The Longest War (70 page)

112
jibed with Jose Padilla
: author interview with Ali Soufan, Manhattan, New York, December 17, 2009.

112
form of simulated drowning
: the number of waterboardings on Abu Zubaydah comes from page 37 of the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Legal Counsel, Memorandum for John A. Rizzo, May 30, 2005.
http://www.fas.org/irp/agency/doj/olc/
article16.pdf
. United States Senate, Committee on Armed Services. Inquiry into the treatment of detainees in U.S. custody, November 20, 2008,
http://armed-services.senate.gov/Publications/
Detainee%20Report%20Final_April%2022%202009.pdf
.

112
did yield information
: Scott Shane, “Waterboarding used 266 times on 2 suspects,”
New York Times
, April 20, 2009.
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/20/
world/20detain.html
“subject of a front page story”; David Johnston and Philip Shenon, “Man held since August is charged with a role in Sept. 11 terror plot,”
New York Times
, December 12, 2001.

112
no specific leads
: Peter Finn and Joby Warrick, “Detainee’s harsh interrogation foiled no plots,”
Washington Post
, March 29, 2009.

112
Dozens of videotapes
: Mark Mazzetti, “U.S. says CIA destroyed 92 tapes of interrogations,”
New York Times
, March 2, 2009,
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/03/
washington/03web-intel.html
.

113
had ended, in any event, in 2003
: Joby Warrick and Dan Eggen, “Hill briefed on waterboarding in 2002,”
Washington Post
, December 9, 2007.

113
held in jails in Poland and Romania
: Council of Europe, Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, “Secret detentions and illegal transfers of detainees involving Council of Europe Member States,” June 7, 2007.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/
bsp/hi/pdfs/marty_08_06_07.pdf
.

113
“constituted torture”
: Mark Danner, “U.S. torture: voices from the black sites,”
New York Review of Books
, April 9, 2009.
http://www.nybooks.com/
articles/22530?email
.

114
“Informed Interrogator” approach
: Ali Soufan interview by author December 17, 2009, New York.

114
“dozens and dozens of people”
: Ali Soufan interview by author December 17, 2009, New York.

114
picked out eight
: Ali Soufan interview by author December 17, 2009, New York. Abu Jandal, FD-302, Federal Bureau of Investigation, pp. 59–63 and 74–81.
http://judiciary.senate.gov/press/upload/302-Abu-Jandal-Interview
-Unclassified-Part-3
. (Since removed)

114
waterboarded 183 times
: The number of waterboardings on KSM comes from page 37 of Memorandum to John Rizzo, May 30, 2005 op. cit.

114
prosecuted a group of police officers
: The case in question is U.S. v. Lee, No. 83-2675, United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit, October 12, 1984, described at length by Professor David Luban before the Senate Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight and the Courts, on May 13, 2009.

114
2002 interview with Yosri Fouda
: Yosri Fouda, interview by author, London 2002.

114
183 times
: Scott Shane, “Waterboarding used 266 times on 2 suspects,”
New York Times
, April 19, 2009,
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/20/
world/20detain.html
; Shane 2008 op. cit., and Tenet op. cit., pp. 253–255, and CIA IG Report op. cit., p. 91.

115
would be killed
: Central Intelligence Agency, Inspector General Report, “Counterterrorism Detention and Interrogation Activities,” May 7, 2004.
http://media. washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/
nation/documents/cia_report.pdf
, p. 43.

115
“used to take great pride”
: Author interview with former senior CIA official Robert Dannenberg, December 17, 2009, New York City.

115
“If it hadn’t been”
: John F. Harris et al, “Cheney warns of new attacks,” Politico.com, February 4, 2009.
http://www.politico.com/news/
stories/0209/18390.html
.

116
“In top secret meetings”
: Dick Cheney, Washington, D.C., May 21, 2009.
http://www.aei.org/docLib/Vice%20President%20Cheney
%20Remarks%205%2021%2009.pdf

116
“reporting from KSM has greatly”
: “Khalid Shaykh Mohamed: Preeminent Source On Al-Qa’ida,” July 13, 2004.
http://ccrjustice.org/files/CIA%20KSM%20
Preeminent%20Source.pdf
.

116
program was a dud
: Joby Warrick, “Suspect and a setback in al-Qaeda anthrax case,”
Washington Post
, October 31, 2006.

117
Hambali was the mastermind
: Department of Defense, Detainee Biographies, Hambali.
http://www.defenselink.mil/pdf/detaineebiographies1.pdf
, p. 3.

117
“like a white collar criminal”
: Tenet op. cit., pp. 254–255.

117
“more than a dozen”
: Peter Bergen, “Cheney’s Jihad,” ForeignPolicy.com, August 26, 2009.
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/
2009/08/26/cheneys_jihad
.

117
“Second Wave”
: Memorandum to John Rizzo op. cit.

117
“KSM launched several plots”
: Khalid Sheikh Mohammed Biography, Director of National Intelligence,
http://www.defenselink.mil/pdf/detaineebiogra
phies1.pdf
.

118
“back burner”
: Substitution for the Testimony of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, Department of Justice,
http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/
FTRIALS/moussaoui/sheikhstmt.pdf
, pp. 39–40.

118
“did not uncover any evidence”
: CIA IG Report op. cit.

118
someone that the feds had already identified
: New York Times topic page, Ali Saleh Kahlah al Marri, updated May 1, 2009,
http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/
people/m/ali_saleh_kahlah_al_marri/index.html
; and Soufan interview op. cit.

118
only four days after
: Combatant Status Review Tribunal Summary, Majid Khan, March 28, 2007, p. 12.
http://projects.nytimes.com/Guantánamo
/detainees/10020-majid-khan/documents/7/pages/203
.

118
many computers and cell phones
: NBC Nightly News, Tom Brokaw, March 3, 2003.

119
“I don’t believe”
: David Rose, “Tortured reasoning,”
Vanity Fair
, December 16, 2008.
http://www.vanityfair.com/magazine/
2008/12/torture200812?currentPage=1
; “difficult to determine”: CIA IG Report op. cit.

119
“These techniques have hurt our image”
: Joby Warrick, “Intelligence chief says methods hurt U.S.,”
Washington Post
, April 22, 2009.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/
wp-dyn/content/article/
2009/04/21/AR2009042104334_pf.html
.

119
“Clean Team”
: Josh White, Dan Eggen, and Joby Warrick, “U.S. to try 6 on capital charges over 9/11 attacks,”
Washington Post
, February 12, 2008.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/
content/story/2008/02/11/ST2008021101227.html
.

119
most well-informed American official
: Coleman interview. BBC survey: BBC World Service Poll, “World view of U.S. goes from bad to worse,” January 23, 2007.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/
pdfs/23_01_07_U.S._poll.pdf
.

120
poll the same year
: Pew Global Attitudes Project, “Global unease with major world powers,” June 26, 2007.
http://pewglobal.org/reports/pdf/256.pdf
.

121
“One by one”
: George W. Bush, Camp David, September 14, 2002.

121
ankle-high hiking boots
: United States of America v. Richard Colvin Reid, United States District Court of Massachusetts, Crim. No. 02-10013-WGY, Government’s Sentencing Memorandum, January 17, 2003.

122
“don’t be angry”
: Sentencing memorandum, USA v. Richard Colvin Reid, U.S. District Court, District of Massachusetts.
http://www.investigativeproject.org
/documents/case_docs/864.pdf
.

122
Three hours into the flight
: Sentencing memorandum op. cit.

122
at least 1,200
: David Schanzer, Charles Kurzman, Ebrahim Moosa, “Anti-terror lessons of Muslim-Americans,” Triangle Center on Terrorism and Homeland Security, p. 7.
http://sanford.duke.edu/centers/tcths/
documents/Anti-TerrorLessonsfinal.pdf
.

122
“far exceeds the interest”
: Classified declaration of Mr. Jeffery Rapp, Director, Joint Intelligence Task Force for Combating Terrorism from September 9, 2004, declassified on April 5, 2006.

123
“He was using a payphone”
: Ali Soufan, interview by author, December 17, 2009, New York.

123
plea agreement
: USA vs Ali Saleh Khalah al-Marri, Plea Agreement, filed April 3 2009 District Court for the Central District of Illinois, Peoria Division NO. 09-CR-10030.

123
Ohio trucker
: “Ohio trucker joined al-Qaeda jihad,” CNN.com, June 19, 2003; USA vs. Iyman Faris, United States District Court, Eastern District of Virginia, Alexandria Division, Statement of Facts.
http://news.findlaw.com/cnn/docs/
faris/usfaris603sof.pdf
. Christopher Dickey,
Securing the City
op. cit., pp. 85–87.

123
Always dreaming up
: Kevin Mayhood, “Man linked to al-Qaeda wants to void plea deal,”
Columbus Dispatch
, February 27, 2005. February 2003: Andrew Welsh-Huggins,
Material Support: A Midwest Al-Qaida Case and the U.S. War on Homegrown Terror
(Ohio University Press, 2011).

124
three North African Muslim men
: David Johnston and Paul Zielbauer, “3 held in Detroit after aircraft diagrams are found,”
New York Times
, September 20, 2001.
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/U.S./nation-challenged
-investigation-3-held-detroit-after-aircraft-diagrams-are-found.html
;
“suspected of having knowledge”: John Ashcroft, October 31, 2001, Department of Justice, Washington, D.C.

124
known con man
: Bennett L. Gershman, “How Juries Get it Wrong—Anatomy of the Detroit Terror Case,”
Washburn Law Journal
, Vol. 44, 2005.
http://ssrn.com/abstract=1292894
. “Ex-cabbie to help in terrorism case,”
Chicago Tribune
, April 5, 2003.
http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2003-04-05/news
/0304050295_1_terrorism-case-youssef-hmimssa-terrorists
.

124
“What a lovely view!”
: Danny Hakim, “Final Arguments Start in Trial Of 4 Arabs in Terrorism Case,”
New York Times
, May 20, 2003.

124
“just like a tourist tape”
: Ron Hansen quoted in Adam Curtis,
The Power of Nightmares
, BBC, October 20–November 3, 2004.

124
Yemen’s minister of defense
: This section is based on Bennett L. Gershman, “How Juries Get it Wrong—Anatomy of the Detroit Terror Case” (October 31, 2008).
Washburn Law Journal
, Vol. 44, 2005. Available at SSRN:
http://ssrn.com/abstract=1292894
.

125
the supposed al-Qaeda spy at Guantánamo
: Laura Parker, “The ordeal of Chaplain Yee,”
USA Today
, May 16, 2004.
http://www.usatoday.com/news/
nation/2004-05-16-yee-cover_x.htm
.

125
his son’s homework
: “FBI apologizes to lawyer held in Madrid bombings,” Associated Press, May 25, 2004.
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5053007/
.

125
“American Taliban”
: CNN, “People in the news,” Profile of John Walker Lindh,
http://www.cnn.com/CNN/Programs/people/shows/
walker/profile.html
.

125
tried for treason
: Evan Thomas, “A long, strange trip to the Taliban,”
Newsweek
, December 17, 2001.
http://www.newsweek.com/id/75261
.

125
enough to convict
: Jane Mayer, “Lost in the Jihad,”
New Yorker
, March 10, 2003.
http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2003/03/
10/030310fa_fact2
.

126
Lackawanna
: For more details on the Lackawanna case, see Ravi Satkalmi, “Material Support: The United States v. the Lackawanna Six,”
Studies in Conflict and Terrorism
, Vol. 28 issue 3, May/June 2005, and “The Al-Qaeda Documents,” Intel-Center ed. Ben Venzke (Tempest Publishing, 2002), p. 160.

126
married a high school cheerleader
: Ian Brown, “And justice for all,”
Globe and Mail
, September 6, 2003.

126
fueled by pizza
: Dina Temple-Raston,
The Jihad Next Door
(New York: Public Affairs, 2007), pp. 30–39.

126
spring and summer of 2001
: PBS Frontline, “Chasing the sleeper cell: chronology: the Lackawanna investigation,”
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline
/shows/sleeper/inside/cron.html
.

126
“We don’t even think”
: Matthew Purdy and Lowell Bergman, “Unclear danger,”
New York Times
, October 12, 2003, is an authoritative account of the Lackawanna case.

126
faked an ankle injury
: Temple-Raston op. cit., p. 120; kept their training a secret: Temple-Raston op. cit., pp. 184–185. washed out: Mitchell Silber and Arvin Bhatt, “Radicalization in the West,” New York Police Department,
http://www.nypdshield.org//files/22/64/19/f226419/public/SiteFiles/documents/
NYPD_Report-Radicalization_in_the_West.pdf
, p. 62.

126
“for recruiting the Yemenite youth”
: Temple-Raston op. cit., p. 24.