The Interstellar Age (43 page)

JPL.
See
Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)

JUICE
(Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer),
126

Juno
mission,
130

Jupiter

Bell’s childhood telescope viewings,
13

Cassini
mission,
129
–130

discovery of,
103
–104

Flandro’s gravity assist research,
43
–46

Galileo
mission,
25
–26,
51
,
120
,
124
,
126
,
129
,
189
,
237

Great Red Spot,
103
–104,
128
–129

internal structure,
208

Juno
mission,
130

magnetic field,
54
,
73
,
110
,
130
,
178

moons,
103
,
104
,
107
,
108
,
109
,
111
,
114
–128,
130
–132,
166
–167,
241
,
243

New Horizons
mission,
130

Pioneer
mission,
73
,
103

ring discovery,
128
,
144

Voyager
mission,
23
,
47
,
48
,
49
,
59
,
103
–132,
107
–108,
109
,
120
–121

Voyager’s
radio transmissions from,
63

Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE),
126

Kaguya,
237

KBOs (Kuiper belt objects),
147
,
217
–218

Kepler,
284
–288

Kohlhase, Charley,
55
,
68
–69,
105
,
106
–107,
110
,
135
,
136
,
138
,
140
,
147
–148,
159
,
182
,
200
,
201
–202,
219

Kuiper, Gerard P.,
217

Kuiper Airborne Observatory,
184

Kuiper Belt,
97
,
242

Kuiper belt objects (KBOs),
147
,
217
–218

Laplace, Pierre-Simon,
115

Lemmon, Mark,
238
–239

Le Verrier, Urbain,
43
,
192
–194,
211

LIFE
magazine,
227
,
229

Lomberg, Jon,
79
,
82
–84,
85
,
87
,
90
,
91
,
95
,
98
–99,
219
–220,
282

Lopes, Rosaly,
120

Lovell, Jim,
227
,
228

Lunar Orbiter I,
226
–227

Magellan,
51
,
195

Magnetic fields

Earth,
171

Ganymede,
126

heliosphere-interstellar space boundary,
246
,
249
,
254
,
256
,
257
,
259
,
261
,
262
–264,
266
,
267
,
269
,
271

Jupiter,
54
,
73
,
110
,
130
,
178

measurement tools,
16

Neptune,
200
,
209
–210

Saturn,
73
,
135
,
178

Stone’s research,
16
–17

Uranus,
37
,
170
–171,
177
–180,
185

Magnetometers,
16

Malin Space Science Systems,
39

Mariner
2
,
50

Mariner
4
,
50

Mariner
5
,
50

Mariner
6
,
50

Mariner
7
,
50

Mariner
9
,
50

Mariner
10
,
42
,
47
,
50

Mariner
11
,
61

Mariner
12
,
61

Mariner Jupiter Saturn ’77
(MJS-77),
48
,
49
–61

Marley, Bob,
95

Mars

atmosphere,
285

Curiosity
rover mission,
10
,
26
,
84

life on,
131

Mariner
flyby,
47

Opportunity
rover mission,
10
,
19
,
26
,
84
,
230
,
238
–239

Spirit
rover mission,
10
,
19
,
26
,
84
,
230
,
238
–239

Viking
program,
9
–10,
12
,
62
,
157
,
183

Mars Global Surveyor
mission,
39

Mars Observer
spacecraft,
39

Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC),
39

Mars Pathfinder
spacecraft,
10

Martin Marietta Corporation,
62

Mathematicians,
192
–193

Mauna Kea Observatories,
58
–59,
186
,
188
,
195
,
205

Maxwell, James Clerk,
135

McComas, David,
266

Medici, Cosimo de’, II,
166

Mercury

Galileo
flyby,
237

Mariner
flyby,
42
,
47
,
50

MESSENGER flyby,
237

orbiters,
26

planet designation,
243

transits in front of sun,
283

visibility from earth,
239

Voyager
photographs,
235
–236

Messages sent into space,
71
–99

“Cosmic Call,”
81

introduction,
71
–73

New Horizons,
97
–99

Pioneer
plaques,
73
–77

Voyager
Golden Record,
77
–97

MESSENGER,
237

Methane,
139
,
140
,
141
,
146
,
177
,
203
,
215

Metis,
128

Milky Way galaxy,
224
,
251
,
290
–291