The Mapmaker's Wife (57 page)

Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies, A
(Las Casas),
54–55
,
289

Shyri Nation,
94

Slavery/slaves,
45
,
60
,
63
,
67
,
76
,
80
,
89
,
175
,
206
,
212
,
215
,
226
,
226(n)
,
229
,
244
,
285

enslavement of Indians,
140
,
180
,
182
,
193
,
228

Smallpox,
40
,
50
,
191
,
198
,
226
,
238
,
244
,
291

Snakes,
227–228
,
228(n)
,
242
,
247
,
248
,
251

Snell, Willebrord,
15
,
24

Sound, speed of,
125
,
163

Space,
22
,
23(illus.)

Spain,
32
,
34–38
,
53–56
,
60
,
62
,
69
,
81
,
94
,
99
,
100
,
107
,
166(n)
,
176
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
199
,
214
,
229
,
289
,
290

Casa de Contratación
,
53

labor legislation for colonies,
137–138
.
See also
Mita labor service

Spanish Inquisition,
55
,
61
,
72

Spruce, Richard,
237
,
238
,
241
,
251
,
255–256

Starvation,
260–262
.
See also
Dehydration

Stirling, James,
127

Strabo,
10
,
11

Suarez, Antonio,
102

Suasti, Juan,
262
,
263
,
264–265
,
275
,
276
,
301

Tapada
,
153

Tarabita,
122

Tarqui, plain of,
133
,
147
,
148
,
164
,
184

Taxes,
152
,
170
,
199
,
217

Teixeira, Pedro,
180
,
181

Telescopes,
188

Tequendama Falls,
158
,
159(illus.)

Teresa de Jesus of Ávila, Saint,
153

Textiles,
170
,
172
,
199
,
217

They Survived: A Study of the Will to Live
(Noyce),
271

Tiira, Ensio,
272

Time, measurement of,
11
.
See also
Pendulum clocks

Tirant lo Blanch
,
36
,
38

Topo River,
237

Torricelli, Evangelista,
68

Travelogues,
56
,
60
,
75

Treatise of the Figure of the Earth
(Eisenschmidt),
25

Treaty of Ryswick,
69

Treaty of Tordesillas,
176

Treaty of Utrecht,
26
,
60
,
157(n)

Triangulation,
14
.
19–20
,
53
,
62
,
114
,
128
,
129–130
,
131–133

baseline for,
103
,
104–106
,
117
,
155
,
156(illus.)
,
166(n)

second baseline for,
131
,
133

wooden pyramids and tents as markers for,
120

True History of the Conquest of New Spain
(del Castillo),
39

Tungurahua volcano,
173–174
,
232

Tupac Yupanqui,
94

Ulloa, Antonio de,
71–72
,
73
,
75
,
76
,
77
,
78
,
80
,
81
,
84
,
87
,
96
,
97–98
,
105
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
122
,
124
,
137
,
138–139
,
144
,
152
,
227
,
288

and Araujo,
112–113

dispute with La Condamine,
155–157

illness of,
125

post-expedition life and death of,
197
,
289–290

Urquizu, Bruno de,
217

Ursúa, Pedro de,
179

Vautour
(ship),
75
,
76
,
77

Velázquez, Diego,
38

Velvarde, Vincente de,
41
,
42

Verguin, Jean,
52
,
70
,
77
,
79
,
103
,
114
,
118
,
130
,
156
,
157
,
163
,
169
,
198
,
287

Vicuna, Gregorio,
142
,
144

Villa Rica de Vera Cruz.
38

Violence,
137
,
141
,
142
,
143–146

Virginity,
141
,
152
,
161

Virgin Mary,
174
,
244

Visconti, Ignatius,
211
,
225

Volcanoes,
115(n)
,
122
,
129
,
130
,
131(illus.)
,
164
,
171
,
173–174
,
232

Voltaire, François-Marie Arouet de,
7
,
28–29
,
51
,
126
,
194
,
195–196
,
301

Von Hagen, Victor,
259

Vrillière, Louis Phélypeaux de,
292
,
301

War of Jenkins’s Ear,
157(n)
,
166
,
199

War of Spanish Succession,
20
,
26
,
60

Weather,
105–106
,
116
,
117
,
119
,
130
,
135
,
148
,
171
,
250
,
270
.
See also
Rain

West Indies,
67–68
,
220

Whirlwinds,
106

Whiteness,
152
,
154

Wildlife,
75
,
78
,
181
,
189
,
205
,
234
,
239
,
242
,
248–249
,
251
,
259

Women/girls,
34
,
37
,
229
,
236–237