The Longest War (91 page)

drug trade in,
178
,
179
,
192
–93,
320

elections in,
176
,
314
,
321
,
328

lack of U.S. intelligence on,
40

Obama’s plan to stabilize,
321
–26

war against Soviets in,
7
,
8
,
10
,
13
,
14
–16,
17
,
20
,
23
,
69
,
78
,
81
,
133
,
158
,
160
–61,
162
,
177
,
179
,
190
,
240
,
316
,
320

Afghan National Security Force,
310

Afghan War,
xv
,
59
,
61
–67,
309
–34

Afghan casualties of,
217
,
316
–17

air strikes in,
186
,
313

bin Laden’s view of,
27

congressional authorization of,
59

insurgency and counterinsurgency in,
310
,
312
–13,
315
,
317
–18,
321
,
323
,
325
–26,
329
,
330
–31

Iraq War’s alleged interference with,
xvii
,
81
,
155
,
340

lack of “off-the-shelf” plans for,
54
–55

“light footprint” of U.S. in,
52
,
73
,
180
–81

official U.S. military history of,
82
,
83

peacekeeping force in,
180
–81

planning of,
52
,
54
–56,
180

reviews of,
194
–95,
321
–29

start of,
10
,
27
,
61
,
63
,
92

suicide bombers in,
183
–85,
187
,
188
–89

surge in troop numbers in,
73
,
195
–96,
314
–16,
323
–24,
327
,
333

U.S. casualties in,
67
,
80
,
264
,
326

U.S. supplying Karzai in,
63

Zarqawi in,
161
–62
see also
Tora Bora, battle of

African Union,
238

Agence France-Presse,
141

Air Force, U.S.,
45
,
80
,
124
,
144

Al-Aqsa Mosque,
32

Al Arabiya,
297

Al-Azhar University,
14
,
30
,
297

Al-Badr camp,
29

Albright, Madeleine,
41

Alexandria, Egypt,
99

al-Farouq training camp,
4
,
88

Algeria,
100
,
141

Algiers,
211

Ali, Abdullah Ahmed,
206
–7

Ali, Hazarat,
70
,
72
,
74
,
76

Al Jazeera,
7
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
61
,
84
,
92
,
114
,
119
,
188
,
217
,
341
–42,
348

Allawi, Ali,
157

Allison, Graham,
227

Allouni, Taysir,
61

Almari, Saleh,
118

al-Qaeda,
244
,
297
,
323
,
341

Afghanistan haven of,
xv
—xvi,
xvii

alleged sleeper cells of,
121
,
124
–27

anthrax program of,
116
–17

attempted terrorist acts of,
206
–9

in battle of Tora Bora,
70
–85

bin Laden’s dictatorial powers over,
25

bureaucracy of,
88
–90,
202
–3,
204

casing notes on American buildings of,
128
–29

cells in U.S. of,
49

Cole
attack of,
26
,
30
,
45
–46,
50
,
127
,
128
,
134
,
253
,
304
,
307

control over affiliates by,
211
–12

defectors from,
38

drone strikes against,
62
,
127
–28,
313
,
331
,
345
,
346
,
347

Egyptian Jihad’s merger with,
24
,
116

in escape from Tora Bora,
78
–90

founding meeting of,
18

Iraq War seen as deterrence to,
154
–55

Islamic criticism of,
298
–300

London bombings and,
199
,
201
,
206
,
239

mission statement of,
28

recruits of,
32
,
87
–88,
89
,
246

regrouping in Pakistan by,
247
–48,
255
,
262
,
322

renditions feared by,
101

in rumors of impending 9/11 attack,
4
–5

Saddam Hussein’s alleged links with,
xvii
,
43
,
51
,
52
,
132
–52,
224
,
294

“Second Wave” of attacks considered by,
117
–18,
121
–24,
128
–30,
206
–8

Somalia terrorism of,
20

strategic errors of,
xv
—xvi,
xvii

suicide bombing against CIA by,
211

Taliban’s relationship with,
89
–90

Taliban’s responsibility for crimes of,
40
–41,
51

Tora Bora settlement of,
68
–69

training camps of,
4
,
25
,
86
,
87
–88,
89
,
91
,
126
,
144
,
146
,
147
,
200
,
235
,
242

U.S. embassies in Africa bombed by,
4
,
21
,
40
,
50
,
59
,
127
,
135
,
220
,
253
,
304

weaknesses of,
300
–302

websites of,
87
,
204
,
212
–13

WMDs desired by,
213
,
214
–30,
247

Zazi,
234

Al Qaeda in Iraq,
xvi
,
158
,
160
,
164
,
167
–69,
171
,
187
–88,
210
,
211
,
267
,
268
,
270
–71,
288
,
289
,
291
,
295
,
296

Golden Mosque bombed by,
269
,
272

Al-Qaeda in Saudi Arabia,
211
–12,
300
–301

Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb,
211

Al-Quds al-Arabi
,
22

Al Shabab,
237
–39,
242

Al-Sharq al-Awsat
,
298

Alwan, Sahim,
126

American Enterprise Institute (AEI),
116
,
135
,
138
,
273
,
279
,
281
,
284

Amerine, Jason,
63
–65,
67

Amman,
210
,
300

Amriki, Abu Mansoor al-,
238

Anas, Abdullah,
15
,
297
,
298

Anbar, Iraq,
267
–68,
269
,
275

Anbar Awakening,
267
–68,
288
,
289
,
290
,
292
–93

Ani, Ahmed Khalil Ibrahim Samir al-,
142
–43,
148
–49

Annan, Kofi,
181

Ansar al-Islam,
144
–45

anthrax,
96
,
116
–17,
143
,
216
,
223

Apple, R. W. “Johnny,”
60

Armitage, Richard,
142

Arnett, Peter,
131

Ashcroft, John,
44
,
54
,
56
,
124
,
125

Asiri, Abdullah Hassan al-,
305

Atef, Mohammed,
4
,
46
,
62
,
219
–20

Atkinson, Rick,
295

Atta, Mohammed,
30
,
84
,
93
,
107
,
115
,
123
,
252

in alleged meeting with al-Ani,
142
–43,
148
–49

“Manual for a Raid” of,
31

9/11 planning by,
3
,
5

Attash, Walid bin,
253

Atwan, Abdel Bari,
69
,
85
,
340

Atyani, Bakr,
4
,
61

Aviano Air Base,
102
,
103

Awadi, Hussein al-,
293

Awdah, Salman al-,
19
,
152
,
298
–99

Axelrod, David,
313

“axis of evil,”
153

Aziz, Amer,
61

Azzam, Abdullah:

as bin Laden’s mentor,
13
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
17
,
87
,
298

Zawahiri’s differences with,
17
,
18

Azzam, Hutaifa,
87
,
160
–61

Baath Party, Iraqi,
156

Badr, battle of,
75

Badr Corps,
291

Baghdadi, Rashid al,
270

Baghdad International Airport,
160

Bagram Air Base,
71
,
81
,
187
,
188
,
346

Bahlul, Ali Hamza al-,
5
,
106

Bahrain,
127
,
225
–26

Baker, James,
281
,
282

Bakr, Abu,
75

Bakri, Mukhtar al-,
127

Balawi, Humam Khalil Abu-Mulal al-,
211

Balkan civil war,
180
,
309

Banna, Raed al-,
245

Barcelona, Spain,
210

Barno, David,
182
,
196

Barot, Dhiren,
128
,
224

Basic Principles in Making Preparations for Jihad, The
(Sharif),
299

Basit, Abdul,
136

Basra, Iraq,
292
–93

Bass, Warren,
47
–48

Batarfi, Ayman Saeed Abdullah,
75

Batarfi, Khaled,
11
,
15
,
133

BBC,
6
,
120
,
176

BBC/ABC,
316
,
329
–30

Beauty Supply Warehouse,
233
–34

Beers, Rand,
154
,
155

Beeston cell,
198

beheadings,
163
,
200

Beirut, U.S. Marines bombed in,
6

Beit al-Ansar,
29

Bennett, Gina,
36
–37,
39

Benotman, Noman,
7
,
24
,
35
,
86
,
340
–41

Berg, Nicholas,
163

Berger, Sandy,
49

Berntsen, Gary,
60
,
70
–71,
72
–73,
76
,
77
–78

Bhutto, Benazir,
262
–63,
331

Biddle, Stephen,
273
,
274
–75,
280
,
288
–89,
318

Biden, Joe,
287
,
311
,
313
,
322
–23

Bigley, Kenneth,
163

Bilal, Mohammed,
239

Binalshibh, Ramzi,
3
–4,
5
,
6
,
112
,
115
–16,
251
,
252
–53

bin Laden, Hamzah,
87

bin Laden, Muhammad,
13
–14,
32
,
34
,
62
,
78

bin Laden, Najwa,
18
,
340

bin Laden, Omar,
19
,
21
,
69
,
86
–87,
222
,
338

bin Laden, Osama,
xv
,
126
,
154
,
155
,
172
–73,
199

anti-Semitism of,
33
,
57

as assassination target,
57

Azzam as mentor to,
13
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
17
,
87

Baghdad office desired by,
151
–52

and bombing of U.S. embassies,
21
,
59

childhood of,
11
–12

conspiracy views of,
23
–24,
26
,
27

on Danish cartoons,
236

in departure from Saudi Arabia,
19
–20

dictatorial powers of,
24
–25

in escape from Tora Bora,
xvii
,
34
,
52
,
70
,
76
,
77
–79,
82
,
84
–85,
174
,
337
,
338