The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (425 page)

BOOK: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
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Bojjhanga
(P
li; Skt.,
bodhyanga
). The seven contributions, in Buddhism, to enlightenment. See also
BODHIP
K
IKA-DHARMA
.
B
katsu
(Jap., ‘stick’ + ‘shout’). Zen Buddhist training technique, using blows from a stick (
kyosaku
) or a shout (
ho
), not as a punishment, but—at the exactly right moment—to help the breakthrough to enlightenment.
Bokuseki
(Jap., ‘marks of ink’). Zen Buddhist
calligraphy
. The purpose is not aesthetic, but to express Zen experience. The words executed are usually those of the Zen masters (
h
go
), but the text may be simply one letter or one word. Outstanding practitioners were
Muso Soseki
,
Ikkyu S
jun
,
Hakuin Zenji
, and more recently
Yamamoto Gemp
.
Bokush
Chinsonshuku
(Ch'an teacher)
:

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