The Most Dangerous Book: The Battle for James Joyce’s Ulysses (61 page)

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Journal of American History
88, no. 4 (March 2002), p. 1360.
“U.S. Secret Service” badges
: Joan Jensen,
The Price of Vigilance
(Chicago: Rand McNally, 1968), pp. 41–42.
blackmail, wiretapping
:
Ibid., p.72; David Kennedy,
Over Here: The First World War and American Society
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1980), p. 82.
roughly three million
:
Jensen,
Vigilance,
p. 155. Not counting Justice Department cases.
Daniel Cohalan
:
see “Many Caught in the Web of Kaiser’s Gold,”
New York Tribune
, Sept. 23, 1917, p.1; “U.S. Exposes More German Plots,”
San Francisco Chronicle
, Sept. 23, 1917, p. 1;
MNY
, p. 324.
a cargo ship
:
Jules Witcover,
Sabotage at Black Tom: Imperial Germany’s Secret War in America, 1914
–
1917
(Chapel Hill, N.C.: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill, 1989); Michael Warner, “The Kaiser Sows Destruction,”
Studies in Intelligence: Journal of the American Intelligence Professional
46, no. 1 (2002) pp.3–9.
“any disloyal, profane”
:
Sedition Act of 1918, 40 Stat. 583.
highest government official
:
“Postal Officials Begin Wide Search,”
NYT
, May 1, 1919, p. 3.
“embarrass or hamper”
:
Donald Johnson, “Wilson, Burleson and Censorship in the First World War,”
Journal of Southern History
28 (Feb. 1962), p. 48.
only three hundred
:
Jensen,
Vigilance
, p. 15.
only eleven
:
Philip Melanson and Peter Steven,
The Secret Service: The Hidden History of an Enigmatic Agency
(New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2002), p. 37.
It had 300,000 employees
:
United States Bureau of the Census; United States Civil Service Commission,
Official Register of the United States
(Washington, D.C.: Bureau of the Census, 1917), p. 11. (online)
422 inspectors
:
Official Register
, p. 11.
56,000 postmasters
:
Louis Melius,
The American Postal Service: History of the Postal Service from the Earliest Times.
(Washington D.C.: National Capital Press, 1917), pp. 20, 97.
fourteen billion pieces
:
Ibid., p. 49.
“elevating our people”
and
half-century expansion:
Gerald Cullinan,
The Post Office Department
(New York: F.A. Praeger, 1968), pp. 57–64.
volume increased one hundred times
:
Ibid., pp. 61, 104.
twenty-five cents
:
Jane Kennedy, “Development of Postal Rates: 1845–1955,”
Land Economics
33, no. 2 (1957), p. 95.
three cents
:
Ibid., p. 96.
two cents per pound
:
Ibid., p. 98; and Cullinan
,
Post Office Department,
p. 250 (Appendix A).
one cent per pound
:
Kennedy, “Postal Rates,” p. 99.
issue was $2.50
:
See Patten affidavit qtd. in JQ’s memorandum for the “Cantleman” suppression, Case File 49537, 7E4, Box 142, 8/5/2. WWI Espionage Files, Post Office Records, NARA.
Joyce fan’s subscription
:
The $2.50 annual rate was announced in 1917 but did not take effect until January 1918, two months later.
eight to fifteen times higher
:
See Brandeis dissent in
United States ex rel. Milwaukee Social Democratic Publishing Company v.
Burleson
, 255 U.S. 407 (1921).
without court approval
:
Johnson, “Wilson, Burleson and Censorship,” pp. 47–50.
Congress asked Burleson
:
Adrian Anderson, “President Wilson’s Politician: Albert Sidney Burleson of Texas,”
Southwestern Historical Quarterly
77, no. 3 (Jan. 1974), pp. 345–47.
wore a black coat
:
Kennedy, p. 75.
“the most belligerent”
:
Edward House, qtd. in Kennedy, “Postal Rates,” p. 75.
“insidious attempt”
:
Burleson to Wilson, Sept, 1920, qtd. in Johnson, “Wilson, Burleson and Censorship,” p. 57.
a thousand people
:
Geoffrey R. Stone, “The Origins of the ‘Bad Tendency’ Test: Free Speech in Wartime,”
Supreme Court Review
(2002), p. 444.
hundreds received prison
:
John Sayer, “Art and Politics, Dissent and Repression:
The Masses
Magazine versus the Government, 1917–1918,”
American Journal of Legal History
32, no. 1 (Jan. 1988), p. 74.
You knew it
:
cf. Justice Stewart’s later opinion in
Jacobellis
v.
Ohio
, 378 U.S. 184 (1964).
beyond the authority
:
See Stone, “Origins of the ‘Bad Tendency’ Test.”
train to Washington
:
Anna Louise Bates,
Weeder in the Garden of the Lord: Anthony Comstock’s Life and Career
(Lanham, MD.: University Press of America, 1995), p. 82; Heywood Broun and Margaret Leech,
Anthony Comstock, Roundsman of the Lord
(New York: A&C Boni, 1927), pp. 129–32.
“The daily papers”
:
Anthony Comstock,
Traps for the Young
(Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1967), p. 13.
only a handful
:
United States Postal Service,
The United States Postal Service: An American History, 1775–2006
(Washington, D.C.: Government Relations, Postal Service, 2012), p. 62.
special agents collected debts
:
Ibid., p. 64.
one person per year
:
Donna Dennis,
Licentious Gotham: Erotic Publishing and Its Prosecution in Nineteenth-Century New York
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2009), p. 268.
prosecuted fifty-five
:
Broun and Leech,
Anthony Comstock
, p. 152.
protest rallies
:
Emma Goldman,
Living My Life
(New York: Penguin Group, 2006), p. 341.
eight policemen raided
:
Richard Drinnon,
Rebel in Paradise: A Bibliography of Emma Goldman
(New York: Harper & Row, 1976), p. 188; Goldman,
Living My Life
, p. 344.
“for the hideous crime”
and
officers were detailed:
“Guard for Judge at Goldman Trial,”
NYT
, June 27, 1917, p. 13.
press reprinted
:
See, e.g, “Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman, Anarchists,”
New York Tribune,
June 24, 1917, D2.
“The Star-Spangled Banner”
:
“Anarchists Close Their Defense,”
NYT,
July 7, 1917, p. 10;
Mother Earth
, July 1917, p. 134; Drinnon,
Rebel in Paradise
, p. 193.
defendant’s table
:
Heap,
Dear Tiny Heart
, p. 47; Goldman,
Living My Life
, p. 350.
“Ezraized
Little Review
”
:
“An Old Reader,”
LR
4, no. 5 (Sept. 1917), pp. 31–32.
“I wish you didn’t”
:
Letter from H.C.L., ibid., p. 33.
Subscriptions dwindled
:
TYW
, p. 146.
the editors evicted
:
Heap to Reynolds, July 1917,
Dear Tiny Heart,
p. 47.
scrounged for money
:
Ibid., p. 50,
TYW
, p. 156.
potatoes
:
Yale Anderson, Box 14 Folder 251.
crepe de chine
:
TYW
, p. 206.
“And when he beat”
:
Wyndham Lewis, “Cantleman’s Spring-Mate,”
LR
4, no. 6 (Oct. 1917), p. 14.
weighing room
and
The issue circulated:
JQ’s Brief in
Anderson v. Thomas G. Patten
,
Postmaster of the City of New York, Defendant
(Nov. 28, 1917) and accompanying documents, Case File 49537, 7E4, Box 142, 8/5/2, WWI Espionage Files, Post Office Records, NARA.
the final authority
:
Sedition Act of 1918, 40 Stat. 583.
“conclusive”
and
“clearly wrong”:
See
Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten
, 246 F. 24, 38 (2d. Circuit 1917) and Augustus Hand’s decision in
Anderson
v.
Patten
.
“Words are the first”
:
“Water, Salt and Sugar at $320 a Gallon,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 23, 1916, p. SM10.
“reading between the lines”
:
William Lamar, “The Government’s Attitude Toward the Press,”
Forum
59 (Feb. 1918), p. 139.
“You know I am not”
:
Lamer qtd. in Sayer, “Art and Politics, Dissent and Repression,” p. 53.
“The foreign editor”
and
“does not come within”:
JQ to Lamar, Nov. 5, 1917, Post Office Records, NARA.
planned to speak
:
JQ to MCA, Nov. 7, 1917, UWM, Box 4 Folder 2.
“because they come within”
:
Augustus Hand decision,
Anderson
v.
Patten
, 247 p. 382, Nov. 30, 1917, Post Office Records, NARA.
out of the papers
:
JQ to EP, Dec. 2, 1917, NYPL.
“Alas!”
:
Ibid.
a file on Margaret Anderson
:
Claire Culleton,
Joyce and the G-Men: J. Edgar Hoover’s Manipulation of Modernism
(New York: Palgrave Macmillian, 2004), p. 80. Culleton notes that Anderson’s file had been destroyed. That it was opened around the time the magazine was labeled anarchist is thus my speculation.
“Publication of Anarchistic tendency”
and

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