The Men Who Would Be King (31 page)

6
  Eric XIV of Sweden. He wooed Elizabeth with lavish gifts, but his suit met with mockery.

7
  Philip II of Spain. The enmity of three decades began with a marriage proposal.

8
  Archduke Charles of Austria. He was said to be “for a man, beautiful and well faced.”

9
  Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. Elizabeth's great love and the most persistent of all her suitors.

10
  Charles IX of France. His mother, Catherine de' Medici, proposed him for Elizabeth when he was “but a boy.”

11
  Henry, Duke of Anjou (later Henry III of France). He proved a reluctant suitor to the aging Elizabeth.

12
  Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex. The handsome, willful favorite of the queen's declining years.

13
  Francis, Duke of Alençon, Elizabeth's “dearest Frog.” Their political courtship turned into a heady romance.

14
  Elizabeth I, age about forty-two.

I N D E X

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Adolphus of Holstein, Duke, 83

Alençon, Francis, Duke of: appearance of, 167, 168, 173, 177, 180; death of, 200; Elizabeth's early marriage negotiations with, 157, 167–72; Elizabeth's emotional courtship with, 173–99, 202; Elizabeth's garter incident and, 174, 191; Elizabeth's nickname for, 181; Elizabeth's poem about, 199; Elizabeth's post-courtship relationship with, 199–200, 203; Elizabeth's public announcement about marriage to, 195–98, 204; English resistance to, 181–85, 189, 191–92, 196, 197, 199, 217; and French mission to England, 191–93; French-Spanish relations and, 188–89, 193, 194; French succession and, 171, 178; Henry III relations with, 171; Huguenot connections of, 168, 178; picture of, 137; Simier as proxy for, 174–75; visits to England by, 169, 177–78, 180–82, 194–99

Angoulême, Charles, Duke of, 11–12, 13

Anjou, Duke of.
See
Henry III (King of France)

Anne of Cleves, 8, 20, 87

Armada, Spanish, 202, 208, 209, 210

Arran, Earl of, 98

Arundel, Henry Fitzalan, Earl of, 47, 52, 67–68, 69–70, 75, 133

Ascham, Roger, 10, 39, 58

Ashley, Katherine, 21, 22–23, 24, 28, 31–33, 34, 38, 39, 58, 94, 96–97, 179

Bayonne: Queens of Spain and France meeting in, 149–50, 151

Bedford, Earl of, 69, 90–91

Blois, Treaty of, 168

Boleyn, Anne: as the “Concubine,” 2, 5, 13; Elizabeth compared with, 51, 52; Elizabeth's memories of, 8, 9, 14, 38–39; execution of, 3–4, 5–6, 8, 9, 14, 17, 34–35, 38–39; grave of, 215; Henry VIII break with Catholicism and, 13; Henry VIII relationship with, 5, 11, 13, 17, 54; Henry's children and, 3, 5–6; Henry's relationship with, 2–3, 155; nullification of Henry's marriage to, 13; personality of, 3; pregnancies of, 2, 3; Wyatt and, 2, 3

Bothwell, Lord, 155

Breuner, Caspar (Baron von Rabenstein), 85, 86, 87–88, 89, 96

Burghley, Lord.
See
Cecil, William

Canterbury, Archbishop of, 183

Carlos, Don (son of Philip of Spain), 55, 58, 78, 120

Catherine of Aragon, 4, 7, 13, 47, 54

Catholicism/Catholic Church: Adolphus of Holstein as suitor and, 83; Alençon as suitor and, 177, 178, 181–84, 187, 189; Angoulême-Elizabeth relationship and, 12; Anjou-Charles IX relationship and, 166; Anjou as figurehead for, 158, 166; Anjou as suitor to Elizabeth and, 158, 160, 163, 164, 165, 166; Archduke Charles as suitor and, 120, 146, 153–54; Archduke Ferdinand as suitor and, 86; Bayonne meeting between Queens of Spain and France and, 149–50; Darnley-Mary Stuart and, 124; Dudley-Elizabeth relationship and, 105, 107; Dudley-Mary Stuart negotiations and, 119; Elizabeth's denial of, 77; Henry VIII and, 12–13; Mary Stuart and, 127, 156, 217; of Mary Tudor, 9, 15–16, 40, 45, 47, 61, 145, 167; Mary Tudor-Elizabeth relationship and, 45; Philip II as suitor and, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77–78; Philip of Spain-Elizabeth of France marriage and, 78; plots against Elizabeth and, 156; St. Bartholomew's Eve massacre and, 170; succession to throne and, 13, 15–16; as threat to Elizabeth, 149–50; unpopularity among English of, 61, 65, 167, 170, 217; views about Elizabeth in, 76