The Aeneid (59 page)
BEROË
(
be‘-roh-ee
): aged wife of Doryclus, impersonated by Iris in her machinations to destroy Aeneas’ fleet, 5.684.
(
be‘-roh-ee
): aged wife of Doryclus, impersonated by Iris in her machinations to destroy Aeneas’ fleet, 5.684.
BITIAS
(
bi‘-ti-as
): (1) Tyrian nobleman in Dido’s retinue, 1.884. (2) Brother of Pandarus (2), both born of Alcanor (1) and Iaera, Trojan comrade of Aeneas, killed by Turnus, 9.765.
(
bi‘-ti-as
): (1) Tyrian nobleman in Dido’s retinue, 1.884. (2) Brother of Pandarus (2), both born of Alcanor (1) and Iaera, Trojan comrade of Aeneas, killed by Turnus, 9.765.
BLACKSMITHS
: i.e., Chalybes, people from Pontus, a region along the southern coast of the Black Sea, who were reputed to be master iron-workers and the originators of steel, 10.210.
: i.e., Chalybes, people from Pontus, a region along the southern coast of the Black Sea, who were reputed to be master iron-workers and the originators of steel, 10.210.
BOLA
(
boh‘-la
): town in Latium, promised to the heirs of Aeneas, 6.895.
(
boh‘-la
): town in Latium, promised to the heirs of Aeneas, 6.895.
BRIAREUS
(
bri-a‘-ryoos
): name used by the gods for the hundred-handed giant called Aegaeon by mortals, 6.326. See
Iliad
1.477-83.
(
bri-a‘-ryoos
): name used by the gods for the hundred-handed giant called Aegaeon by mortals, 6.326. See
Iliad
1.477-83.
BRUTUS
(
broo‘-tus
): Lucius Junius Brutus, the founder and first consul of the Roman Republic, known as Brutus the Avenger, because he avenged the allegiance of his sons to Tarquin, after he had been expelled, by executing them, 6.942. See Introduction, p. 30.
(
broo‘-tus
): Lucius Junius Brutus, the founder and first consul of the Roman Republic, known as Brutus the Avenger, because he avenged the allegiance of his sons to Tarquin, after he had been expelled, by executing them, 6.942. See Introduction, p. 30.
BUTES
(
boo‘-teez
): (1) braggart kin of Amycus (2), king of the Bebrycians, who was once overpowered by Dares in a boxing-match, 5.415. (2) Armor-bearer of Anchises, who, at Aeneas’ bidding, protects Ascanius, 9.737. (3) Trojan killed by Camilla, 11.814.
(
boo‘-teez
): (1) braggart kin of Amycus (2), king of the Bebrycians, who was once overpowered by Dares in a boxing-match, 5.415. (2) Armor-bearer of Anchises, who, at Aeneas’ bidding, protects Ascanius, 9.737. (3) Trojan killed by Camilla, 11.814.
BUTHROTUM
(
boo-throh‘-tum
): coastal city in Epirus, inhabited after the fall of Troy by the Trojans Helenus and Andromache and their people, who founded a miniature version of Troy, 3.350. See Note 3.389-400.
(
boo-throh‘-tum
): coastal city in Epirus, inhabited after the fall of Troy by the Trojans Helenus and Andromache and their people, who founded a miniature version of Troy, 3.350. See Note 3.389-400.
BYRSA
(
beer‘-sa
): the citadel of Carthage, from the Greek word for bull’s-hide, 1.446. See Note ad loc.
(
beer‘-sa
): the citadel of Carthage, from the Greek word for bull’s-hide, 1.446. See Note ad loc.
CACUS
(
ka‘-kus
): son of Vulcan, fire-breathing monster who once lived on the Aventine hill in Pallanteum, savaging Evander’s people until Hercules destroyed him, the occasion for yearly rites of celebration among the town’s inhabitants, 8.227.
(
ka‘-kus
): son of Vulcan, fire-breathing monster who once lived on the Aventine hill in Pallanteum, savaging Evander’s people until Hercules destroyed him, the occasion for yearly rites of celebration among the town’s inhabitants, 8.227.
CAECULUS
(
kee‘-ku-lus
): Vulcan’s son, found on a burning hearth, who established Praeneste; comrade-in-arms of Turnus, 7.791.
(
kee‘-ku-lus
): Vulcan’s son, found on a burning hearth, who established Praeneste; comrade-in-arms of Turnus, 7.791.
CAEDICUS
(
kee‘-di-kus
): (1) Latin companion and guest of Remulus (1), to whom he presented many gifts, 9.418. (2) Etruscan, comrade of Mezentius, 10.882.
(
kee‘-di-kus
): (1) Latin companion and guest of Remulus (1), to whom he presented many gifts, 9.418. (2) Etruscan, comrade of Mezentius, 10.882.
CAENEUS
(
kee‘-nyoos
): (1) Thessalian girl changed by Neptune into a young man and then turned back by Fate to her original form, 6.519. (2) Trojan, killer of Ortygius; killed by Turnus, 9.653.
(
kee‘-nyoos
): (1) Thessalian girl changed by Neptune into a young man and then turned back by Fate to her original form, 6.519. (2) Trojan, killer of Ortygius; killed by Turnus, 9.653.
CAERE
(
kee‘-ree
): Etrurian city, called Agylla once, and now Cervetri, its banks a center of worship of Silvanus, god of forests, and the source of a contingent led by Lausus, 8.704.
(
kee‘-ree
): Etrurian city, called Agylla once, and now Cervetri, its banks a center of worship of Silvanus, god of forests, and the source of a contingent led by Lausus, 8.704.
CAESAR, JULIUS
(
see‘-zar, jool’-yus
): Caius Julius Caesar, known to history as Caesar. His family, the Julian
gens,
is “a name passed down from Iulus, his great forebear,” 1.342-44. See ATYS, AUGUSTUS, ILUS (1), and Introduction, pp. 1-2.
(
see‘-zar, jool’-yus
): Caius Julius Caesar, known to history as Caesar. His family, the Julian
gens,
is “a name passed down from Iulus, his great forebear,” 1.342-44. See ATYS, AUGUSTUS, ILUS (1), and Introduction, pp. 1-2.
CAICUS
(
ka-ee‘-kus
): Trojan, companion of Aeneas, his ship temporarily lost in the storm off Libya, 1.217.
(
ka-ee‘-kus
): Trojan, companion of Aeneas, his ship temporarily lost in the storm off Libya, 1.217.
CAIETA
(
kay-ee‘-ta
): (1) port and promontory on the western coast of Latium, now Gaeta, 6.1038, that derives its name from the name of Gaeta (2), Aeneas’ nurse, since she is buried there, 7.1.
(
kay-ee‘-ta
): (1) port and promontory on the western coast of Latium, now Gaeta, 6.1038, that derives its name from the name of Gaeta (2), Aeneas’ nurse, since she is buried there, 7.1.
CALCHAS
(
kal‘-kas
): son of Thestor, prophet of the Achaeans in the service of Apollo and the armies of the Greeks, 2.126.
(
kal‘-kas
): son of Thestor, prophet of the Achaeans in the service of Apollo and the armies of the Greeks, 2.126.
CALES
(
kay‘-leez
): town in central Campania, now Calvi, north of Capua, that sent a contingent to fight on Turnus’ side, 7.846.
(
kay‘-leez
): town in central Campania, now Calvi, north of Capua, that sent a contingent to fight on Turnus’ side, 7.846.
CALLIOPE
(
ka-leye‘-o-pee
): leader of the nine Muses; her province is epic poetry, and she is invoked by Virgil to help unfold the wars in Italy, 9.601.
(
ka-leye‘-o-pee
): leader of the nine Muses; her province is epic poetry, and she is invoked by Virgil to help unfold the wars in Italy, 9.601.
CALYBE
(
ka‘-li-bee
): Rutulian priestess of Juno, impersonated by Allecto when she incites Turnus to battle, 7.490.
(
ka‘-li-bee
): Rutulian priestess of Juno, impersonated by Allecto when she incites Turnus to battle, 7.490.
CALYDON
(
ka‘-li-don
): city in Aetolia, where Diomedes was born, the site of a legendary struggle between Aetolians and Curetes, 7.357; see Note 7.358-59.
(
ka‘-li-don
): city in Aetolia, where Diomedes was born, the site of a legendary struggle between Aetolians and Curetes, 7.357; see Note 7.358-59.
CAMERINA
(
ka-me-ree‘-na
): town on the southern coast of Sicily; the settlement and its surrounding marshland are held in place by the Fates, 3.809.
(
ka-me-ree‘-na
): town on the southern coast of Sicily; the settlement and its surrounding marshland are held in place by the Fates, 3.809.
CAMERS
(
ka‘-meers
): Rutulian, Volcens’ son and an ally of Turnus, killed by Aeneas, 10.668.
(
ka‘-meers
): Rutulian, Volcens’ son and an ally of Turnus, killed by Aeneas, 10.668.
CAMILLA
(
ka-mil‘-a
): Volscian commander, comrade of Turnus, comparable to an Amazon like Penthesilea, “a warrior queen who dares to battle men” (1.595), 7.933.
(
ka-mil‘-a
): Volscian commander, comrade of Turnus, comparable to an Amazon like Penthesilea, “a warrior queen who dares to battle men” (1.595), 7.933.
CAMILLUS
(
ka-meel‘-us
): Marcus Furius Camillus liberated Rome from the Gauls, 6.950. See Introduction, p. 30.
(
ka-meel‘-us
): Marcus Furius Camillus liberated Rome from the Gauls, 6.950. See Introduction, p. 30.
CAMPANIAN
(
kam-pan‘-yan
): of Campania, a region of western central Italy, the name of whose major city, Capua, Virgil derives from the Trojan Capys (1), 10.176-77.
(
kam-pan‘-yan
): of Campania, a region of western central Italy, the name of whose major city, Capua, Virgil derives from the Trojan Capys (1), 10.176-77.
CAPENA
(
ka-peen‘-a
): town in Etruria on the west bank of the Tiber, due north of Rome, its contingent allied with Turnus’ forces, 7.812.
(
ka-peen‘-a
): town in Etruria on the west bank of the Tiber, due north of Rome, its contingent allied with Turnus’ forces, 7.812.
CAPHEREUS
(
ka-fee‘-ryoos
): eastern headland of Euboea, where Greeks on the homeward run from Troy were stormed and sunk as part of Minerva’s vengeance against Oilean Ajax for violating Cassandra, 11.314.
(
ka-fee‘-ryoos
): eastern headland of Euboea, where Greeks on the homeward run from Troy were stormed and sunk as part of Minerva’s vengeance against Oilean Ajax for violating Cassandra, 11.314.
CAPITOL
: the Capitoline hill in Rome, its southern height crowned by the temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, where Roman triumphal processions came to a conclusion, 6.963. See Introduction, pp. 20, 34.
: the Capitoline hill in Rome, its southern height crowned by the temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, where Roman triumphal processions came to a conclusion, 6.963. See Introduction, pp. 20, 34.
CAPREAE
(
ka‘-pre-eye
): modern Capri, an island off the peninsula that forms the southern edge of the Bay of Naples, and the source of a contingent allied to Turnus, 7.855.
(
ka‘-pre-eye
): modern Capri, an island off the peninsula that forms the southern edge of the Bay of Naples, and the source of a contingent allied to Turnus, 7.855.
CAPYS
(
ka‘-pis
): (1) Trojan companion of Aeneas, restored to him after the storm off Libya; supposed founder of Capua, whose name the city bears; killer of Privernus, 1.217. (2) A king of Alba Longa, 6.888.
(
ka‘-pis
): (1) Trojan companion of Aeneas, restored to him after the storm off Libya; supposed founder of Capua, whose name the city bears; killer of Privernus, 1.217. (2) A king of Alba Longa, 6.888.
CARIANS
(
kay‘-ri-anz
): Trojan allies, inhabitants of Caria, a region in southern Asia Minor facing the Aegean, 8.849.
(
kay‘-ri-anz
): Trojan allies, inhabitants of Caria, a region in southern Asia Minor facing the Aegean, 8.849.
CARINAE
(
ka-reen‘-ee
): “the Keels,” elegant district of future Rome, just north of the Roman Forum, at the base of the Esquiline, home to the fashionable and the powerful, 8.424.
(
ka-reen‘-ee
): “the Keels,” elegant district of future Rome, just north of the Roman Forum, at the base of the Esquiline, home to the fashionable and the powerful, 8.424.
CARMENTAL GATE
(
kar-men‘-tal
): ancient entrance to the city of Rome, located at the western base of the Capitoline hill and named after Carmentis, 8.396.
(
kar-men‘-tal
): ancient entrance to the city of Rome, located at the western base of the Capitoline hill and named after Carmentis, 8.396.
CARMENTIS
(
kar-men‘-tis
): nymph, prophetess, and mother of Evander, 8.394.
(
kar-men‘-tis
): nymph, prophetess, and mother of Evander, 8.394.
CARPATHIAN
(
kar-pay‘-thi-an
): of Carpathus, an island in the Aegean, lying between Crete and Rhodes, 5.654.
(
kar-pay‘-thi-an
): of Carpathus, an island in the Aegean, lying between Crete and Rhodes, 5.654.
CARTHAGE
(
kar‘-thage
): capital city of Phoenician exiles, led by Dido, who settled them in northern Libya, a nation greatly favored by Juno, and later to become the mortal enemies of Rome in the Punic Wars, 1.15. See Introduction, passim.
(
kar‘-thage
): capital city of Phoenician exiles, led by Dido, who settled them in northern Libya, a nation greatly favored by Juno, and later to become the mortal enemies of Rome in the Punic Wars, 1.15. See Introduction, passim.
CASMILLA
(
kas-mee‘-la
): mother of Camilla by Metabus, 11.644.
(
kas-mee‘-la
): mother of Camilla by Metabus, 11.644.
CASPERIA
(
kay-sper‘-i-a
): Sabine town, whose contingent was allied with Turnus, 7.831.
(
kay-sper‘-i-a
): Sabine town, whose contingent was allied with Turnus, 7.831.
CASPIAN
(
kas‘-pi-an
): inland sea, the largest in the world, between Europe and Asia, 6.921.
(
kas‘-pi-an
): inland sea, the largest in the world, between Europe and Asia, 6.921.
CASSANDRA
(
ka-san‘-dra
): daughter of Priam, sister of Hector, lover of Agamemnon, murdered with him by Aegisthus and Clytemnestra. She was a prophetess who foresaw the doom of Troy, her visions inspired by Apollo who, his love rebuffed, denied her the power ever to be believed, 2.311. See
Iliad
24.819-30.
(
ka-san‘-dra
): daughter of Priam, sister of Hector, lover of Agamemnon, murdered with him by Aegisthus and Clytemnestra. She was a prophetess who foresaw the doom of Troy, her visions inspired by Apollo who, his love rebuffed, denied her the power ever to be believed, 2.311. See
Iliad
24.819-30.
CASTOR
(
kas‘-tor
): Trojan comrade of Aeneas, 10.153.
(
kas‘-tor
): Trojan comrade of Aeneas, 10.153.
CATILINE
(
ka‘-ti-leyen
): Lucius Sergius Catilina who, in 63 B.C., organized a conspiracy, which bears his name, to overthrow the Roman government, 8.783. See Introduction, pp. 1, 34.
(
ka‘-ti-leyen
): Lucius Sergius Catilina who, in 63 B.C., organized a conspiracy, which bears his name, to overthrow the Roman government, 8.783. See Introduction, pp. 1, 34.
CATILLUS
(
ka-teel‘-us
): twin brother of Coras, brother of Tiburtus, and with his brothers, one who established Tibur and was allied with Turnus’ forces, 7.783.
(
ka-teel‘-us
): twin brother of Coras, brother of Tiburtus, and with his brothers, one who established Tibur and was allied with Turnus’ forces, 7.783.
CATO
(
kay‘-toh
): (1) Marcus Porcius Cato, the Censor, harsh giver of laws, 6.968. (2) Marcus Porcius Cato, called Uticensis because he committed suicide at Utica in Africa rather than endure the victory of Caesar; great-grandson of Cato the Censor, 8.785. See Introduction, p. 34.
(
kay‘-toh
): (1) Marcus Porcius Cato, the Censor, harsh giver of laws, 6.968. (2) Marcus Porcius Cato, called Uticensis because he committed suicide at Utica in Africa rather than endure the victory of Caesar; great-grandson of Cato the Censor, 8.785. See Introduction, p. 34.
CAUCASUS
(
kaw‘-ka-sus
): a mountain range between the Black and Caspian seas, where an eagle perpetually devoured the liver of Prometheus, shackled to a rocky ledge, 4.458.
(
kaw‘-ka-sus
): a mountain range between the Black and Caspian seas, where an eagle perpetually devoured the liver of Prometheus, shackled to a rocky ledge, 4.458.
CAULON
(
kaw‘-lon
): a town near the tip of the southwestern coast of Italy, 3.646.
(
kaw‘-lon
): a town near the tip of the southwestern coast of Italy, 3.646.
CELAENO
(
se-lee‘-noh
): leader of the Harpies, possessed of prophetic power, 3.257.
(
se-lee‘-noh
): leader of the Harpies, possessed of prophetic power, 3.257.
CELEMNA
(
se-leem‘-na
): inland town in northern Campania, source of a contingent allied with Turnus, 7.860.
(
se-leem‘-na
): inland town in northern Campania, source of a contingent allied with Turnus, 7.860.
CENTAUR
(
sen‘-tawr
): name of ship, captained by Sergestus, that founders in the ship-race at the funeral games of Anchises, placing fourth and last, 5.143. See Note 5.134-318.
(
sen‘-tawr
): name of ship, captained by Sergestus, that founders in the ship-race at the funeral games of Anchises, placing fourth and last, 5.143. See Note 5.134-318.
CENTAURS
(
sen‘-tawrz
): wild creatures, part man and part horse, who live in the vicinity of Mount Pelion, 6.325. See Notes 7.358-59, 8.346.
(
sen‘-tawrz
): wild creatures, part man and part horse, who live in the vicinity of Mount Pelion, 6.325. See Notes 7.358-59, 8.346.
CERAUNIA
(
se-raw‘-ni-a
): mountains and promontory on the northern coast of Epirus, a menace to mariners, 3.593, that tapers into Acroceraunia, a point of land extending into the narrow straits—the shortest route to Italy, 3.594. See MINERVA.
(
se-raw‘-ni-a
): mountains and promontory on the northern coast of Epirus, a menace to mariners, 3.593, that tapers into Acroceraunia, a point of land extending into the narrow straits—the shortest route to Italy, 3.594. See MINERVA.
CERBERUS
(
ser‘-be-rus
): watchdog with three heads that guards the entrance to the Underworld, 6.479.
(
ser‘-be-rus
): watchdog with three heads that guards the entrance to the Underworld, 6.479.
CERES
(
see‘-reez
): mother of Proserpina, and goddess of grainlands and, by extension, of their products, flour and bread, 1.210.
(
see‘-reez
): mother of Proserpina, and goddess of grainlands and, by extension, of their products, flour and bread, 1.210.
CETHEGUS
(
se-thee‘-gus
): Rutulian killed by Aeneas, 12.600.
(
se-thee‘-gus
): Rutulian killed by Aeneas, 12.600.
CHAONIA
(
kay-ohn‘-ni-a
): a sector of Epirus where Dodona, the site of an oracle sacred to Jupiter, is located, 3.349; CHAONIAN (
kay-ohn’-i-an
), belonging to that locale, 3.398, which was named by Helenus after his brother, CHAON (
kay‘-on
), a Trojan, son of Priam, 3.399.
(
kay-ohn‘-ni-a
): a sector of Epirus where Dodona, the site of an oracle sacred to Jupiter, is located, 3.349; CHAONIAN (
kay-ohn’-i-an
), belonging to that locale, 3.398, which was named by Helenus after his brother, CHAON (
kay‘-on
), a Trojan, son of Priam, 3.399.
CHAOS
: the Underworld, and god of the Underworld, father of Erebus, or darkness, and Night, 4.639.
: the Underworld, and god of the Underworld, father of Erebus, or darkness, and Night, 4.639.
CHARON
(
ka‘-ron
): a god of the Underworld, and son of Erebus and Night, who chooses the dead souls that he will ferry across the river Styx, 6.341. Regarding those who are eligible for transport, see Introduction, pp. 28, 37.
(
ka‘-ron
): a god of the Underworld, and son of Erebus and Night, who chooses the dead souls that he will ferry across the river Styx, 6.341. Regarding those who are eligible for transport, see Introduction, pp. 28, 37.
CHARYBDIS
(
ka-rib‘-dis
): monster in the form of a giant whirlpool, supposedly located across from Scylla in the Straits of Messina, 3.497.
(
ka-rib‘-dis
): monster in the form of a giant whirlpool, supposedly located across from Scylla in the Straits of Messina, 3.497.
CHIMAERA
(
keye-mee‘-ra
): name of ship, captained by Gyas (1), that finishes third in the ship-race at the funeral games of Anchises, 5.139. See Note 5.134-318.
(
keye-mee‘-ra
): name of ship, captained by Gyas (1), that finishes third in the ship-race at the funeral games of Anchises, 5.139. See Note 5.134-318.
CHIMAERA:
Monster breathing fire, “all lion in front, all snake behind, all goat between” (
Iliad
6.214), that stands watch in the Underworld, 6.328, and forms an ornament on Turnus’ helmet, 7.911.
Monster breathing fire, “all lion in front, all snake behind, all goat between” (
Iliad
6.214), that stands watch in the Underworld, 6.328, and forms an ornament on Turnus’ helmet, 7.911.
CHLOREUS
(
kloh‘-ryoos
): Trojan, sacred to the goddess Cybebe (Cybele), once her priest, stalked by Camilla first, then killed by Turnus, 11.903.
(
kloh‘-ryoos
): Trojan, sacred to the goddess Cybebe (Cybele), once her priest, stalked by Camilla first, then killed by Turnus, 11.903.
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