The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt (155 page)

5
NYH
, May 2, 1878.

6
CJV to George Terry fold. 26, box 59, ser. 13, Colt Family Papers, Special Collections, University Libraries, University of Rhode Island; Family Record, WFP;
Richmond County Advance
, April 15, 1882;
NYT
, April 3, 1882, May 5, 1885.

7
NYT
, December 8, 1885. The Colt Papers include voluminous documents related to CJV's final bankruptcy.

8
Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency: December 4, 1876
(Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1876), 45–69; Richard Franklin Bensel,
Yankee Leviathan: The Origins of Central State Authority in America, 1859–1877
(New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 268–74. The population estimate for 1876 is extrapolated from census data for 1870 and 1880.

9
Forbes
, September 17, 2008; “Money Stock Measures,” November 13, 2008, Federal Reserve Statistical Release,
http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h6/current/
. The Federal Reserve has ceased to publish M3 statistics.

10
CFA to George E. Crocker, August 7, 1888, Charles Francis Adams Papers, Rare Books and Manuscripts Department, Boston Public Library; Jean Strouse,
Morgan: American Financier
(New York: Random House, 1999), 195–9; Alfred D. Chandler Jr., ed.,
The Railroads; The Nation's First Big Business: Sources and Readings
(New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1965), 45; Alfred D. Chandler Jr. and Stephen Salsbury “The Railroads: Innovators in Modern Business Administration,” in Bruce Mazlish,
The Railroad and the Space Program: An Exploration in Historical Analogy
(Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1965), 127–62. Strouse's excellent account is marred by one error: she writes of the New York Central as a family-owned company and of Morgan taking it public, whereas it always was a publicly traded corporation in which the Vanderbilts simply owned a majority of the stock.

11
Strouse, 198–9;
NYS
, December 9, 1885.

12
Strouse, 224–5.

13
Louis Auchincloss,
The Vanderbilt Era: Profiles of a Gilded Age
(New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1989), 41. For a fine portrait of the successive generations of the Vanderbilt family, see Arthur T. Vanderbilt II,
Fortune's Children: The Fall of the House of Vanderbilt
(New York: Morrow, 1989).

14
NYT
, March 19, 2006.

Primary Source Bibliography

UNPUBLISHED PRIMARY SOURCES

Albany Institute for History and Art, Albany, New York

Erastus Corning I Papers

New York Central Railroad Collection

American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts

Comstock Family Papers

Richard Ward Greene Papers

Baker Library, Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts

Erie Railway Company Collection

Records of R. G. Dun & Co.

Western Union Telegraph Company Collection

Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, California

Joseph N. Allen Diary

H. H. Bancroft Collection

H. H. Bancroft Notes on the Vanderbilt Family

Papers Concerning the Filibuster War

Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

James F. Joy Papers, Henry B. Joy Historical Research Collection

Rare Books and Manuscripts Department, Boston Public Library, Boston, Massachusetts

Charles Francis Adams Papers

William Lloyd Garrison Papers

Victoria Woodhull-Martin Papers

Butler Library, Columbia University, New York, New York

James Buchanan Papers, Microfilm Copy

California Historical Society, San Francisco, California

Winchester Papers

Carl A. Kroch Library, Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

Frederick Gardiner to Charles Gill, September 6, 1838

Detroit Public Library, Detroit, Michigan

Burton Historical Collection

James F. Joy Papers

Mrs. F. A. Vanderbilt Papers

Archives and Special Collections, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey

Gibbons Family Papers

Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

“Memoir of Alva Murray Smith Vanderbilt Belmont,” Matilda Young Papers

Hanson A. Risley Papers

Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History New-York Hstorical Society, New York, New York

Aaron Burr, “Of the Validity of the Laws Granting Livingston & Fulton the Exclusive Right of Using Fire and Steam to Propel Boats or Vessels”

John P. Hale to Charles Sumner, March 18, 1854

Horace Greeley to William P. Fessenden, October 4, 1864

Horace Greeley, E. D. Morgan et al. to William P. Fessenden, October 10, 1864

Horace Greeley to William P. Fessenden, December 1, 1864

Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware

Central Railroad Company of New Jersey Papers

Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Samuel L. M. Barlow Papers

Lauriston Hall Papers

Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, District of Columbia

Chester A. Arthur Papers

Nathaniel P. Banks Papers

Baring Brothers Archive, Microfilm Copy

John M. Clayton Papers

Hamilton Fish Papers

Benjamin B. French Papers

Abraham Lincoln Papers

William L. Marcy Papers

Hiram Paulding Papers

Reid Family Papers

Edwin M. Stanton Papers

John Hill Wheeler Papers

Department of Literary and Historical Manuscripts, Morgan Library, New York, New York

Cyrus W. Field Collection

J. P. Morgan Letterpress Books

National Archives, College Park, Maryland

Diplomatic Instructions of the Department of State, 1801–1906: Central American States, vol. 15, May 29, 1833–July 25, 1858, Microfilm Publication M77

Costa Rican Claims Convention of July 2, 1860, Record Group 76

National Archives, Washington, District of Columbia

Letters Received by the Secretary of the Navy from Commanding Officers of Squadrons, 1841–1886, Microfilm Publication M89

Internal Revenue Assessment Lists for New York and New Jersey, 1862–1866, Microfilm Publication M603

U.S. Military Academy Application Papers, Microfilm Publication M688

Custom House Records, Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, Record Group 41

Letter Books of U.S. Naval Officers, March 1778–July 1908, Record Group 45

Records of the Office of the Judge Advocate General (Army), Record Group 153

National Archives, New York, New York

New York Tax Assessment Lists, 1867–1873, Record Group 58

Old Records Division, New York County Clerk's Office, New York, New York

John De Forest and Cornelius Vanderbilt Jr. vs. Daniel Morgan
, April 5, 1817, file 1817-#337, Court of Common Pleas

Cornelius Vanderbilt and Cornelius Vanderbilt Jr. vs. Phineas Carman and Cornelius P. Wyckoff
, May 26, 1817, file 1817-#1201, Court of Common Pleas

Aaron Ogden v. Thomas Gibbons
, December 4, 1819, file O-109, Court of Chancery

Fitz G. Halleck v. Daniel Drew
, March 15, 1820, file 1820-#479, Court of Common Pleas

John R. Livingston v. Cornelius Vanderbilt
, December 28, 1822, file L J-1822-V-18, Supreme Court Judgments

John Adams, Treasurer of New York Hospital, v. Cornelius Vanderbilt
, June 27, 1826, file 1820-#20, Court of Common Pleas

Cornelius Vanderbilt v. Patrick Rice
, November 26, 1827, file 1827-#1300, Court of Common Pleas

Patrick Rice v. Cornelius Vanderbilt
, November 26, 1827, file 1827-#1671, Court of Common Pleas

Walter Blair v. Daniel Drew
, March 10, 1831, file 1831-#87, Court of Common Pleas

Charles Hoyt v. John Brooks Jr
., May 8, 1833, file BM 2163-H, Court of Chancery

James Ingham and James Leslie v. Cornelius Vanderbilt
, December 15, 1834, file 1834- #756, Court of Common Pleas

Nestor Houghton v. Cornelius Vanderbilt
, August 10, 1837, file BM V016-H, Court of Chancery

James Guyon and Cornelius Vanderbilt v. Moulton Bullock, James W. Otis, and Jonathan
Prescott Hall
, March 16, 1838, file BM 1404-G, Court of Chancery

Cornelius Vanderbilt v. John W. De Grauw and Jane, His Wife, Walter N. DeGrauw, John J
.
Stephens, and Others
, May 30, 1839, file D CH 104-V, Court of Chancery

Cornelius Vanderbilt v. John Martineau and Eliza, His Wife, and Anna B. Cook, Executrix
of Richard M. Cook, Deceased
, September 13, 1839, file D CH 100-V, Court of Chancery

Joseph Tobey v. Cornelius Vanderbilt
, October 15, 1839, file 1839-# 1291, Superior Court

Daniel Drew v. Bates Cooke
, September 8, 1840, file BM 1233-D, Court of Chancery

Richmond Turnpike Company v. Oliver Vanderbilt
, July 24, 1841, file BM 4–42, Court of Chancery

State of Indiana v. Daniel Drew, Nelson Robinson, Eli Kelly, Milton Stapp, William S. Dunham, and David Leavit
, August 20, 1841, file BM 19-I, Court of Chancery

Isaac Schuyler v. Daniel Drew, Nelson Robinson & Co
., October 27, 1841, file BM S-476, Court of Chancery

Richmond Turnpike Company v. Oliver Vanderbilt
, July 11, 1842, file L.J.-1842-N-66, Supreme Court Law Judgments

Daniel Drew and Isaac Newton v. New York and Erie Rail Road Company
, September 10, 1842, file 1842-#331, Superior Court

Oroondates Mauran and Cornelius Vanderbilt v. Morris Woolf
May 11, 1843, file 1843- #814, Court of Common Pleas, NYCC

Phebe Vanderbilt v. Charles M. Simonson and His Wife, John K Vanderbilt and Charles M
.
Simonson Junior, Executors, and Mary Simonson, Executrix of the Last Will and Testament
of Cornelius Simonson, Deceased, and John K Vanderbilt
, April 27, 1844, file D CH-177-
V
, Court of Chancery

Jacob H. Vanderbilt and John Vanderbilt v. the People of the State of New York
, May 10, 1844, file PL-1844-P-424, Supreme Court Pleadings

People of the City of New York v. Jacob H. Vanderbilt
, December 19, 1844, file 1844-#771, Court of Common Pleas

Cornelius Vanderbilt v. Henry N. Caldwell
, March 4, 1845, file 1845-#1669, Court of Common Pleas

New York, Providence, and Boston Rail Road Company v. Elisha Peck, Richard M. Blatchford
,
James Foster Jr., Henry G. Stebbins, Matthew Morgan, Samuel Jaudon, and William S
.
Wetmore
, January 3, 1848, file PL-1848-N-4, Supreme Court Pleadings

Curtis Peck v. Daniel Drew
, January 31, 1848, file PL-1848-P 256, Supreme Court Pleadings

Isaac Spencer Jr. v. Daniel Drew, Nelson Robinson, Robert W. Kelley, and Daniel B. Allen
, March 20, 1848, file 1848-#951A, Court of Common Pleas

Nelson Robinson, Robert W. Kelley, and Daniel B. Allen v. Daniel Drew and Isaac Newton
, file PL-1848-R, June 27, 1848, Supreme Court Pleadings

Oliver Vanderbilt v. the Richmond Turnpike Company
, July 17, 1848, file 1848-#1238, Superior Court

Nelson Robinson, Robert W. Kelley, and Daniel B. Allen v. Daniel Drew and Isaac Newton
, file PL-1848-R 2, November 2, 1848, Supreme Court Pleadings

Curtis Peck v. Daniel Drew
, January 7, 1850, file PL-1850-P-3, Supreme Court Pleadings, NYCC

Russell Sturgis v. George Law and Alanson P. St. John
, March 27, 1850, 1850–922, Superior Court

Daniel B. Allen, Jeremiah Simonson, William McLean, Alexander H. Britton, William H
Vanderbilt, Nathaniel Hayward, Henry Anderson, John Peck, and the Said Daniel B. Allen
,
Jacob H Vanderbilt, and James Brady, Trustees of the California Navigation Company of
New York v. James H Fisk and Cornelius Vanderbilt
, January 24, 1851, file PL-1851-A 17, Supreme Court Pleadings

Cornelius Vanderbilt vs. George Law and Others
, August 16, 1851, file CV-V-20, Supreme Court Pleadings