The Resurrection of the Romanovs (58 page)

53.
See Rathlef-Keilmann, 236; affidavit of Dr. Serge Rudnev, April 9, 1929, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4480; affidavit of Dr. Serge Rudnev, July 18, 1938, in Hamburg, Bln I, 134–138; Gilliard and Savitch, 71–76; Cohen,
New York Times
, March 28, 1926. Cohen’s article quoted Rudnev directly in stating—falsely—that he had personally treated Anastasia in 1914; apparently, either he or Rathlef-Keilmann had let this “fact” be known in Berlin circles; when Zahle related this to Gilliard, the latter confronted both the surgeon and Rathlef-Keilmann on the claim, and each protested that they had never said such a thing, blaming the other for the error. See Gilliard and Savitch, 75–78.

54.
Gilliard to Kokovtsov, letter dated July 18, 1926, in Hamburg, II, 281–307.

55.
Gilliard and Savitch, 190.

56.
Rathlef-Keilmann to Gilliard, letter of January 16, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 192.

57.
Kurth, 408, n. 55. Gilliard burned these papers—his entire dossier on AA’s case—after the 1957 verdict against her by a Berlin court, on the presumption that it had come to an end and he would have no need of them in the future. He explained this when he took the witness stand during her civil trial. See Gilliard, testimony of March 29, 1958, in Hamburg, II, 239–247.

58.
Private information to the authors.

59.
See Auclères, 199–200.

60.
Gilliard to Count Schulenberg, letter of December 8, 1925, in Gilliard and Savitch, 191.

61.
Alexandra Gilliard to Lillian Zahle, letter of December 14, 1925, cited in Kurth, 124.

62.
Gilliard to Zahle, letter of January 11, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 83.

63.
Quoted in Kurth, 124.

64.
Kurth, 124.

65.
Zahle, letter of October 27, 1925, cited in Phenix, 153.

66.
Alexandra Gilliard to Rathlef-Keilmann, letter of January 1926, quoted in Welch, 124.

67.
Statement of Pierre and Alexandra Gilliard, January 21, 1927, in Hamburg, Bln III, 175–176.

68.
Zahle to Serge Botkin, letter of November 26, 1926, in Hamburg, XIII, 2271–2272.

69.
Summers and Mangold, 216.

70.
Vorres, 177.

71.
See notes and postcards of Olga Alexandrovna to AA, autumn 1925, in “Application to the Amstgericht Court, Berlin, in the Matter of the Estate of Anastasia Nikolaievna Romanov, Case No. 461.VE.733/38,” pleading submitted by Paul Leverkuehn and Kurt Vermehren on behalf of AA, October 31, 1938, and lodged in Hamburg under Bln, 33–34.

72.
Olga Alexandrovna to Mordvinov, letter of December 4, 1925, in Hamburg, XIII, 2091–2092.

73.
Gilliard to Kokovtsov, letter dated July 18, 1926, in Hamburg, II, 281–307.

74.
Zahle, report to the Danish Foreign Ministry, December 12, 1928, in Hamburg, Summary of Evidence in
Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein
, May 18, 1967, 56.

75.
Quoted in Kurth, 124.

76.
Olga Alexandrovna to Mordvinov, letter of December 4, 1925, in Hamburg, XIII, 2091–2092.

77.
Olga Alexandrovna to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of December 22, 1925, in Hamburg, Bln III, 181–182.

78.
Olga Alexandrovna to Tatiana Botkin, letter of August 30, 1926, in Hamburg, XXXIV/6370.

79.
Olga Alexandrovna to Mordvinov, letter of January 1, 1927, in Hamburg, XXIII, 4368.

80.
Ibid.

81.
Phenix, 217.

82.
Olga Alexandrovna, testimony of March 23, 1959, at the West German consulate in Toronto, in Hamburg, VII, 1298–1312.

83.
See Botkin,
Real Romanovs
, 266; Botkin,
Woman Who Rose Again
, 99.

84.
Olga Alexandrovna, testimony of March 23, 1959, at the West German consulate in Toronto, in Hamburg, VII, 1298–1312.

85.
Ibid.

86.
See Kurth, 309.

87.
Vorres, 174.

88.
Vorres, 174; Olga Alexandrovna to Mordvinov, letter of December 4, 1925, in Hamburg, XIII, 2091–2092.

89.
Vorres, 176.

90.
Tikhon Kulikovsky to Kurth, letter of September 2, 1971, in Peter Kurth Collection.

10 “If the Imperial House of Russia Wants to Let One of Its Own Die in the Gutter . . .”

1.
Baron Osten-Sacken, letter of February 1926, quoted in Kurth, 129.

2.
Olga Alexandrovna to Gilliard, letter of January 16, 1926, quoted in Gilliard to Kokovtsov, letter of July 18, 1926, in Hamburg, II, 281–307.

3.
Olga Alexandrovna to Mordvinov, letter of January 1, 1927, in Hamburg, XXIII, 4368.

4.
Gilliard to Kokovtsov, letter dated July 18, 1926, in Hamburg, II, 281–307.

5.
See Kurth, 118.

6.
Zahle questionnaire, in Hamburg, XVIII, 7–16. King Christian X abruptly terminated Zahle’s investigation into the case, and when he retired, the former diplomat handed over all of his notes and files to the Danish Royal Archives. Those interested in Anderson’s case have long suspected that the dossiers Zahle turned over to King Christian X held important evidence in her favor. Repeated requests to Queen Margrethe II for access have always been refused, on the grounds that the papers are in the private family archives and thus not subject to ordinary disclosure. (See, for example,
Spectator
, London, July 18, 1992.) Private inquiries, however, now suggest that they remain restricted because the Danish minister was rather too adamant in expressing his own personal opinions of the royal personages involved and discussing private behavior unrelated to the claim that would prove embarrassing to the Romanovs and to their crowned relations.

7.
Prince Friedrich Saxe-Altenburg to Brien Horan, December 1973, quoted in Horan, 47.

8.
Ernst Ludwig to Victoria, marchioness of Milford Haven, letter dated February 2, 1927, in Staatsarchiv Darmstadt.

9.
Serge Botkin to Andrei Vladimirovich, letter of April 1927, quoted in Kurth, 164.

10.
Andrei Vladimirovich to P. S. von Kugelgen, letter of July 8, 1928, quoted in Rathlef-Keilmann, 12.

11.
Zahle to Serge Botkin, letter of February 5, 1927, quoted in Krug von Nidda, 204–205.

12.
Andrei Vladimirovich to Serge Botkin, letter of November 30, 1926, in Hamburg, VIII, 1595–1597.

13.
Gilliard and Savitch, 101.

14.
Graf, 151.

15.
Kurth, 127.

16.
Andrei Vladimirovich to Tatiana Botkin, letter of September 2, 1927, quoted in Auclères, 175.

17.
Gilliard and Savitch, 102, 195–196.

18.
Andrei Vladimirovich to Serge Botkin, March 14, 1927, quoted in Horan, 94.

19.
Information from Ian Lilburn to the authors.

20.
Rathlef-Keilmann, 126.

21.
Combined reports of letters from Rathlef-Keilmann to Serge Botkin, dated June 9, 1926, and from Rathlef-Keilmann to Zahle, dated June 10, 1926, cited in Kurth, 132.

22.
Botkin, Anastasia, 335, n. 8.

23.
Baron von Osten-Sacken to Serge Botkin, letter of June 29, 1926, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

24.
Dr. Serge Rudnev, report of March 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2485–2488.

25.
Dr. Lothar Nobel, report of March 1926, in Hamburg, XIII, 4417–4426.

26.
Ibid.

27.
Dr. Karl Bonhoeffer, report of March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402.

28.
Professor Saathof to Duke Georg of Leuchtenberg, letter of December 7, 1927, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4508–4509.

29.
Dr. Theodor Eitel, report of December 22, 1926, in Hamburg, VIII, 1394–1402.

30.
Tatiana Botkin to Duke Georg of Leuchtenberg, undated letter, in Rathlef-Keilmann, 142–143; Nancy Leeds Wynkoop to Brien Horan, quoted in Horan, 112.

31.
Dr. Lothar Nobel, report of March 1926, in Hamburg, XIII, 4417–4426.

32.
Dr. Karl Bonhoeffer, report of March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402.

33.
Dr. Theodor Eitel, report of December 22, 1926, in Hamburg, VIII, 1394–1402.

34.
Kurth, 153.

35.
Rathlef-Keilmann to Tatiana Botkin, letter of March 10, 1927, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

36.
Kurth, 159–160; Botkin,
Anastasia
, 155.

37.
Tatiana Botkin to Kurth, quoted in Kurth, 159; Rathlef-Keilmann, 14.

11 “A Sort of Weird Charm”

1.
AA to Alexei Miliukov, April 23, 1966, in Miliukov tapes.

2.
Details from Ob, Berger, and personal visits by the authors.

3.
Botkin,
Woman Who Rose Again
, 63.

4.
Rathlef-Keilmann, 49; Kurth, 159; Belyakova, 224;
Berliner Nachtausgabe
, April 8, 1927; diary of Faith Lavington, January 31, 1927, in Hamburg, XXXIV, 6402–6428.

5.
Botkin,
Woman Who Rose Again
, 64.

6.
Botkin,
Woman Who Rose Again
, 48, 65; Belyakova, 41; Kournosoff, 5–7, 46, 63.

7.
Botkin,
Woman Who Rose Again
, 65; Belyakova, 227.

8.
Botkin,
Woman Who Rose Again
, 48, 65.

9.
Belyakova, 222.

10.
Botkin,
Woman Who Rose Again
, 45; Gilliard and Savitch, 91.

11.
Kurth, 182.

12.
Duke Georg of Leuchtenberg to Rathlef-Keilmann, letter of July 7, 1927, cited in Kurth, 184.

13.
Kurth, 180; see diary of Faith Lavington, November 21, 1927, in Hamburg, XXXIV, 6402–6428.

14.
Rathlef-Keilmann, 111–112.

15.
Ibid., 117.

16.
Ibid., 111–116.

17.
Duke Georg of Leuchtenberg to Olga Alexandrovna, letter of August 26, 1927, in Hamburg, XIV, 2558–2559.

18.
Rathlef-Keilmann, 155.

19.
Duke Georg of Leuchtenberg to Andrei Vladimirovich, letter of April 17, 1927, quoted in Rathlef-Keilmann, 154.

20.
Statement of Duchess Nathalia of Leuchtenberg, Baroness Meller-Zakomelsky, November 3, 1959, in Hamburg, IX, 1623–1630.

21.
Statement of Duke Dimitri of Leuchtenberg, March 20, 1959, in Hamburg, VII, 1253–1261; statement of Duchess Catherine of Leuchtenberg, March 20, 1959, in Hamburg, VII, 1261–1264.

22.
Maria von Hesse, quoted in Gilliard and Savitch, 141–142.

23.
Kurth, 127.

24.
Gilliard and Savitch, 34, 77;
Berliner Nachtausgabe
, April 16, 1927.

25.
Rathlef-Keilmann, 232.

26.
See Bonhoeffer report, March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402; Gilliard and Savitch, 29, 110; testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981; Baroness Marie von Kleist, affidavit of July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574; statement of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534; Nicholas von Schwabe to Gilliard, in Gilliard and Savitch, 110; Nicholas von Schwabe to Gilliard, letter of November 17, 1926, quoted in Gilliard and Savitch, 114–115; Hamburg,
Summary of Evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein
, May 18, 1967, 166.

27.
Rathlef-Keilmann, 232–233.

28.
Dr. Karl Bonhoeffer report, March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402; Dr. Lothar Nobel, report of March 1926, in Hamburg, XIII, 4417–4426.

29.
Dr. Theodor Eitel, report of December 22, 1926, in Hamburg, VIII, 1394–1402.

30.
Testimony of Dr. Theodor Eitel, May 20, 1959, in Hamburg, VIII, 1406–1421.

31.
Dr. Lothar Nobel, report of March 1926, in Hamburg, XIII, 4417–4426. This portion of Nobel’s statement, not surprisingly, was edited out before Rathlef-Keilmann published it in her book. See her reproduction of Nobel’s statement in Rathlef-Keilmann, 238–242.

32.
Duke Georg of Leuchtenberg to Olga Alexandrovna, letter of August 26, 1927, in Hamburg, XIV, 2558–2559.

33.
Duchess Nathalia of Leuchtenberg, Baroness Meller-Zakomelsky, letter of December 11, 1974, to Brien Horan, quoted in Horan, 139.

34.
Duke Dimitri of Leuchtenberg, letter of March 5, 1961, quoted in Vorres, 239–240.

35.
Duke Konstantin of Leuchtenberg, quoted in the
Ottawa Citizen
, December 1, 1964.

36.
Testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981; Rathlef-Keilmann, 232–233; Dr. Lothar Nobel, report of March 1926, in Hamburg, XIII, 4417–4426.

37.
Statement of Rathlef-Keilmann, July 1925, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

38.
This point was especially noted in the 1967 verdict of the Hanseatic Court of Appeals that reviewed Anderson’s case. See Hamburg,
Summary of Evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein
, May 18, 1967, 217.

39.
Dr. Ludwig Berg, statement of May 10, 1929, cited in Kurth, 86.

40.
Affidavit of Tatiana Botkin, May 2, 1929, in Hamburg, Bln I, 113–127; testimony of Dr. Theodor Eitel, May 20, 1959, in Hamburg, VIII, 1410.

41.
Duke Georg of Leuchtenberg to Olga Alexandrovna, letter of August 26, 1927, in Hamburg, XIV, 2558–2559; diary of Faith Lavington, September 26, 1927, in Hamburg, XXXIV, 6402–6428.

42.
See Rathlef-Keilmann, notes of June 30, 1925, in Hamburg, Bln III loose.

43.
Franz Jaenicke, statement of February 27, 1956, in Ian Lilburn collection; Dr. Serge Rudnev, report of March 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2485–2488; Rudnev affidavit of July 18, 1938, in Hamburg, Bln I, 134–138.