The Old Road (23 page)

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Authors: Hilaire Belloc

Tags: #Azizex666, #Roads, #England

BOOK: The Old Road
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  • Darent
    , river crossing, of,
    219
    -
    225
    .
  • Dark Ages
    , reproduce barbaric conditions previous to Roman Conquest,
    65
    .
  • Denbies Park
    , clear trace of Old Road along edge of,
    178
    .
  • Detling
    ,
    257
    .
  • Domesday
    , Worthies mentioned in,
    121
    (note); three churches at Alresford mentioned in,
    129
    ; Bishop Sutton mentioned in,
    130
    ; Wrotham, Oxford, Charing mentioned in,
    221
    .
  • Dorking Lime Pits
    , track lost after,
    178
    .
  • Dorsetshire Downs
    , their position in scheme of prehistoric roads,
    16
    ,
    23
    .
  • Dover
    , Straits of, harbour of, originally an inlet, modern artificial character of,
    36
    . See
    Straits
    .
  • Downs
    . See
    North
    ,
    South
    ,
    Dorsetshire
    .
  • Drovers
    , preserve old tracks by avoiding turnpike roads,
    95
    ; their road to London after Shere confused with Old Road,
    176
    .
  • Dun Street
    , near Eastwell Park, place-name significant of passage of Old Road,
    136
    (note 2); passed on journey,
    262
    .
  • Duthie
    , his record of medieval road from Alresford to Alton,
    136
    (note 1).
  • Eastwell Park
    , preservation of Old Road,
    82
    ; passage through on journey,
    263
    .
  • Ermine Street
    , alluded to,
    19
    ; less affected than Icknield Way by revolution of the twelfth century,
    87
    .
  • Farnham
    , marks ends of North Down Ridge,
    26
    ; on original track of Old Road,
    27
    ;
    strategical and political importance of,
    153
    -
    154
    .
  • Farnham Lane
    , marks end of disused western portion of Old Road,
    27
    .
  • Flanking Roads
    ,
    107
    .
  • Folkestone
    , one of modern harbours on northern shore of the Straits, its artificial character,
    36
    .
  • Ford
    , of Itchen at Itchen Stoke, discussed,
    130
    -
    133
    (and map); of Wey at Shalford, position of,
    166
    -
    167
    (and map); of Mole, discussed,
    181
    -
    183
    ; of Medway, or crossing, fully discussed,
    236
    -
    253
    .
  • Fords
    , Old Road chooses those approached by a spur on either side,
    111
    .
  • Fordwych
    , original limit of tide on Stour,
    43
    .
  • Fosse Way
    , alluded to,
    19
    ; begins to disappear with advent of Middle Ages,
    87
    .
  • Froyle
    , passage of Old Road by,
    152
    .
  • Gatton
    , exceptional passage of Old Road to north of crest at,
    106
    (note); speculation on history of,
    201
    ; track of Old Road through, and passage to north of crest described,
    199
    (note),
    202
    -
    203
    .
  • Geological conditions
    of exit from Winchester,
    122
    ; of upper Wey valley,
    152
    (and note); of Quarry Hangers,
    205
    ; of crossing of Medway in general,
    244
    -
    251
    ; of Snodland in particular,
    250
    -
    251
    .
  • Gilbert Street
    , place-name suggesting passage of Old Road,
    137
    .
  • Glastonbury
    , example of original importance of West Country,
    22
    .
  • Gloucester
    , medieval tax on iron at,
    20
    .
  • Godmersham
    , exceptional passage of Old Road to north of crest at,
    106
    (note); track of Road at,
    267
    -
    269
    (and map).
  • Goodnestone
    , village of, geographical centre of Kentish ports, why unsuitable as a political centre,
    42
    .
  • Goodwin Sands
    , probably prehistoric,
    39
    .
  • Greystone Lime Pits
    , Merstham, recovery of Old Road at,
    206
    .
  • '
    Grey Wethers
    ,' name of platform beyond Medway opposite Wrotham,
    233
    .
  • Grésivaudan
    , example of advantage of Partial Isolation,
    30
    .
  • Gris Nez
    , look-out towards English shore,
    32
    ; forbids harbours near it, but provides shelter to eastward coast,
    34
    .
  • Gomshall
    , doubt as to passage of Old Road at,
    176
    .
  • '
    Habits
    ,' of the Old Road, list of,
    104
    -
    113
    .
  • Hamble, River
    , as a harbour of the 'Second Crossing,'
    54
    .
  • Harbours
    , multiplicity of, in Straits of Dover, produced by complexity of tides,
    31
    ,
    32
    ,
    35
    ; list of original and modern, on northern shore of the Straits,
    35
    ;
    of Southampton Water, Solent, and Spithead, excellence of,
    55
    ; list of, on Solent and Southampton Water,
    55
    .
  • Harrietsham
    ,
    257
    .
  • Hart Hill
    , Old Road recovered at,
    258
    .
  • Hastings
    , mirage at, alluded to,
    34
    .
  • Haverfield
    , his map giving Roman road from north gate of Winchester,
    124
    (note).
  • Headbourne Worthy
    , arguments for and against its standing on Old Road,
    120
    -
    125
    ; mentioned in Domesday,
    121
    .
  • High Cross
    , compared to Gatton,
    201
    .
  • Hills
    , ranges of, correspond with prehistoric roads,
    15
    -
    16
    (with map); crest of, usually avoided by Old Road,
    106
    .
  • Hoborough
    , Roman remains in,
    253
    (note 2).
  • Hog's Back
    , hill near Farnham, continues range of North Downs,
    26
    ; affords example of turnpike protecting Old Road,
    96
    ; excellent example of 'Flanking Road,'
    107
    ; passage of Old Road along,
    156
    et seq.
  • Hollingbourne
    ,
    257
    .
  • Horizons
    , of Barfleur and St. Catherine's,
    48
    (map),
    50
    .
  • '
    Hundred Stones
    ,' the, megalithic monument,
    254
    (note 2).
  • Hyde Abbey
    , site and ruins of,
    123
    -
    125
    .
  • Icknield Way
    , alluded to,
    22
    ; begins to disappear in Middle Ages,
    87
    .
  • Inns
    ,
    Anchor
    ,
    Chequers
    ,
    Jolly Farmer
    ,
    Kentish Drover
    , etc. See under these names.
  • Iron
    , its early production in West England,
    23
    ; in the Sussex Weald,
    24
    .
  • Islands
    , examples of advantages of Partial Isolation,
    31
    .
  • Isle of Wight
    , its projection southward invites 'Second Crossing,'
    46
    ; importance of St. Catherine's Hill in,
    51
    ; harbours of, and reef off Ventnor,
    55
    .
  • Isolation
    , Partial, Geographical, political advantages of,
    22
    -
    31
    .
  • Itchen Abbas
    , origin of name,
    126
    ; Roman villa discovered near,
    126
    (note); passed on our journey,
    125
    .
  • Itchen
    , river, continuation of Southampton Water,
    56
    ; compared to Stour,
    68
    ,
    69
    ; made navigable by Lucy,
    130
    ; view of, from Alresford Hill,
    133
    -
    134
    ; crossing of, at Itchen Stoke,
    130
    -
    133
    (and map).
  • —— Valley of
    , forms Winchester to Farnham Road,
    60
    .
  • Itchen Stoke
    , old church of, passage of Old Road to south of,
    110
    ; site and date of destruction of,
    126
    .
  • —— Ford at
    , Old Road passes Itchen by,
    128
    -
    133
    (and map); passed on our journey,
    132
    .
  • Jews
    occupied principal street of Winchester,
    118
    ;
    their wealth in early Middle Ages,
    118
    (note).
  • Jolly Farmer
    , Inn at Puttenham,
    160
    .
  • Kemsing
    , manor of,
    226
    ; on map,
    227
    .
  • Kent
    , shape of, forces Old Road westward,
    18
    ; causes complexity of tides in Straits of Dover,
    31
    -
    32
    .
  • Kentish Drover
    , the,
    253
    (note 1).
  • King's Worthy
    , church of, passage of Old Road to south of,
    110
    ; mentioned in Domesday,
    121
    (note); its situation on Old Road discussed,
    120
    -
    125
    ; passed on our journey,
    125
    .
  • Kit's Coty House
    , referred to,
    248
    (note 1); visited,
    253
    ,
    254
    .
  • Knockholt Farm
    , east of Chilham, Old Road recovered at,
    270
    .
  • Land-fall
    , importance of,
    52
    .
  • Landlords
    , their conservation of antiquities,
    82
    .
  • Lead
    , mined in early times in the north,
    19
    ; in the west,
    20
    .
  • Len, River
    ,
    259
    .
  • Lenham
    , traces of flanking road above,
    107
    ; church of, example of passage to north,
    111
    ; passed,
    257
    .
  • Lime Pits
    ,
    Dorking
    ,
    Betchworth
    , etc., see under their separate names; a mark of Old Road,
    192
    -
    193
    .
  • London
    , growth of importance of as Roman rule failed,
    65
    ; ousts Winchester,
    87
    .
  • Longnose Point
    , alluded to,
    38
    .
  • Lower Halling
    , a crossing of the Medway, its claims discussed,
    248
    -
    249
    ; and map,
    236
    .
  • Lucy
    , Bishop of Winchester, renders Itchen navigable,
    130
    .
  • Lymington
    , as a harbour of Second Crossing,
    54
    .
  • Lympne.
    See
    Portus Lemanis
    .
  • Maiden Way
    , alluded to,
    19
    .
  • Marden Park
    , track of Old Road round, and map,
    211
    .
  • Margery Wood
    , passage of Old Road by,
    198
    .
  • Martyrs' Worthy
    , passed on journey,
    125
    .
  • Medina
    , river, as a harbour of the 'Second Crossing,'
    54
    .
  • Medstead
    , watershed near, mentioned,
    113
    .
  • Medway, River
    , crossing of, fully discussed, with map,
    236
    -
    253
    .
  • —— Valley of
    , view over, from Wrotham described,
    231
    -
    233
    .
  • Megalithic Monument.
    See
    Kit's Coty House
    ,
    Addington
    ,
    Coldrum
    , etc.
  • Mendips
    , their importance as a metallic centre,
    20
    .
  • Merstham
    , probable diversion of Old Road at, by Pilgrimage,
    95
    (note); example of church passed to south,
    110
    .
  • —— House
    , passage of Old Road through grounds of,
    204
    .
  • Metals
    , mined originally in West England,
    19
    .
  • Method of Reconstruction of Old Road
    ,
    100
    -
    104
    .
  • Mole
    , river, point of crossing discussed,
    181
    -
    183
    ; with map,
    182
    .
  • Monk's Hatch
    , passage of Old Road through,
    162
    .
  • Neolithic Man
    , his principal seat on green-sand south of North Downs,
    23
    ; endurance of relics of,
    73
    .
  • North Country
    , not important in early times,
    19
    .
  • ——
    Downs
    , their position in scheme of prehistoric roads,
    16
    ; the original and necessary platform of the Old Road,
    24
    -
    25
    (with map); view of these from Wrotham,
    231
    ; 'funnel' formed by them at passage of Medway,
    237
    ; road leaves them after Charing,
    260
    .
  • —— Street
    , place-name suggesting passage of Old Road,
    137
    .
  • Old Road
    , why the most important of English prehistoric roads,
    17
    -
    24
    ; its first track sketched,
    25
    ; why it ended at Canterbury,
    31
    -
    42
    ; why it began at Winchester,
    44
    -
    58
    ; short cut from Winchester to Farnham gradually superseded original western portion,
    59
    -
    61
    (with map); final form of,
    62
    (with map); causes of preservation of,
    72
    -
    99
    ; proportion of known to unknown,
    100
    -
    101
    (with map); characteristics or 'habits' of,
    104
    -
    113
    . Its track from north gate of Winchester to King's Worthy,
    120
    -
    125
    ; coincidence of, with modern road from King's Worthy to Itchen Stoke,
    124
    ; arguments in favour of its crossing the Itchen at Itchen Stoke,
    127
    -
    132
    ; recovering of lost portion in Ropley Valley,
    132
    -
    136
    ; corresponds to high-road after Alton, causes of this,
    149
    -
    154
    ; diversion at Puttenham,
    158
    ; crosses Wey,
    163
    -
    166
    ; passes St. Martha's, north of Weston Wood, Albury Park,
    170
    -
    175
    ; crosses Mole at Pixham Mill,
    180
    -
    183
    ; passes Betchworth Pits,
    188
    ; lost after Merstham and recovered,
    204
    -
    207
    ; discussion of track near Marden Park,
    211
    ; and across Titsey Park,
    214
    -
    216
    ; its loss after Chevening,
    217
    ; typical section of,
    225
    -
    230
    (with map); its crossing of Medway discussed,
    236
    -
    253
    ; clear along Downs to Charing,
    256
    -
    260
    ; crosses Eastwell Park, Boughton Aluph, Godmersham, Chilham Park,
    263
    -
    269
    ; lost for two miles east of Chilham,
    270
    -
    271
    (and map); passes Bigberry Camp,
    273
    ;
    enters Canterbury by Westgate,
    277
    .
  • Old Wives' Lees
    , doubts as to passage of Old Road by,
    270
    -
    271
    (and map).
  • Ordie
    , Domesday name for 'Worthy,'
    121
    (note).
  • Ordnance Map
    , 6-inch to the mile, probably wrong in track of Roman Road from north gate of Winchester,
    124
    (note); error in track given from Arthur's Seat to Oxted railway cutting,
    213
    .
  • Ordnance Map
    , 1/2500, references to fields at Ropley,
    138
    (notes 1, 2, 3),
    139
    (note); at Puttenham,
    158
    (note); Weston Wood,
    174
    (note); doubts as to track given by it through Albury Park,
    174
    ; recovery of Old Road after Gomshall,
    177
    (note); probable error east of Shere,
    176
    ; crossing of Mole,
    183
    (note); crest of Colley Hill,
    197
    ; error of, in regard to Gatton Park,
    199
    (note); Merstham to Quarry Hangers,
    207
    (note); east of Marden Park,
    212
    (note); east of Chevening,
    218
    (note); passage of Medway,
    253
    (note); error of, east and north of Eastwell Park, and east and north of Boughton Aluph church,
    265
    -
    266
    (notes 1 and 2).
  • Otford
    , passage of Old Road through,
    218
    ; battles of,
    220
    ; palace of,
    220
    ,
    221
    .
  • Oxted
    , error caused by approach of pilgrimage to plain of,
    95
    (note).
  • Oxted Railway Cutting
    , track of Old Road from Marden Park to,
    211
    -
    212
    (and map).

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