The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog (39 page)

189
physical abuse and neglect and other trauma
: Dansky, B. S., Byrne, C. A., & Brady, K. T. (1999, May). Intimate violence and post-traumatic stress disorder among individuals with cocaine dependence.
American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 25(2)
, 257-268; Palacios, W. R., Urmann, C. F., Newel, R., & Hamilton, N. (1999, July-September). Developing a sociological framework for dually diagnosed women.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 17(1-2)
, 91-102.

189
show changes during addiction
: Daglish, M. R., Weinstein, A., Malizia, A. L., Wilson, S., Melichar, J. K., Lingford-Hughes, A., Myles, J. S., Grasby, P., & Nutt, D. J. (2003, December). Functional connectivity analysis of the neural circuits of opiate craving: “more” rather than “different”?
Neuroimage, 20(4)
; Carey, P. D., Warwick, J., Niehaus, D. J., van der Linden, G., van Heerden, B. B., Harvey, B. H., Seedat, S., Stein, D. J. (2004, October 14). Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of anxiety disorders before and after treatment with citalopram.
BMC Psychiatry, 4
, 30; Carlezon, W. A. Jr., Duman, R. S., & Nestler, E. J. (2005, August). The many faces of CREB.
Trends in Neuroscience, 28(8)
, 436-445; Astur, R. S., St. Germain, S. A., Tolin, D., Ford, J., Russell, D., & Stevens, M. (2006, April). Hippocampus function predicts severity of post-traumatic stress disorder.
Cyberpsychology and Behavior
,
9(2)
, 234-240.

189
found relief in dissociation
: Winchel, R. M. & Stanley, M. (1991, March). Self-injurious behavior: a review of the behavior and biology of self-mutilation.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 148(3)
, 306-317.

190
do not find them overwhelmingly blissful
: Conley, K. M., Toledano, A. Y., Apfelbaum, J. L., & Zacny, J. P. (1997). The modulating effects of a cold water stimulus on opioid effects in volunteers.
Psychopharmacology, 131
, 313-320.

208
Please call the police
: Hanson, E. (2000, April 14). Jurors are asked to terminate parental rights in abuse case.
Houston Chronicle
.

211
be affected by the environment
: Read, J., Perry, B. D., Moskowitz, A., & Connolly, J. (2001). The contribution of early traumatic events to schizophrenia in some patients: a traumagenic neurodevelopmental model.
Psychiatry, 64(4)
, 319-345; Anda, R. F., Felitti, R. F., Walker, J., Whitfield, C., Bremner, D. J., Perry, B. D., Dube, S. R., & Giles, W. G. (2006). The enduring effects of childhood abuse and related experiences: a convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology.
European Archives of Psychiatric and Clinical Neuroscience
,
256(3)
, 174-186.

212
ultimately convicted of the murders
: Talan, J. & Firstman, R. (1998).
The death of innocents: a true story of murder, medicine, and high-stake science
. New York: Bantam.

212
killed eight of the babies
: Southall, D. P., Plunkett, M. C., Banks, M. W., Falkov, A. F., & Samuels, M. P. (1997, November). Covert video recordings of life-threatening child abuse: lessons for child protection.
Pediatrics, 100(5)
, 735-760.

213
murder until proved otherwise
: Dyer, O. (2004, January 3). Meadow faces GMC over evidence given in child death cases.
British Medical Journal, 328(7430)
, 9.

213
convictions have already been overturned
: UK Health Minister orders review of 285 cot death murders. (2004, January 20).
Medical News Today
; Sally Clark Doctor wins GMC Case. (2006, February 17).
BBC News
.

213
unneeded and painful medical procedures
: Schreier, H. (1993).
Hurting for love: munchausen by proxy syndrome
(p. 25). New York: Guilford Press.

217
brain-related functional problems
: Perry, B. D. (2002). Childhood experience and the expression of genetic potential: what childhood neglect tells us about nature and nurture.
Brain and Mind, 3
, 79-100; Perry, B. D. & Pollard, D. (1997). Altered brain development following global neglect in early childhood.
Society For Neuroscience
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the number was just five
: Burguiere, A. & Klapisch-Zuber, C., et. al. (Eds.) (1996).
A history of the family, volume I: distant worlds, ancient worlds
and
A history of the family, volume II: the impact of modernity
. Boston: Harvard University Press.

233
26 percent of Americans live alone
: Morrow, J. A (2003, November 1). Place for one.
American Demographics
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234
had an episode of serious depression
: Klerman, G. L. & Weissman, M. M. (1989, April 21). Increasing rates of depression.
Journal of the American Medical Association. 261(15)
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234
factor of ten in recent decades
: Burke, K. C., Burke, J. D. Jr., Rae, D. S., & Regier, D. A. (1991, September). Comparing age at onset of major depression and other psychiatric disorders by birth cohorts in five US community populations.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 48(9)
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237
from a grandparent, can make
: Else, L. (2006, April 8). Meet the Alloparents.
New Scientist
.

241
by the time she turns eighteen
: American Psychiatric Association. (1998). Psychiatric effects of media violence. APA Online
.

* = (Indicates a pseudonym)

 

ADD (attention deficit disorder)

Addiction

Adrenaline

brain activity and

and stress

Adults

children healing through trust of

response to children's traumatic events

training those who work with children

Alan* (father of Leon)

Alcohol

Amber (patient)

background of

beginning of therapy with

cognitive therapy for

dissociative response of

fantasy escapes of

Goth social environment of

healing of

self-hatred of

self-hypnosis and

self-mutilation of

sexual abuse of

Amphetamine

Amy* (mother of Peter)

parenting challenges of

and Peter's behavior

as remarkable parent

Animals

affect of stress on

runt syndrome

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD)

Arousal continuum

Arthur* (Justin's caregiver)

ASPD (antisocial personality disorder)

Asperger's syndrome

Associations

memory creating

pleasurable

sexual abuse in early life, and

trauma-related symptoms and

use-dependent development and

Attachment

importance for baby

as memory template for human bonds

period for developing

Attachment therapy

Attention deficit disorder (ADD)

Attention problems, and brainstem

Autism

indifference to relationships of

massage therapy for

overview of

 

Babylonians

Bass, Barbara

BATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms)

Biology

Blue spot (locus coeruleus)

Brain

action of chemicals in

arousal continuum and

catastrophic events and

dissociative response and

environment affecting

fear affecting

growth of physical body and

hierarchy of function in

memory and

neglect affecting

neural systems regulating stress-response and

opposition to using research on

parental effects on

patterns of experience and

protecting from trauma

in PTSD.
see
PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder)

relationships and relational cues in

in resilient children

rhythm-keeping regions of

sensitization and tolerance effects in

sequential development of

stress in infancy impacting

structure of

use-dependent development and

Brainstem

abnormalities of

coordinated walking and

development of

hierarchy of functions in brain

structure of brain with

Branch Davidian compound.
see
Davidian children

Brian (patient)

background story of

on coerced confessions

sensitivity and morality of

Brown, Sergeant James York

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (BATF)

Burnt out, of brain systems

Butterfly effect

 

Caregivers.
see
Parents (caregivers)

Catastrophic events

Child protective services (CPS) systems

Child psychiatry

avoiding preconceptions

distinguishing diseases from neglect

neurosequential treatment in.
see
Neurosequential treatment

Children

development education for adults

importance of adults in healing

kindness of.
see
Peter (patient)

misguided theories on stress

statistics on abuse of

statistics on trauma in

ChildTrauma Academy

Clark, Patty,*

Clinton, Hillary

Clonidine

calming stress with

difficult cases using

positive effects of

Cocaine

Coercive methods

harm of

ineffective for victims of trauma

problems with

sexual abuse confessions as a result of

Cognitive therapy

Communities.
see
Healing communities

Competition, focus on

Compliance, robotic

Connor (patient)

behavior and diagnosis of

determining therapy for

lack of development in

massage therapy for

missing brain stimulation required in early life

neglected as infant

parallel play therapy for

rhythm therapy for

success of therapy

treatment targeting neglected brain areas

Control

coping with trauma by

habituation and

learned helplessness phenomenon and

regaining after coping with trauma

Cooperation, evolution of

Coordination problems

Cortex

abnormalities in

in brain structure

development of

fear response and

hierarchy of function in brain

Cortisol

CPS (child protective services) systems

Cuteness, in children

Cutters.
see
Self-mutilation

 

Davidian children

aftermath

ages of

belief that siege would end in death

catastrophic raid and

creating new environments for

decision-making in

disciplining

dissociative response in

fear in

healing power of relationship and

maladaptive responses of

readied for end of world

rituals of

sense of family

sense of self

stress response in

structure and nurturing for

Daydreaming, as dissociation

Decision-making

brain development and

Davidian children and

Depression

cognitive therapy for

as problem of modern society

as response to extreme stressors

ruminating on past events increasing

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)

Diencephalon

Dissociation

Davidian children and

hyper-arousal response and

as response to extreme stressors

as response to trauma

self-hypnosis for

self-mutilation as

story of Ted

Dissociative continuum

Dopamine

Drugs.
see
Medications

DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual)

Duane* (boyfriend of Jill)

Dyrud, Dr. Jarl

 

Education

child development

need for infant and child

Empathy

autistic children and

development of

holding therapy failing to evoke

inability to feel

lacking in Reactive Detachment Disorder

schools undermining development of

sociopathy and

underdeveloped capacity for

Endogenous opioids

Endorphins

Enkephalins

Environment

affecting brain development

building relationships in school

complex conditions affected by

Evangelical Christianity

Evolution

cooperation and

extended families and

infant sleeping patterns and

living in small groups and

Extended families

 

Failure to thrive

Fainting

arousal continuum and

as dissociative disorder