The Eastern Front 1914-1917 (64 page)

On the economic side, there is a useful bibliography of recent work in René Girault:
Emprunts russes et investissements français en Russie
(Paris 1973). The various works of A. L. Sidorov have proved essential to me throughout this book; a convenient list of them may be found in the volume of essays:
Ekonomicheskoye Polozheniye Rossii v gody pervoy mirovoy voyni
(ed. K. N. Tarnovski and others, Moscow 1973).

I have also used a number of archival sources. The Hoover Institution in Stanford, California, has some extremely valuable ones: for Russia, the minutes of the Council of Ministers (
Vysochayshe utverzhdenniye osobiye zhurnali sovieta ministrov i osobikh soveshchaniy
), the
Osnovniye direktivi i direktivniye ukazaniya Verkhovnogo Glavnokomanduyushchego—Stavka
orders and conference minutes for 1914–15- and the
Kratky otchet o deyatelnosti Voyennogo Ministerstva za 1916 god
. The ‘Golovin Archive’ also contains numerous items of lesser value, but none the less of interest. The German archives have survived only very limitedly: v.
Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen
1968/2 pp. 135–44 and R. Studanski: ‘Die Bestände des deutschen Militärarchivs’ in:
Zeitschrift für Militärgeschichte
Jg. 4 1965, which replace earlier articles. The finest collection of archives of the war still existing in Europe is probably the Vienna
Kriegsarchiv
, of which I have made extensive use, as indicated in the footnotes. British archives, in the Public Record Office, both Foreign Office and War Office, may be used with profit. The Index volume 178A shows the various military attachés’ reports: those of Blair (985–1037) and Neilson (1119–1126) are the most valuable. Knox’s were almost all printed in his
With the Russian Army
. The French observers were more reliable, on the whole, and the
Ministére de la Guerre: Archives historiques
(Château de Vincennes) ‘Campagne contre l’Allemagne 1914–1918’ Cartons 77–81 contain their reports. The essential ones here—and a source worth publishing–are the eight
Rapports du Colonel Langlois
, in Carton 79; the military attachés’ reports in Carton 77 also contain important material.

Index

Aerial Photography,
238

Agriculture,
286
,
292–4

Albania,
142
,
221
,
222
,
243

Alexandrovsk,
158

Alexeyev,
21
,
31
,
34
,
35
,
51
,
53
,
82
,
84
,
85
,
87
,
88
,
94
,
95
,
96
,
101
,
107
,
111
,
119
,
120
,
130
, 136 ff.,
142
,
149
n.,
169
,
171
,
174
,
175
,
185–7
passim,
179
,
180
,
181
,
184–7
passim,
189
,
191–2
,
212
, 221 ff.,
227
,
230
,
232–4
,
238
,
239
,
246
,
257
,
270
,
271
,
273
,
274
,
277
,
279

Allenstein,
64
,
65
,
66

Allies,
116

Allison,
153

Alsace,
44

Altschiller,
26

Anarchists,
283

Anatra factory,
210

Andersen,
176

Andrássy,
269

Andrey Vladimirovitch, Grand Duke,
192

Andronikov, Prince,
26–7
,
197

Angerapp lines,
54
,
59
,
62
,
67
,
68
,
97
,
111

Anglo-Russian Committee (trade),
155

Antsiferov,
297

Antwerp,
175
,
181

Arab troops,
278

Archangel,
157–8

Ardennes,
50

Arges river,
280

‘ Army Group Archduke Karl’,
255

Army wives,
53
,
58
,
113

Arsiero-Asiago,
246

Artamonov,
63
,
226

Artillery,
23–4
,
38
,
93–4
,
131–2
, 146 ff.,
210
,
239
,
247
,
251–2

Artillery Committee,
23

Artillery Department,
28
,
29
,
31
,
32
,
144
,
149
,
150
,
155
,
161
,
163
,
211

Artois,
133

Asiago,
258

Auffenberg,
86
,
87
,
90
.

August 1914,
44–5

Augustow,
118

Austerlitz,
58

Austria,
27
,
33
,
34
,
42–3
,
44
,
51
,
53
,
70–6
,
219
,
253
,
268
;

aircraft,
80
;

gunboats,
277
;

pilots,
241

Austro-German army,
23
,
180
,
239
;

quarrels,
243
,
262

Austro-Hungarian armies,
38
,
44
,
45
,
53
,
55
,
71
,
82
,
84
,
88–91
,
96–9
,
120–1
,
122
,
123
,
141–2
,
190–1
,
246
;

IV,
86–90
,
126
,
128
,
138
,
178
,
240
,
241
,
259
,
262
,
271
,
272
;

VII,
140
,
252
;

VIII,
247
, defeated,
254
;

cavalry,
80
,
86
;

conscription,
214
;

guns,
223
;

losses,
190
,
251
;

mobilisation,
75–80
;

munition,
149
n.;

railways,
73–8

Averescu,
277

Ayvaz factory,
161

‘Bag-men’,
297

Bakaritsa,
157

Baku,
203

Balanin,
28

Balkans,
35
,
81
,
88
,
89
,
109
,
111
,
120
,
130
,
140
,
243
,
282

Baltic,
18
,
21
,
29
,
33
,
52
,
59
,
171
,
185
,
281

Baluyev,
228
,
229
,
230

Banking,
207
,
284

Baranovitchi,
52
,
53
,
135
,
182
,
184
,
189
,
257
,
260
,
267

Bark, Peter,
195
,
290

Barsukov,
28

Baykov,
206

Bayov,
27

Bayrashev,
26

Belgian army,
93

Belgium,
38
,
40
,
44
,
45

Below,
64
,
65
,
116

Benderi,
279

Benckendorff,
156