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Authors: Bruce J. Hillman,Birgit Ertl-Wagner,Bernd C. Wagner

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Fundamental ideas and problems with the theory of relativity. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1921/einstein-lecture.html

Grandin, K., director of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science Center for the History
of Science. Personal communication. Letter from Philipp Lenard complaining about Albert
Einstein being awarded the Nobel Prize.

Hughs, V. (2006, September). Einstein vs. the Nobel Prize: Why the Nobel Committee
repeatedly dissed this “world-bluffing Jewish physicist.”
Discover
. Retrieved from http://discovermagazine.com/2006/sep/einstein-nobel-prize/

Chapter 9: Dangerous Choices
and
Chapter 10: Lenard and Hitler

Ash, M. G., & Sollner, A. (1996).
Forced migration and scientific change: Émigré German-speaking scientists and scholars
after 1933
. Berlin: German Historical Institute.

Beer hall putsch. Retrieved from http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/putsch2.htm

Cornwell, J. (2004).
Hitler’s scientists: Science, war, and the devil’s pact
. New York: Penguin.

Erwin Schroedinger. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1933/schrodinger-bio.html

Gustav von Kahr. Retrieved from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_von_Kahr

Hentschel, K. (2011). [The Hitler Spirit and Science; Max von Laue’s review of Johannes
Stark’s “The current crisis in German physics”; Albert von Brunn’s review of “100
authors against Hitler”]. In
Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources
. Basel: Birkhäuser.

Hitler, A. [Letters to Philipp Lenard]. Philipp Lenard’s bequest, archives of the
Deutsches Museum, Munich, Germany, Box NL Lenard 2012-7a.

Hitler speech on Enabling Act 1933: Complete text: The last day of the Weimar Republic.
Retrieved from http://worldfuturefund.org/Reports2013/hitlerenablingact.htm

The law that enabled Hitler’s dictatorship. Retrieved from http://www.dw.de/the-law-that-enabled-hitlers-dictatorship/a-16689839

Lenard, P. [Transcription by Mr. Pleissen of a speech given by Lenard in Heidelberg,
spring 1922, sent to Philipp Lenard’s Heidelberg address on November 9, 1936]. Philipp
Lenard’s bequest, archives of the Deutsches Museum, Munich, Germany, Folder 3 NL Lenard
2012

Lenard, P.
Lenard’s Faelschungs-Buch
[a red notebook with a handwritten title in red pencil on the first page, “Faelschungs-Buch
(Autobiogr. wichtig)]. Philipp Lenard’s bequest, archives of the Deutsches Museum,
Munich, Germany, Folder 3 NL Lenard 2012.

Loewenstein, A. Pragmatic and dogmatic physics: Anti-Semitism in
Nature
, 1938. Retrieved from http://www.relativitycalculator.com/pdfs/critique_nature_magazine.pdf

Morris, D. G. (2005).
Justice imperiled; The anti-Nazi lawyer Max Hirschberg in Weimar Germany
. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Physik und Politik. (1922, June 30).
Neue Zürcher Zeitung
, (860). (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

Religious views of Adolf Hitler. Retrieved from http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_religious_views

Schoenbeck, C. (2012).
Albert Einstein und Philipp Lenard: Antipoden im Spannungsfeld von Physik und Zeitgeschichte
(Trans. Brian Stamm). Bayreuth, Germany: Springer.

Walker, M. (1995). Nazi science: Myth, truth, and the German atomic bomb. Retrieved
from http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/nscience/nscience01.htm

Chapter 11:
Deutsche Physik

Albert Einstein: Pacifism and Zionism. Retrieved from http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/einstein/section8.rhtml

Hentschel, K. (2011). [Foreword to
Deutsche Physik
; Organization of Physical Research; A big day for science: Johannes Stark appointed
president of the PTR. In
Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources
. Basel: Birkhäuser.

Manifesto of the 93 German Intellectuals. Retrieved from http://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Manifesto_of_the_Ninety-Three_German_Intellectuals

Max Planck. Retrieved from http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/planck/section5.rhtml

The Rape of Belgium. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rape_of_Belgium

Walker, M. (1995). Nazi science: Myth, truth, and the German atomic bomb. Retrieved
from http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/nscience/nscience01.htm

Wolff, S. L. (2003). Physicists in the “Krieg der Geister”: Wilhelm Wien’s “Proclamation.”
Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences, 33
(2), 337–368.

Wolff, S. L. (2006). Die Ausgrenzung und Vertreibung von Physikern im Nationalsozialismus—welche
Rolle spielte die DPG? In D. Hoffmann & M. Walker (Eds.),
Physiker zwischen Autonomie und Anpassung
(pp. 91–138). Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH.

Chapter 12: Academic Impurities

Albert Einstein. Retrieved from http://www.princetonhistory.org/collections/albert-einstein.cfm

Anti-Jewish legislation in pre-war Germany. Retrieved from http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005681

Ash, M. G., & Sollner, A. (1996).
Forced migration and scientific change: Émigré German-speaking scientists and scholars
after 1933
. Berlin: German Historical Institute.

Bentwich, N. (1953).
Rescue and achievement of refugee scholars
. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.

Beyerchen, A. D. (1980).
Wissenschaftler unter Hitler
. Cologne: Kiepenheuer & Witsch. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

The Born Einstein Letters. Retrieved from http://archive.org/stream/TheBornEinsteinLetters/Born-TheBornEinsteinLetters_djvu.txt

Der “Vater der Wasserstoffbombe” ist tot. Retrieved from http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/edward-teller-der-vater-der-wasserstoffbombe-ist-tot-1.931841

Edward Teller. Retrieved from http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-28591090.html

Edward Teller. Retrieved from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Teller

Edward Teller. Retrieved from http://education.llnl.gov/archives/edward-teller#1

Edward Teller. Retrieved from http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Edward_Teller

Fritz Haber. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_Haber

Hentschel, K. (2011). [Introduction; Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil
Service; First Ordinance on the Implementation of the Law for the Restoration of the
Professional Civil Service; Fritz Haber’s letter of resignation to Minister Rust;
Johannes Stark’s personal evaluations of G. Hertz and R. Gans for the German University
Lecturers Association; Goettingen University lecturers; Professor Franck’s resignation;
W. Heisenberg’s letter to Max Born; My Audience with Adolf Hitler]. In
Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources
. Basel: Birkhäuser.

Ivry, B. (2011, November 25). The man who outsainted Einstein [James Franck material].
Jewish Daily Forward
. Retrieved from http://forward.com/articles/146281/the-man-who-out-sainted-einstein/

James Franck. Retrieved from http://www.aip.org/history/acap/biographies/bio.jsp?franckj

James Franck. Retrieved from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Franck

James Franck, Letter of resignation to the rector of the Georg-August University in
Goettingen. Retrieved from https://www.uni-goettingen.de/de/brief-von-james-franck-an-den-rektor-der-georg-august-universitaet-vom-17-april-1933/85743.html
(Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

Max Born. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Born

Obituary of James Franck. Retrieved from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Nachruf_Franck_1964_G%C3%B6ttingen.jpg

Reich Chancellery. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reich_Chancellery

Teller vs. Pauling. Retrieved from http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/coll/pauling/peace/video/1958v.3.html

Walker, M. (1995). Nazi science: Myth, truth, and the German atomic bomb. Retrieved
from http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/nscience/nscience01.htm

Chapter 13: Some Say by Fire, Others Ice

Cornwell, J. (2004).
Hitler’s scientists: Science, war, and the devil’s pact
. New York: Penguin Books.

Goudsmit, S. A. (1986).
Alsos
. New York: Tomash.

Heinrich Himmler. Retrieved from http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Heinrich_Himmler

Hentschel, K. (2011). [Introduction; W. Menzel: German physics and Jewish physics;
W. Heisenberg: On the article “German physics and Jewish physics”; Das Schwarze Korps
white Jews in science; J. Stark comment on W. Heisenberg’s reply; J. Stark: Science
is politically bankrupt; Heinrich Himmler letter to Werner Heisenberg]. In
Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources
. Basel: Birkhäuser.

Himmler: A mommy’s boy monster. Retrieved from http://www.express.co.uk/expressyourself/284679/Himmler-A-mummy-s-boy-monster

Holton, G. Werner Heisenberg and Albert Einstein. Retrieved from http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samuels/214/other/news/Holton.html

Walker, M. (1995). Nazi science: Myth, truth, and the German atomic bomb. Retrieved
from http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/nscience/nscience01.htm

Werner Heisenberg. Retrieved from http://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/scientists/heisenberg

Werner Heisenberg. Retrieved from http://www.fampeople.com/cat-werner-heisenberg_6

Epilogue

Albert Einstein. Retrieved from http://www.cssforum.com.pk/off-topic-section/general-knowledge-quizzes-iq-tests/6849-albert-einstein.html

Dr. Albert Einstein dies in sleep at 76; world mourns loss of great scientist. Retrieved
from http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0314.html

Lacayo, R., & Editors of
Time
. (2014).
Albert Einstein: The enduring legacy of a modern genius
. New York: Time.

Letter from Albert Einstein to FDR, 8/2/39. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/primary-resources/truman-ein39/

Einstein to Roosevelt, August 2, 1939. Retrieved from http://www.dannen.com/ae-fdr.html

Johanna Fantova. Retrieved from http://www.menscheinstein.de/biografie/biografie_jsp/key=3166.html
(Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

Letters from alums about Albert Einstein in Princeton Alumni Weekly. Retrieved from
http://www.princeton.edu/paw/web_exclusives/more/more_letters/letters_einstein

Schirrmacher, A. (2010).
Philipp Lenard: Erinnerungen eines Naturforschers: Kritische annotierte Ausgabe des
Originaltyposkriptes von 1931/1943
. Berlin: Springer. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

Acknowledgments

The authors are pleased to thank a number of individuals who made important contributions
to
The Man Who Stalked Einstein
.

Foremost among these is Pam Wexler Hillman, who listened to her husband read the entire
book aloud, chapter by chapter, sometimes more than once, before turning out the lights
at night. Her comments helped identify ambiguous and hard-to-understand passages and
improved the quality of the writing.

None of us had ever had an agent for anything, but serendipity led us to a great one.
Claire Gerus believed in the project from the beginning, encouraged us, advised us
through the writing process, and continues to serve our interests in this and future
projects.

We were assigned a wonderful editor, lost him following a buyout of our initial publisher,
and found him again. Jon Sternfeld’s vision matched our own. Perhaps more important,
he has a remarkable knack for simultaneously encouraging our best work while pointing
out how something could be improved. Absent Jon’s efforts, this book would be a lesser
work.

We are grateful for the efforts on our behalf of Ronald Coleman and his colleagues
at the library of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum for their assistance in getting
us started on the research that eventually led to this book.

Professors Hans Ringertz and Per Carlson helped us to connect with Professor Karl
Grandin, director of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science Center for the History of
Science, who provided us with background on Philipp Lenard’s Nobel Prize and shared
Lenard’s letter to the Academy disputing Einstein’s selection for the 1921 Nobel Prize.

Dr. Alan Matsumoto, chair of the Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging at the
University of Virginia, encouraged the writing of this book and supported the endeavor.

Dr. Wilhelm Fuessl, head of the archives of the Deutsches Museum in Munich, granted
us access to archived boxes of Lenard’s personal documents and laboratory books. Some
of this material found its way into these pages. Brian Stamm translated into English
a critical journal article by Charlotte Schoenbeck, “Albert Einstein und Philipp Lenard:
Antipoden im Spannungsfeld von Physik und Zeitgeschichte.”

Finally, we thank the Charlottesville, Virginia, writing critique group to which Bruce
belonged for a number of years—Sharon Hostler, Susan Guerrant, Gerry Kruger, Marian
Dewalt, Peggy Brown, Sharon Davies, and Linn Harrison—who did their best to help him
learn to write.

Index
A
Academic Assistance Council,
1
,
2
aid societies,
1.1
-
1.2
Albert I,
1
Almanac of Radioactivity and Electronics
,
1.1
-
1.2
American Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced Scholars,
1
Anderson, Marian,
1
Annalen der Physik
,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
Anschluss (1938),
1
anti-relativity campaigns,
1
,
2
,
3.1
-
3.2
,
4
,
5.1
-
5.2
,
6
,
7.1
-
7.2
,
8
,
9
,
10
BOOK: The Man Who Stalked Einstein
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