Authors: Mark Oldfield
âThirteen thousand letters done so far. We're almost finished,' GalÃndez said.
âCool. Does that mean you can you start your analysis soon?'
âIt does, though first I'm going to check to see if there's any missing data. Then, if everything's in order, I'll start analysing it.'
âIsabel says you're brilliant with statistics.'
GalÃndez frowned, about to point out that Isabel might not be the best qualified person to comment on her statistical abilities. She checked herself. âI know what I'm doing, put it that way. My speciality is profiling, that relies heavily on stats.'
Claudia looked up, impressed. âDo you do a lot of profiling in the
guardia
?'
GalÃndez shook her head. âI was about to transfer to the profiling unit last year but then I was injured and someone else got the post.'
âCan't you reapply when you've completed this project?'
âI'd like to.' GalÃndez was suddenly uncomfortable recalling the events of the last year and went back to her computer. She immersed herself in the data, the rattle of keyboards around her fading as she focused on the familiar procedures of data analysis, losing herself in the manipulation and transformation of data, shaping it into meaningful tables and summaries, eliciting patterns and relationships that might answer her questions. People thought such things were complex. GalÃndez found the rigour and precision of the work reassuring.
Claudia pulled her chair closer. âCan I watch? I don't get to use these methods often. Profesora Ordoñez says it introduces a barrier between the researcher and her subject.'
âOf course you can,' GalÃndez said. âLuisa â I mean Profesora Ordoñez â has a very fixed view of how research should be carried out.'
âI've noticed,' Claudia said. âAlthough she said much the same thing about you.'
GalÃndez frowned. âLuisa forgets we have to adapt our research methods to fit the situation. We can't interview a lot of these people because they're dead. If we didn't have these letters, the parents' complaints about their children being stolen would be lost for ever.' She took a deep breath. Luisa's rigid antagonism to scientific method always annoyed her.
âDon't get angry, Ana,' Claudia said. âWe're all really excited to be working on this project. Have you seen the posters some of the students put up?'
âThe one saying, “We want the truth about the stolen kids”?' GalÃndez nodded. âI think it's great that you all see the value of this.'
âNo, that one.' Claudia pointed to the wall above the sink.
GalÃndez's eyes widened as she saw another home-made poster, though this time the photo was of her, wearing her dark suit, sunglasses pushed up into her hair as she completed the interview with RTVE. A caption in bold letters:
¡Forza GalÃndez!
âThis isn't about me,' GalÃndez said, suddenly self-conscious.
âIt's about doing the right thing, getting justice for people who wouldn't get it otherwise,' Claudia said. âIt's great to be a part of your investigation. That's why we all come in early: we want to do a good job for you.'
GalÃndez looked at her for a moment, lost for words. Then she changed the subject. âRight, I'll show you how I analyse the data.' Claudia watched as she typed commands into the software. âOK, here's a frequency table showing responses for question one. Let's see what type of obstetric unit had the highest rate of baby thefts.'
âOK,' Claudia muttered, concentrating on the tables.
GalÃndez tapped the screen with her pen. âThis table shows where the thefts occurred. The column headed
n
is the number of responses and the column headed
per cent
is the percentage of all cases each response represents.'
Q1: Facility where Child stolen
 |  |          n |       % |
1. | Public | Â Â Â Â Â 682 | Â Â Â Â 5% |
2. | Private | Â Â Â 7788 | Â Â 58% |
3. | Church | Â Â Â 4832 | Â Â 36% |
4. | Other/Not Known | Â Â Â Â Â 198 | Â Â Â Â 1% |
 |  | 13,500 | 100% |
âThere!' GalÃndez said, âyou can see at once where child thefts were most frequent.' She tapped the percentage column with the tip of her finger. âOver half of all the kids reported as stolen in these letters were stolen from private obstetric facilities and thirty-six per cent of cases involved facilities run by the Church.'
âSo why is the figure so high for private clinics?' Claudia asked.
âProbably it was easier for them to avoid scrutiny. If there were any complaints, they'd be investigated by their own staff.'
âBut couldn't the parents have gone to the
policÃa
?'
âA lot did,' said GalÃndez. âBut the police were often corrupt and didn't investigate. Some police officers were even involved in the thefts. In any case, doctors and medical staff back in Franco's day had very high social standing. It was hard to challenge their authority.'
Claudia glanced at her. âDid you think life was really so bad during the dictatorship?'
âI wouldn't know.' GalÃndez smiled. âI was born eight years after Franco died.'
Claudia's expression suggested she wasn't sure when that was and GalÃndez had the feeling she'd just been reclassified as old. She was still considering that when something touched the back of her neck. Startled, she turned, surprised to find the students crowded behind her, watching her impromptu demonstration of data analysis. Engrossed in her work, she hadn't even been aware of them leaving their seats. A few were holding up their phones, capturing on-screen events for later viewing.
One of the students raised her hand. âMay we ask questions now, Doctora GalÃndez?'
âI suppose.' GalÃndez nodded.
She spent the next ten minutes dealing with questions about methods, about using the software and discussing the problems researchers encountered with various types of data. As she got onto the topic of advanced data analysis techniques, she decided to call a halt to things.
âWill you be demonstrating those techniques later?' someone asked. It took GalÃndez a moment to identify the source of the voice, finally realising it came from one of the students sitting cross-legged at her feet.
âWe still have more letters to code first. When you've finished entering them, I'll take you through the analysis step by step if you want.'
The students' enthusiastic response told her the answer to that.
âYou love your work, don't you?' Claudia said as the students went back to their desks and started work again. âNot everyone likes to share their knowledge like you do.'
GalÃndez looked at her, surprised. Knowledge was the only thing she was willing to share with anyone these days.
âWhere is everybody?' Isabel asked, seeing the empty room.
GalÃndez looked up from a desk filled with piles of printouts, the tables and figures circled and annotated in red ink. âThere's a compulsory lecture for the statistics students this afternoon,' she said. âAnd Claudia went home, she felt ill.'
âNo wonder, after the amount she drank last night.' Isabel smiled. âShe'll sleep it off, that's one of the great things about being young.'
âIf you say so.' GalÃndez's fingers rattled on the keyboard and the printer stuttered into life, spilling new sheets of graphs and tables across the desk.
Isabel came nearer. âLooks like you've been busy.'
âSo have you, I hear,' GalÃndez said, without looking up.
âAre you still mad at me, Ana?'
âSince you ask, I don't think much of your behaviour,' GalÃndez said. âIt was inappropriate.'
âI put my arm round you. No one died. Can't we move on?'
GalÃndez finally looked up. âI'm talking about you taking Claudia out, getting her drunk and then spending the night with her. She's a student. That's the sort of thing Luisa would do.'
âClaudia spent the night at my place because she was blind drunk.' Isabel laughed. âI told her to slow down but you know what? She's twenty-two. That's what people do when they're at university. She gave GalÃndez a long look. âNormally.'
GalÃndez looked down at her screen. âEven so.'
âWhat?' Isabel sighed, exasperated. âI phoned her boyfriend this morning and he came over to pick her up.'
âBoyfriend?' GalÃndez saved her file. âYou shouldn't have let her drink so much.'
â
Por Dios
, she's young. Didn't you ever get wasted when you were at uni?'
âNot really.' She frowned. âOnce or twice.' She saw Isabel's look. âA few times, maybe.'
âFeel free to apologise.' Isabel pulled up a chair. âI think you're jealous because I went out and had a good time while you were home poring over trichotomous outcomes.'
âDichotomous actually,' GalÃndez muttered.
âCome on, loosen up, Ana,' Isabel said. âThis investigation is depressing enough without us being miserable. You're usually happy when you're knee-deep in figures.'
âSomeone's got to do it.' GalÃndez gave her a reluctant smile. âBut you're right about not letting it get us down.' She pointed to one the papers on her desk, a set of tables, surrounded by scrawled notes in red ink and flurries of exclamation marks. âWe've got all the letters coded now, it's starting to get exciting.'
âExciting?' Isabel looked dubiously at the printouts. âYou'd better explain it to me. Though without the numbers.' She noticed something lurking under one of GalÃndez's printouts. âAnd if you're leaving that sandwich, I'll have it.'
GalÃndez retrieved the plate from under her papers and pushed it across the desk.
âSo, what is it you've been doing?' Isabel asked.
âLogistic regression.' GalÃndez pointed to the printout. âIt identifies items of data that predict a particular outcome like yes or no, buy or don't buy, that kind of thing. In our data the outcome is whether or not parents who made a complaint about their child's death were killed after the letter was sent.'
Isabel's eyes widened. âStrangely, Ana, I understood that. Keep it at that level.'
GalÃndez leaned forward, using her pen to point to the figures in the table. âOut of all the factors we've got in our database, six things most accurately predict the subsequent death of the parents. The likelihood of getting these results by chance is about one in a hundred thousand. Since it's highly unlikely they occurred randomly, we can infer there's a relationship between the type of clinic and the death of the parents.'
Factors in Letters Increasing the Likelihood of Parental Death
 | Sig. | Odds Ratio | Change in Likelihood of death |
Private Clinic | *** | 2.0Â Â | + 100% |
Church-run Clinic | *** | 1.8Â Â | Â Â Â +80% |
Single mother | *** | 1.7Â Â | Â Â Â +70% |
Threat to complain to media | *** | 1.47 | Â Â Â +47% |
Complaint to PolicÃa/Guardia | *** | 1.36 | Â Â Â +36% |
Working Class | *** | 1.25 | Â Â Â +25% |
*** p < .0001 | Â | Â | Â |
âWhich is good, right?'
âIt suggests the deaths weren't random,' GalÃndez agreed. âIt's not conclusive proof.'
âAnd what does that thing, the Odds Ratio mean?'
âIt's an indication of how much a particular factor affects the likelihood of the outcome,' said GalÃndez. âIf the Odds Ratio is one, there's no change in outcome. If it's less than one, the likelihood of the outcome is reduced and an Odds Ratio greater than one indicates an increase in the likelihood of the outcome.'
GalÃndez saw Isabel's dazed expression. âOK, look at the column on the far right. It shows the percentage change in the likelihood of parental death. See what I mean? If someone's baby was stolen in a private clinic, the odds of them being killed goes up by a hundred per cent; in a clinic run by the Church, the odds are increased by eighty per cent. Parents who threatened to complain to the media also had a forty-seven per cent increased likelihood of dying and those who complained to the police or
guardia civil
increased their chances of death by thirty-six per cent. Lastly, working-class parents had a twenty-five per cent greater increase in the odds of the parents dying.'
â
Jesús Cristo
,
'
Isabel muttered. âYou can explain all that from a set of numbers?'
âIt's not proof, but it shows we should focus our investigation on private clinics.'
Isabel peered at the screen. âSo why are single mothers more likely to be killed?'
GalÃndez shrugged. âIt's just conjecture, but I'd say because it's because they'd be more vulnerable and easier to get at.'
âCan we use these to get the people running the clinics arrested?'
âIt will take too long,' GalÃndez said. âWe have to make the case to the prosecutor. Then we'd have to obtain warrants to examine their records.' She chewed her lip. âRosario Calderón wants our findings before the election.'
âBut that's only a few weeks away,' said Isabel. âWe can't check out all the clinics and hospitals in Madrid in that time.'
âWe won't need to. Calderón wants something to illustrate what happened. As long as we can present clear-cut evidence about our findings, she'll have to set up an inquiry or send in the police. Then she'll get her wish â it will make her look good.'