21 October 2009: Altaf Qadri/Associated Press; ANP member: Richard Pohle; car bomb explodes, Kabul, 18 January 2010: Associated Press; Hamid Karzai and Gordon Brown, London, 28 January 2010: Peter MacDiarmid/Getty Images; Barack Obama and Gen. David Petraeus, Washington, 23 June 2010: Win McNamee/Getty Images; prison south of Kabul after Taliban bombing, 14 June 2008: Allaudin Khan/Associated Press; Pakistani Pashtun reading a copy of the Taliban code of conduct, 31 July 2009: Shah Khalid/Associated Press

Shura, Sangin, 7 June 2007: Ahmad Masood/Reuters

Abd-al-Wahhab, Muhammad ibn 126,140

Abdul Hakeem Mujahid 96

Abdul Haleem, Ustad 26

Abdul-Basit, Mullah Qari 188–9, 362 on Nato aggressive image 191

on opium production 106–7

Abdullah (Wardaki Taliban) 187–9

Abdullah Abdullah on al-Qaida 369 in Chak 354–82

and Karzai's peace jirga 366–7 and Massoud 276–81 presidential candidate 250

Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz, King of

Saudi Arabia 213–14, 224, 291

Abu Ghraib prison 222

Abu Talib 65

Adams, Brad, on Fahim 261

Afghan National Army (ANA) 203–5, 273, 286, 314, 344, 355, 360, 371–2 ethnic imbalance 204, 281

Shinwari on 339

Afghan National Police (ANP) 273, 314, 342–5, 362

Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce and Industries 265

Afridi Pashtun tribe 58–9

Ahmad, Hajji 26 aid agencies and Taliban 16, 86–7 post-Taliban 159–60

see also
foreign development/ NGO

community; specific agencies aid workers

assassinated 169 security improved 56

Akhtar Jan, Mullah 35–6

al-Faisal, Prince Turki 131 al-Jazeera 270, 272

Taliban and 79

Al-Makatala (al-Qaida IT specialist) 141–2

al-Maktoum, Sheikh Mohammed 128

al-Qaida

actions, effect on government 107–8, 123–4