The Mammoth Book of King Arthur (101 page)

Matthews, John,
The Song of Taliesin
(London: Aquarian Press, 1991)

Merriman, James Douglas,
The Flower of Kings, A Study of the Arthurian Legend in England between 1485 and 1835
(Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1973)

Padel, O.J.,
Arthur in Medieval Welsh Literature
(Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000)

Roberts, Brynley F.,
Brut y Brenhinedd
(Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1971)

Roberts, Peter (translator),
The Chronicle of the Kings of Britain attributed to Tysilio
(originally 1811; facsimile reprint, Llanerch, 2000)

Thompson, Raymond H.,
The Return from Avalon
(Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985)

West, G.D.,
French Arthurian Prose Romances
(University of Toronto Press, 1978)

Whitaker, Muriel,
The Legends of King Arthur in Art
(Woodbridge: D.S. Brewer, 1990)

5. The Holy Grail and other mystical/religious subjects

Barber, Richard,
The Holy Grail, Imagination and Belief
London Allen Lane, 2004)

Butler, Alan,
The Goddess, the Grail & the Lodge
(Alresford: O Books, 2004)

Cavendish, Richard,
King Arthur & the Grail
(London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1978)

Currer-Briggs, Noel,
The Shroud and the Grail
(London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1987)

Gardner, Laurence,
Bloodline of the Holy Grail
(Shaftesbury: Element, 1996)

Gardner, Laurence,
Realm of the Ring Lords
(Ottery St. Mary: Media-Quest, 2000)

Grigsby, John,
Warriors of the Wasteland
(London: Watkins, 2002)

Hutton, Ronald,
Witches, Druids and King Arthur
(London: Hambledon & London, 2003)

Loomis, Roger Sherman,
The Grail, from Celtic Myth to Christian Symbol
(originally 1963; London: Constable, 1992)

Owen, D.D.R.,
The Evolution of the Grail Legend
(Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1968)

Phillips, Graham,
The Search for the Grail
(London: Random House, 1995)

Sinclair, Andrew,
The Discovery of the Grail
(London: Century, 1998)

6. Geographical studies

Ashe, Geoffrey,
The Traveller’s Guide to Arthurian Britain
(Glastonbury: Gothic Image, 1997)

Ashe, Geoffrey,
The Landscape of King Arthur
(Exeter: Webb & Bower, 1987)

Cameron, Kenneth,
English Place Names
(London: Batsford, 1996)

Coates, Richard,
The Place-Names of Hampshire
(London: Batsford, 1989)

Fairbairn, Neil,
A Traveller’s Guide to the Kingdoms of Arthur
(London: Evans Brothers, 1983)

Gelling, Margaret,
Place Names in the Landscape
(London: Dent, 1984)

Glennie, John S. Stuart,
Arthurian Localities
(originally 1869; reprinted Llanerch, 1994)

Hogg, A.H.A.,
Hill-Forts of Britain
(London: Hart-Davis, MacGibbon, 1975)

Jackson, Robert,
Dark Age Britain, What to See and Where
(Cambridge: Patrick Stephens, 1984)

Matthews, John and Stead, Michael J.,
King Arthur’s Britain
(London: Blandford, 1995)

McKenzie, Peter,
Camelot’s Frontier
(Morpeth: Longhirst Press, 1999)

Miller, Helen Hill,
The Realms of Arthur
(London: Peter Davies, 1970)

Mills, A.D.,
Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names
(Oxford University Press, 1991, 2003)

Rahtz, Philip & Watts, Lorna,
Glastonbury, Myth and Archaeology
(Stroud: Tempus, 1993, 2003)

Rivet, A.L.F. and Smith, Colin,
The Place-Names of Roman Britain
(London: Batsford, 1979)

Room, Adrian,
The Penguin Dictionary of British Place Names
(London: Penguin, 2003)

Stobie, Denise,
Exploring King Arthur’s Britain
(London: Collins & Brown, 1999)

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

So much has been written about Arthur and his world that it is easy to become influenced by the thoughts and findings of others, no matter how much you try to remain
independent. For that very reason I have consulted few people during the course of this book. I have made full use of the scholarship available both in the books listed in the Bibliography at the
end of this book and on the websites listed in Chapter 25, and make specific acknowledgement here to the excellent work by Leslie Alcock, John Morris, Frank Reno and Richard Barber, as well as the
contributors to Robert Vermaat’s brilliant Vortigern Studies website.

However, every author needs a lifeline and I must give special thanks to Peter Berresford Ellis and Larry Mendelsberg. Both read through the manuscript at the final stage and offered helpful
comments and observations. Peter Berresford Ellis also responded to my frequent pleas for help on the Celtic languages and translations whilst Larry Mendelsburg gave freely of his knowledge of
Arthurian literature. I am exceedingly grateful to them both.

I must also thank Gary Kronk, who kindly made available to me cometary data updated from his book
Cometography
(Cambridge University Press, 1999); Dennis Lien of the University of
Minnesota for researching data on artists and paintings; and Antony Wilson of York Coins for confirmation of data on Danish minters.

My thanks to my editors at Constable and Robinson, Krystyna Green and Peter Duncan, for their patience in letting me con
stantly revise the contractual delivery date while
watching the book grow and grow.

And, of course, my thanks and gratitude to my wife Sue who puts up with my hours of isolation as I delve amongst “all those dead people”, as she thinks of them, and then welcomes me
back to the land of the living. To her I dedicate this book, with all my love and affection.

ENDNOTES

1
. All excerpts from Gildas are adapted by the author from previous translations by J.A. Giles (1891) and Hugh Williams (1901).

2
. All extracts from Nennius are adapted by the author from the translation by J.A. Giles (1891).

INDEX

This index covers Sections 1 and 2. The chapters in Section 3 are designed as individual indexes for authors, films, characters and sites and should be consulted in addition to
the following. To avoid duplication the titles of stories and romances are entered under their English name wherever practical. Individuals known by a variety of names are entered under their most
common form of name (e.g. Guenevere, Gawain).

Adventure of the Crop–Eared Dog, The
ref 1

Adventures of the Boy Carried Off by an Eagle, The
ref 1

Aedan mac Gabhran
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
,
ref 8
,
ref 9
,
ref 10

Aegidius
ref 1
,
ref 2

Aelle of Northumbria
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Aelle of South Saxons
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
,
ref 8
,
ref 9

Aethel- for all names beginning thus, see under Athel

Aëtius
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Agitius
ref 1
,
ref 2

Agned, Mount, battle,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Agravaine
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
passim

Aircol (or Agricola) Lawhir (“Longhand”)
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Alamanni or Alemanni (tribe)
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Alaric
ref 1
,
ref 2

Alban, St
ref 1
,
ref 2
see also
St Albans

Alclud
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref
6
,
ref 7

Aldborough (Isurium)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Aldroenus or Aldwr
ref 1
,
ref 2

Alfred the Great
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
,
ref 8

Allectus
ref 1

Alleluia victory
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Althorp
Ægælesrep)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Amalech or Aballac
ref 1
,
ref 2
see also
Evelake

Amalric I of Jerusalem
ref 1
,
ref 2
; Amalric II
ref 1
,
ref 2

Ambrose, St
ref 1

Ambrosius Aurelianus (Ambrosius the Younger)
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
,
ref 8
,
ref 9
,
ref 10
,
ref
11
,
ref 12
,
ref 13
,
ref 14
,
ref 15
,
ref 16
,
ref 17
,
ref 18
,
ref 19
,
ref 20
,
ref 21
; as Aurelius Ambrosius
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Ambrosius the Elder
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

Amlawdd Wledig
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Amr or Amhar (Arthur’s son)
ref 1

Anderida
see
Pevensey

Aneirin
ref 1
passim

Anglesey
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref
6
; possibly Sorelois
ref 1

Anglo–Saxon Chronicle
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref
5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
,
ref 8
,
ref 9
,
ref 10

Anjou
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Anna, Arthur’s sister,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7

Antonine Wall
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

Arbogast
ref 1

Arcadius
ref 1

Archgallo
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Arddun
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Arderydd or Armterid, battle,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7

Armes Prydein
ref 1

Armorica (Brittany)
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref
5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
,
ref 8
,
ref 9
,
ref 10
,
ref 11
; possible
site for battles
ref 1
; as Llydaw
ref 1
; as Brittany
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Artaius
ref 1
,
ref 2

Artchorp (Art Corb)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Arthen ap Brychan
ref 1
,
ref 2

Arthfael ap Einudd
ref 1

Arthfoddw of Ceredigion
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Arthlwys of Ceredigion,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Arthmael or Armel
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Arthour and Merlin
ref 1
,
ref 2

Arthur, duke of Brittany,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Arthur, Prince, son of Henry VII
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Arthur and Gorlagon
ref 1
,
ref 2

Arthur of Badon basic legend
ref 1
; ancestry
ref 1
; and Gildas
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; battles
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; contenders
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
; children
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; likely dates x,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; meaning of names
ref
1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
; in Armorica
ref
1
; Pax Arthuriana
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; sites named after
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
see also
Chapter
ref 1
; reconstruction of life
ref 1
; grave
ref 1
;
later counterparts
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref
6
,
ref 7
; depicted in art and literature
ref 1
;
see also
Artúir mac Aedan, Artúir ap Pedr, Athrwys ap Meurig, Artúir ap
Bicor, Arthwys ap Mar, Artorius Castus
and
Riothamus. For Welsh legends see chapter
ref 1
, for the story according to Geoffrey of Monmouth see chapter
ref 1
, for the later romances see chapters
ref 1
, for
Morte d’Arthur
see chapter
ref 1
.