(Arab.,
batana
, ‘conceal’). Name for several Muslim sects, characterized by their seeking the inner, or secret, or esoteric meaning of the
Qur'
n
. B
in
is any doctrine which is esoteric or secret.
Bat Kol
or Bat Qol
(Heb., ‘daughter of a voice). A divine voice which reveals God's will. After the cessation of
prophecy
, it became for Jews the only direct means of communication between God and human beings and occurred at the death of martyrs and occasionally in dreams.
Bat mitzvah
(Heb., ‘daughter of the commandment’). The status for a girl of attaining religious adulthood (cf.
BAR MITZVAH
for a boy). No ceremonies are laid down in the law, but a liturgy is contained in the Reform
New Union Prayer Book
(1975); the ceremonies are more elaborate in
Progressive Judaism
.